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Bsaele01 - Chapter 8
Bsaele01 - Chapter 8
Ruiz,
MBA
College of Business &
Accountancy
CHAPTER 8:
Prosocial Behavior, Cooperation,
Conflict and Stress
PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR: HELPING OTHERS
Personal Orientation
Individualists
Equalizers
Causes of Conflict
Grudges
- All too often, conflict is caused when people who have lost face in dealing
with someone attempt to "get even" with that person by planning some
form of revenge. Employees involved in this kind of activity are not only
going out of their way to harm one of their co-workers, but by holding a
grudge, they are wasting energy that could be devoted to more productive
organizational endeavours.
Causes of Conflict
Malevolent Attributions
Destructive Criticisms
Distrusts
- The more strongly people suspect that some other individual or group is
out to get them, the more likely they are to have a relationship with that
person or group that is riddled with conflict.
Causes of Conflict
- The major problem with conflict, as you know from experience, is that it
yields strong negative emotions. However, these emotional reactions mark
only the beginning of a chain of reactions that can have harmful effects in
organizations.
Third-Party Intervention
- Stress does not simply shape our thoughts; in many cases, it derives from
and is strongly affected by them. To the extent that people appraise various
situations as stressors, they are likely to have stress reactions. Often, as we
will see, these can have damaging behavioral, psychological, and/or medical
effects on people.
Causes of Stress
Occupational Demands
- Some jobs, such as emergency room physician, police officer, fire fighter,
and airline pilot, expose the people who hold them to high levels of stress.
Others, such as college professor, janitor, and librarian, are less likely to
produce stress.
Causes of Stress
- If you've ever known anyone who has had to face the demands of working
while at the same time trying to raise a family, you are probably well aware
of how difficult this situation can be.
Causes of Stress
- Even if individuals are able to avoid the stress associated with role
conflict, they may still encounter an even more common source of job-
related stress: role ambiguity
Causes of Stress
- The most current evidence available suggests that stress exerts mainly
negative effects on task performance. In other words, performance can be
disrupted even by relatively low levels of stress: The greater the stress
people encounter on the job, the more adversely affected their job
performance tends to be.
Major Effects of Organizational Stress
- Most jobs involve some degree of stress. Yet, somehow, the people
performing them manage to cope; they continue to function despite their
daily encounters with various stressors. Some individuals, though, are not
so fortunate.
Major Effects of Organizational Stress
- Most jobs involve some degree of stress. Yet, somehow, the people
performing them manage to cope; they continue to function despite their
daily encounters with various stressors. Some individuals, though, are not
so fortunate.
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