CURRICULUM ESSENTIALS

Chapter 1
Lesson 1:
The Curricula in School
Desired Learning Outcomes:
 Define curriculum
 Discuss the different curricula that exist in the
schools
 Analyze the significance of curriculum and curricu-
lum development in the teacher’s classroom
Curriculum
Curriculum comes from a Latin word “currere” which
means “running”, “course” ( as in race course) or “to
run” and later on evolved as “a course of study”.

Curriculum is a planned and guided set of learning ex-

periences and intended outcomes, formulated through
the systematic reconstruction of knowledge and experi-
ences under the auspices of the school, for the learners'’
continuous and willful growth in personal social com-
petence (Daniel Tanner, 1980)
It is a written document that systematically describes
goals planned, objectives, content, learning activities,
evaluation procedures and so forth (Pratt, 1980)

A program of activities (by teachers and pupils) de-

signed so that pupils will attain so far as possible certain
educational and other schooling ends or objectives
(Grundy, 1987)

It is defined as the totality of student experiences that

occur in the educational process.
Educational Levels in the Philippines
 Basic Education
• Kindergarten
• Elementary (Grade 1 to Grade 6)
• Secondary (Junior and Senior HS)

 Technical Vocational Education

Post-secondary technical vocational education and
training

Technical Education and Skills Development Au-

thority (TESDA)
 Higher Education
• Baccalaureate or Bachelor Degrees
• Graduate Degrees
 Types of Curricula Simultaneously
Operating in the Schools

1. Recommended Curriculum
• Basic Education- DepEd
• Higher Education- CHED
• Tech-Voc Education- TESDA
• Professional Organization like UNESCO, OECD
etc.
2. Written Curriculum
- includes documents based on the recom-
mended curriculum
•Syllabi
•Modules
•Books
•Instructional Guides
•Lesson Plan
3. Taught Curriculum
- curriculum implemented or taught.
- teachers and learners will put life to written curricu-
lum
- will depend on the teaching style of the teacher and
the learning style of the learners.
4. Supported Curriculum
-support materials that the teachers needs to make learning and
teaching meaningful, like charts, posters, worksheets, or non-
print materials like Powerpoint presentation, movies, slides,
models, realias, mock-ups and other electronic illustrations.
- Facilities where learning occurs outside or inside the four-
walled building. This includes the playgrounds, laboratories,
audio-visual room, museum etc.

5. Assessed Curriculum
-taught and supported curricula have to be evaluated to find
out if the teacher has succeeded or not in facilitating learning.
6. Learned Curriculum
-students changed behavior, he/she has learned.
-positive outcome of teaching is an indicator of learning.
-measured by tools in assessment which can indicate cognitive,
affective and psychomotor outcomes.
- Learned curriculum also demonstrate higher order and criti-
cal thinking skills.

7. Hidden/Implicit Curriculum
-not deliberately planned, but has a great impact on the behavior
of the learner.
---------------End of the lesson---------------------
Sabre-tooth Curriculum

1. Does the sabre-tooth curriculum still exist at

present?
2. Describe the kind of curriculum that exist as de-
scribed in the article
3. What does the author mean, when he said “A cur-
riculum should be timeless”?
4. What is the difference between education and
training?