Digestive &

Excretory
System
1. Attendance & Learning
Objectives
2. Connector

3. Digestion around the room

4. Video & Discussion

5. The Excretory System

6. Clomework!
Agenda
Essential Question:

How do the body systems work together to support human vital

functions?
NGSS Crosscutting Concepts
Learning Objectives
I can explain how the
structures of the digestive
system function with the
circulatory system to provide
nutrients to the cells and the
rest of the body.
I can understand how the
structures of the urinary
system function with the
circulatory system to
maintain homeostasis in the
body.
 Connector: Plastic Bag Digestion

• 1. Use sealable plastic bags to

represent the digestive system.
• 2. Mix the crackers and cola in
the bag.
• 3. Rub the plastic bag.
• 4. Pass the products through the
panty hose
• 5. Answer the questions on your
notes.
The Digestive
System

Digestion is the breakdown of

food into smaller and simpler
substances.

The digestive system is important

to digestion. It converts food into
simple nutrients that can be used
by cells of the body.
 You will find the structures
and functions of the digestive
system around the room.

Please use the information on

The Digestive the walls to complete your
guided notes.
System
We will come togeher to
review the structure of the
digestive system at the end of
class.
The Digestive
System: Mouth

• Digestion begins in the mouth. Your

teeth and tongue grind/chew food into
smaller pieces.

• Salivary amylase is an enzyme

produced by your salivary glands. It
chemically digests carbohydrates into
simple sugars.
The Digestive System:
Pharynx

• As you swallow food, it passes

through the pharynx or throat.

• To prevent food from entering the

lungs, the epiglottis closes over the
trachea (airway).
The Digestive System: Esophagus

• Food enters the body

down the esophagus.
• The esophagus is made of
smooth muscle. The
muscles contract in
peristalsis to move food
into the stomach.
The Digestive
System: Stomach

• The smooth muscles in the stomach

contracts to mix the food.
• The stomach releases hydrochloric
acid and pepsin.
• Hydrochloric acid kills bacteria and
activates the pepsin.
• Pepsin helps digest proteins.
 The Digestive System: Small Intestine

• The stomach releases the digested food

(chyme) into the small intestines.
• The small intestines (SI) are divided into
three parts:
1. Duodenum : digestion continues
as digestive enzymes enter this
part of the SI from the liver and
pancreas
2. Jejunum: absorption of nutrients
occurs here
3. Ileum : absorption of water and
vitamins occurs here
The Digestive
System: Small
Intestine

• The small intestine is covered in tiny

finger-like projections called villi.

• Villi increase the surface area of

absorption sites in the body.

• Your villi absorb nutrients from the food

you eat and then shuttle those nutrients
into your bloodstream so they can travel
to body cells where they're needed.
The Digestive System: Liver,
Gallbladder, & Pancreas

• The liver produces bile. Bile helps dissolve

fat, allowing enzymes to digest fats in the SI.
• The gallbladder is a small pouch-like
structure that stores excess bile made by the
liver.
• The pancreas releases enzymes that help
digest fats, carbohydrates and proteins in
the duodenum (part of the small intestine).
The Digestive
System: Large
Intestine

• When the digested food reaches

the end of the small intestines,
only indigestible material, water
and cellulose (fiber) remain.
• The large intestines absorb water
from the undigested material.
The Digestive
System: Rectum &
Anus

• Solid, undigested food ( waste)

is stored in the rectum.
• It is then eliminated through
the anus.
Video
Let’s take a journey through
the digestive system!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=_QYwscALNng
Label the
Digestive
System –

Discuss the functions of

each structure as you
label them.
Excretory
System
 • The excretory system involves
The Excretory different systems of the human
System body all involved in removing
wastes.
1. Integumentary – salts, oils,
excess water removed
through excretions
2. Respiratory – CO2 is
removed from the blood
through the lungs
 • The excretory system involves
The Excretory different systems of the human
System body all involved in removing
wastes.
3. Digestive – Solid wastes
(fiber and undigested
materials)
4. Urinary – Urine ( salts and
excess water)
 The Urinary Sytem

• The urinary system is made up

of the kidneys, ureters, urinary
bladder, and urethra.
• Kidneys - filter and remove
waste products of metabolism
and maintain homeostasis
• Ureters – transport urine
from the kidneys to the
bladder
 The Urinary Sytem

• The urinary system is made

up of the kidneys, ureters,
urinary bladder, and urethra.
• Bladder – muscular
pouch that stores urine
• Urethra – channel to
exterior that releases
urine
Inside a Kidney

• There are millions of

nephrons within each
kidney that filter the
blood of unwanted salts,
minerals, and water.
Clomework!

• Complete the Blooket

assignment for the
Digestive and Urinary
Systems.

https://dashboard.bloo
ket.com/set/652ddb6fc
b2870ba5e214f2b