Balasore College of Engineering

& Technology

3 Phase Induction Motor

Guided by Presented by
Mrs Subhashree Das Madam Name -> Chandan Kumar Das
Branch -> Electrical
Roll no -> 20/EE/20L
Regd no. -> 2121225083
Semester -> 6th
 Introduction
 A 3 phase induction motor is a single excited AC machine. It’s starter winding
is a directly connected to AC source where as it’s rotor winding receives it’s
energy from starter by means of induction (i.e, by transformer action)
 An induction motor cannot run at synchronous speed so it is called synchronous
motor.
 A 3 phase induction motor it comparable with 3 phase transformer but with the
exception that the secondary is rotating.
 That’s why 3 phase induction motor is also known as rotating transformer
 Construction
 A 3 phase induction motor essentially consists of 2 parts
1. Stator
2. Rotor

STATOR

-> It is the stationary part of the machine.

-> It is build up of high grade alloy steel lamination to reduce eddy current losses.
-> The lamination are slotted on the inner peripheri and insulated from each other.
-> Insulated 3 phase windings are placed in the slots of the stator.
-> The stator winding may be star or delta.
-> The 3 phase stator winding is wound for a definite number of poles.
 ROTOR

-> The rotor is the rotating part of the machine. It is also build up of things lamination of the same material as stator.
-> These lamination are slotted on the outer periphery to receive the rotor conductors.
-> The laminated cylindrical core is mounted directly on the shaft on the spider carried by the shaft.
-> There are 2 types of rotor in induction motor
1. Squirrel cage rotor
2. Phase wound rotor
 Squirrel Cage Rotor
 It consist of a cylindrical laminated core with slots not parallel to the shaft axis.
 It’s slots contains unsulated conductors in the form of copper or aluminium bars embedded in
the semiclosed slots.
 Entire construction (Bars and end rings) resembles a squirrel cage and hence the name.
 Phase wound rotor
 In this type the rotor slots accommodated an insulated winding
similar to that of stator.
 The rotor winding uniformly distributed is usually connected in star.
 Carbon brushes pressing on the slip ring allow by external resistor to
be inserted in series with the rotor winding for speed and stator
winding control.
 Advantages of Squirrel Cage Rotor

 The absence of brushes reduces the risk of sparking.

 Lesser maintenance.
 Higher efficiency and higher power factor.

Disadvantages of Squirrel Cage Rotor

 Starting torque cannot be increased. (Poor starting torque)
 Very poor speed control.
 More sensitive to fluctuations in supply voltage.
 Advantages of Wound rotor
 High starting torque and low starting current
 Speed control is better
 High overloading capacity
 Smooth acceleration under heavy load.

 Disadvantages of Wound rotor

 Maintenance is more
 Cost is more.
 Large space is need.
 Conclusion

 In conclusion, it is evident that the 3-phase induction motor is an essential component of

modern industrial processes, and its reliability and efficiency make it a preferred choice for a
wide range of applications. As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see even
more efficient and powerful versions of these motors, further enhancing their utility and
importance in the industrial world.