Welcome to

BE20203 Hospitality Operating

System
Instructor: Mazalan Mifli, Ph.D.

Chapter 1
Understanding System Theory
and Principles
Learning Objectives
 Define systems and systems thinking
 Identify and explain inputs, transformational inputs,
process, outputs and feedback
 Explain five key features of systems theory
 Explain seven key systems principles
 Apply systems analysis to any hospitality operations

1-2
Introduction

Hard system + soft system = ?

1-3
Systems Theory
 General systems view
 System hierarchy
 Systems interaction
 Simultaneous multiple containment
 Cohesion and dispersion

1-4
 Systems Principles

 Reaction
 Cohesion
 Adaptation
 Connected variety
 Limited variety
 Preferred patterns
 Cyclic progression
 Integration of Principles

o Identifies the extent to which the system is stable of unstable

o Helps to forecast likely events in the system environment
o Suggests appropriate plans of action that will counteract
negative influences and sustain the system
o emphasizes that change is inevitable
System Analysis

So what is system analysis?