Examples on LPP

BBA 3rd semester

Question 1:
A firm is engaged in producing two products, A and B. Each unit of product A
requires 2 kg of raw material and 4 labour hours for processing, whereas each
unit of product B requires 3 kg of raw material and 3 hours of labour, of the
same type. Every week, the firm has an availability of 60 kg of raw material and
96 labour hours. One unit of product A sold yields Rs 40 and one unit of
product B sold gives Rs 35 as profit.

Formulate this problem as a linear programming problem to determine as to

how many units of each of the products should be produced per week so that
the firm can earn the maximum profit. Assume that there is no marketing
constraint so that all that is produced can be sold
Question 2:
The Agricultural Research Institute suggested to a farmer to spread out at least
4800 kg of a special phosphate fertilizer and not less than 7200 kg of a special
nitrogen fertilizer to raise productivity of crops in his fields. There are two
sources for obtaining these-mixtures A and B. Both of these are available in
bags weighing 100 kg each and they cost Rs 40 and Rs 24 respectively. Mixture
A contains phosphate and nitrogen equivalent of 20 kg and 80 kg respectively,
while mixture B contains these ingredients equivalent of 50 kg each.

Write this as a linear programming problem and determine how many bags of
each type the farmer should buy in order to obtain the required fertilizer at
minimum cost
Example 3
An agriculturist has a 125 acre farm. He produces radish,
muttar and potato. Whatever he raises is sold fully in the
market. He gets ` 5 per kg for radish, ` 4 kg for muttar and ` 5
kg for potato. The average per acre yield is ` 1500 kg of radish,
1800 kg of muttar and 1200 kg of potato. To produce each 100
kg of radish and muttar and 80 kg of potato, a sum of ` 12.50
has to be used for manure. Labour required for each acre to
raise the crop is 6 man days for radish and potato each and 5
man-days for muttar. A total of 500 man-days of labour at a
rate of ` 40 per man-day is available. Formulate this as a LPP
model to maximise the agriculturist’s total profit.
Example 4
An advertising company wishes to plan an advertising
campaign for three different media: television, radio
and magazine. The purpose of the advertising is to Television
reach as many potential customers as possible. The Prime
following are the results of a market study: Prime Day Radio Magazine
Time
Cost of an advertising
unit ` 40,000 ` 75,000 ` 30,000 ` 15,000
The company does not want to spend more than ` 8,
00,000 on advertising. It is further required that Number of potential
customers reached per 4,00,000 9,00,000 5,00,000 2,00,000
i. At least 2 million exposures take place amongst women. unit
ii. The cost of advertising on television be limited to ` 5,00,000
iii. At least 3 advertising units be bought on prime day and two Number of women
units during prime time; and customers reached per 3,00,000 4,00,000 2,00,000 1,00,000
iv. The number of advertising units on the radio and the unit
magazine should each be between 5 and 10

Formulate this problem as an LPP model to maximise

potential customer reach.
Example 5
A garment manufacturer has a production line making two styles
of shirts. Style I requires 200 grams of cotton thread, 300 grams
of dacron thread, and 300 grams of linen thread. Style II requires
200 grams of cotton thread, 200 grams of dacron thread and 100
grams of linen thread. The manufacturer makes a net profit of Rs.
19.50 on Style 1, Rs. 15.90 on Style II. He has in hand an
inventory of 24 kg of cotton thread, 26 kg of dacron thread and 22
kg of linen thread. His immediate problem is to determine a
production schedule, given the current inventory to make a
maximum profit. Formulate the LPP model.
Example 6
A company makes two kinds of leather belts. Belt A is a high
quality belt, and belt B is of lower quality. The respective profits
are Re. 0.40 and Re. 0.30 per belt. Each belt of type A requires
twice as much time as a belt of type B, and if all belts were of type
B, the company could make 1,000 per day. The supply of leather is
sufficient for only 800 belts per day (both A and B combined). Belt
A requires a fancy buckle, and only 400 per day are available.
There are only 700 buckles a day available for belt B. What should
be the daily production of each type of belt? Formulate the linear
programming problem
 Example 5
A businessman is opening a new restaurant and has budgeted ` 8, 00,000 for
advertisement, for the coming month. He is considering four types of
advertising:
a. 30 second television commercials
b. 30 second radio commercials
c. Half-page advertisement in newspaper
d. Full-page advertisement in a weekly magazine which will appear four
Exposure to Exposure to
times during the coming month Cost of
families with families with
Media advertisement
The owner wishes to reach families (a) with income over ` 50,000 and (b) with annual income annual income
`
income under ` 50,000. The amount of exposure of each media to families of over ` 50,000 under ` 50,000
type (a) and (b) and the cost of each media is shown below: To have a balanced
campaign, the owner has determined the following four restrictions:
i. There should be no more than four television advertisements Television 40,000 2,00,000 3,00,000
j. There should be no more than four advertisements in the magazine
k. The number of advertisements in newspaper and magazine put together
Radio 20,000 5,00,000 7,00,000
should not be more than 60 percent of all advertisement put together. Newspaper 15,000 3,00,000 1,50,000
l. There must be at least 45, 00,000 exposures to families with annual
income of over `50,000. Magazine 5,000 1,00,000 1,00,000

Formulate this problem as an LP model to determine the number of each type of

advertisement to be given so as to maximise the total number of exposures.
Example 6
A certain farming organization operates three farms of comparable productivity. The output of each farm is
limited both by the usable acreage and by the amount of water available for irrigation. The data for the
upcoming season is as shown below. The organization is considering planting crops which differ primarily in
their expected profit per acre and in their consumption of water. Furthermore, the total acreage that can be
devoted to each of the crops is limited by the amount of appropriate harvesting equipment available. In order to
maintain a uniform workload among the three farms, it is the policy of the organization that the percentage of
the usable acreage planted be the same for each farm. However, any combination of the crops may be grown at
any of the farms. The organization wishes to know how much of each crop should be planted at the respective
farms in order to maximize expected profit. Formulate this problem as an LP model in order to maximize the
total expected profit
Water Available Water Consumption Expected Profit
Farm Usable Acreage Crop Maximum Acreage
(in cubic feet) (in cubic feet) per Acre (Rs.)
1 400 1500 A 700 5 4000
2 600 2000 B 800 4 3000
3 300 900 C 300 3 1000
 Example 7
ABC company manufactures three grades of paint: Venus, Diana and Aurora. The plant operates on a three-shift
basis and the following data is available from the production records. There are no limitations on the other
resources. The particulars of sales forecasts and the estimated contribution to overheads and profits are given
below. Due to the commitments already made, a minimum of 200 kilolitres per month, of Aurora, must be
supplied the next year. Just when the company was able to finalize the monthly production programme for the
next 12 months, it received an offer from a nearby competitor for hiring 40 machine shifts per month of milling
capacity for grinding Diana paint that could be spared for at least a year. However, due to additional handling at
the competitor’s facility, the contribution from Diana would be reduced by Re 1 per litre. Formulate this
problem as an LP model for determining the monthly production programme to maximize contribution.
Grade Venus Diana Aurora
Availability
Requirement of resource Maximum possible
Venus Diana Aurora (Capacity/month)
sales per month 100 400 600
Special Additive (kg/litre) 0.30 0.15 0.75 600 tonnes (kilolitres)
Contribution
Milling 100 machine 4000 3500 2000
2.00 3.00 5.00 (Rs/kilolitre)
(kilolitres/machine shift) shifts
Packing
12.00 12.00 12.00 80 shifts
(kilolitres per shift)