Contribution of Janajati

in India’s freedom
struggle
Content-
 Introduction
 Different tribal freedom fighters
 Different types of Janajati in India
 Articles on Janajati
 Challenges
 Steps on Janajati in Government of India
 Conclusion
Introduction
 Viswa Janajati Diwas is celebrated in India on the 15 th November in every
year.
 It is celebrated to mark the birth anniversary of Bhagawan Birsa Munda.
 Birsa Munda was born on 15 November 1875, at the village of Ulihatu in the
Lohardaga district of Bengal Presidency — now in Khunti district of Jharkhand.
 He was the greatest tribal freedom fighter in India.
 There are many tribal heroes whose sacrifice for the country has not been
taken for consideration. They are Birsa Munda, Alluri Seetha Ram Raju, Rani
Gaidhinliu, Sidhu Murmu and Kanhu Murmu, Tilka Majhi, etc.
Different tribal freedom fighters

 Birsa Munda - was an Indian tribal freedom fighter, and folk hero who belonged to the
Munda tribe.
.Birsa received his education in Salga under the guidance of his teacher Jaipal Nag.Later, Birsa
converted into a Christian to join the German Mission School but soon dropped out after
finding out that Britishers were aiming to convert tribals to Christianity through education.
.After dropping out of school, Birsa Munda created a faith called ‘Birsait’.
.Birsa Munda is known for challenging the Christian missionaries and revolting against the
conversion activities along with the Munda and Oraon communities.
Different tribal freedom fighters

 Alluri Sitarama Raju –

.He was an Indian revolutionary, who waged an armed campaign against the British
colonial rule in India.
.He was involved in opposing the British in response to the 1882 Madras Forest Act
which restricted the free movement of Adivasis in their forest habitats, and
prevented them from practicing their traditional form of agriculture called podu.
.He was given the epithet—"Manyam Veerudu" (transl. Hero of the Jungle) by the
local villagers for his heroic exploits.
 Different tribal freedom fighters

 Rani gaidinliu-
.She was popularly known as Rani Gaidinliu was a Naga spiritual and political
leader who led a revolt against British rule in India.
. At the age of 13, she joined the Heraka religious movement of her cousin
Haipou Jadonang.
.Jawaharlal Nehru met her at Shillong Jail in 1937, and promised to pursue her
release. Nehru gave her the title of "Rani" ("Queen"), and she gained local
popularity as Rani Gaidinliu.
.Her actually name is gaidinliu pamei.
Different tribal freedom fighters

 Tilka majhi -
.Tilka Majhi was an Indian freedom fighter the first Adivasi leader from Santal
Community
.He took up arms against the British in the 1784, around 70 years before Mangal
Pandey.
.He organized the Adivasis to form an armed group to fight against the resource
grabbing and exploitation of British.
Different types of Janajati in India
 Various types of Janajati are lives in India. They are Pahadia, Chuar, Rool,
Bhil, Santal, Munda, Koya, Ramosi, etc.
 In Odisha they have various names as their culture. They are Adivasi,
Vanyajati, Vanavasi, Adimjati, Girijan and Pahari etc.
 Govindguru takes leadership on Bhil Janajati. This is called Vagatandolon.
 In November 1913 Managada hill Narasanghar was held.
Articles on Janajati

 As per article -342 and 366 Indian constitution any tribe and tribal community
or part of or group within any tribal community are called as Schedule tribes.
 As per article -243 ; reservation of seats in Panchayat.
 As per article -330 ; reservation of seats in Lok Sabha.
 As per article -371 ; special provision and various types of schemes are
provided by the Government of India.
 Similarly, various types of article on Janajati are provided by India
Government.
Challenges
 Comparisons – Govind Sadashiv Ghurye who was a professor of sociology had
described Janajati peoples as backward Hindus.
 Cultural challenges.
 Late development.
Steps on Janajati in Government
of India
 Article 275(I) of the constitution of India - According to the Act, infrastructure works
such as Foot Over Bridges, Link Roads, Electrical Connection, Check Dams and Screening
of Sickle Cell Anaemia are being carried out in the tribal areas.
 Development of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) - Under this Scheme
provides Construction of traditional houses, milch animals, Fishing nets, Two-wheelers,
Drinking water facilities and street lights to the Paliyar and Katunayakkan tribes living
below the poverty line.
 Special Central Assistance to Tribal Sub Plan - Under this scheme provides Dairy Cows to
the tribal groups living below the poverty line. Dairy cows are provided to groups who
have pledged to supply milk only to the Tamil Nadu Milk Producers Co-operative Society.
 Schools and Hostels - Government Tribal Residential Schools are given for tribal
students.
 Providing training for women development - Through this Scheme, tribal women are
given training in tailoring, bamboo basket knitting, etc.
Steps on Janajati in Government
of India
 Provision of Drinking water facility - Under this Scheme provides Bore wells, open wells,
Drip irrigation, Sprinkler, pipe linings, oil engine, Electrical motors and Solar power Water
pump to the tribal people living below the poverty line.
 Street Lights - Through this Scheme, street lights will be provided to tribal habitations
that do not have street lights.
 Formation of Link Road - Through this Scheme provides tribal village without road
facilities are connected to the main village or plain.
 Free houses - Through this Scheme, Construction of free houses for tribal who are having
free house site patta.
 Vocational Guidance - Under this scheme, a Vocational Guidance Centre is functioning at
Udhagamandalam for guidance of tribal youths for employment purposes.
 Employment Opportunities - Through this Scheme, job placement training are provided to
Educated Tribal Youth for unemployed tribal youth through the district employment
centres.
Conclusion
 Various types of Janajati lives in India. They have various types of cultural
program, various types of activities, costume.
 So we Respect them.
The End