Exceptional Handling

Exception handling in Java is a critical

concept for writing robust and reliable
programs. Exceptions are unexpected
events or errors that can occur during the
execution of a program.
The Exception Handling in Java is one of
the powerful mechanism to handle the
runtime errors so that the normal flow of
the application can be maintained.
 Exception Handling is a mechanism to handle runtime errors such
as

• ClassNotFoundException,
• IOException,
• SQLException,
• RemoteException, etc.
 Advantage of Exception Handling

• The core advantage of exception handling is to

maintain the normal flow of the application.
An exception normally disrupts the normal
flow of the application; that is why we need to
handle exceptions.
 Types of Exceptions:

Java has two types of exceptions:

checked exceptions
and
unchecked exceptions (also known as runtime exceptions).

Checked exceptions must be either caught (using try-catch

blocks) or declared in the method's signature using the
throws keyword.

Unchecked exceptions do not need to be explicitly caught or

declared.
 The try-catch Block:

try {
// Code that may throw an exception
}

catch (ExceptionType1 e1)

{
// Handle ExceptionType1
} catch (ExceptionType2 e2)

{
// Handle ExceptionType2
}

finally
{
// Optional: Code that runs regardless of whether an exception occurred
}
The finally Block:
The finally block is optional and can be used to execute code that must run regardless
of whether an exception occurred.
Commonly used for cleanup tasks like closing resources (e.g., files, database
connections).
Throwing Exceptions:
Use the throw keyword to explicitly throw an exception.
You can create custom exceptions by extending the Exception class or its subclasses.

if (errorCondition)
{
throw new ExceptionType("Error message");
}