Arthropods

Group Members:
Hao Yuan
Jonathan
You Yang
Earn Qi
Sean Chua
Common
Features
• A jointed skeletal covering called
an exoskeleton (waterproof
exoskeleton so that they could
survive on dry land)
• Invertebrate (no backbone)
• Segmented bodies (head, thorax,
abdomen)
• Have 6 or more legs
Characteristic
Features of
Myriapods
• Many segmented body
• Have one pair of antennae
• Many pairs of legs
• Centipede
• Millipede
Characteristic Features of Insects
• Insects exoskeleton and trachea are very good at
stooping water from evaporating from the insects
bodies
• Can survive in very dry places
• Mainly terrestrial (land-living)
• Arthropods with three pairs of jointed legs
• Two pairs of wings (one or both may be vestigial)
• Breathe through trachea
• Body divided into head, thorax, and abdomen
Characteristic
Features of
Arachnids
• Land-dwelling organisms
• 4 pairs of legs/8 legs
• 2 segmented body
• Cephalothorax and abdomen
• Have fangs
• Breathe through gills called
book lungs
• Spiders, scorpions and ticks
Characteristic
Features of
Crustaceans
• Crabs, lobsters, woodlice
• Breathe through gills
• So most of them live in
wet places and many are
aquatic
• Arthropods with more
than 4 pairs of jointed legs
What is a
Vestigial Organ?
• Vestigial is a description of a
structure that has evolved to
become so small that it is no
longer useful.
Research on other external body parts
of a Centipede
• Centipedes have a flattened, segmented
body, long antennae and many legs.
• The body is divided into two parts, the
head and a segmented trunk.
• It carries a pair of antennae, which are the
animals major sense organs, enabling it to
smell and feel its way around.
• They are covered with a hard exoskeleton
made of cuticle, which protects the soft
internal organs and serve as an attachment
point for the centipedes muscles.
Research on other
external body
parts of a Beetle
1. Most beetles have a hard exoskeleton, a
three-region body which consist of the
head, thorax and abdomen.
2. A beetle would have two compound
eyes, three pairs of jointed legs, and two
antennae
3. Beetles also have an elytra to protect
their fragile underwings.
Research on other external body parts
of a Spider
• The two body segments are the head
(prosoma/cephalothorax) and the abdomen
(opisthosoma).
• Spiders generally have two fangs to inject
venom and is used both as a defence
mechanism and to paralyse prey.
• Spiders have appendages called pedipalps
that help the spider sense objects that it
encounters. Some spiders also use their
pedipalps to aid in prey capture and feeding.
• Spiders have spinnerets to help spin webs
that are used to catch prey, usually any insect
that lands on the web.
Research on other external body parts in
a Mantis Shrimp
• Mantis Shrimp have long, flattened, bodies
that are segmented into two parts, the
head (prosoma/cephalothorax) and the
abdomen (opisthosoma).
• Mantis Shrimp have several pairs of
pleopods or swimmerets attached to their
abdomen's middle line. These are used for
swimming.
• Mantis Shrimp have raptorial claws that are
adapted to hunt prey by either impaling or
striking them at speeds of 23m/s
Any Questions?
Araneus
Buthus
Hydrachna
Ixodes
Oligolophus