Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Intro OB
Intro OB
Chapter Objectives
Define organizational behavior and explain how and why it determines the effectiveness of an organization Appreciate why the study of organizational behavior improves a persons ability to understand and respond to events that take place in a work setting Differentiate between the three
Chapter Objectives
Appreciate the way changes in an organizations external environment continually create challenges for organizational behavior Describe the four main kinds of forces in the environment that post the most opportunities and problems for organizations today
IKEA strives to increase employees skills and knowledge IKEA provides employees with rewards that encourage high performance IKEA encourages employee commitment and cooperation
What is an Organization?
An organization is a collection of people who work together to achieve individual and organizational goals
Individual goals Organizational goals
Organizational behavior (OB): the study of factors that have an impact on how people and groups act, think, feel, and respond to work and organizations, and how organizations respond to their environments
What is Management?
Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling an organizations human, financial, material, and other resources to increase its effectiveness
Decide on organizational goals and allocate and use resources to achieve those goals
Establish the rules and reporting relationships that allow people to achieve organizational goals
Controlling
Evaluate how well the organization is achieving goals and take action to maintain, improve, and correct performance
Leading
Encourage and coordinate individuals and groups so that they work toward organizational goals
Managerial Skills
Conceptual Skills
Technical Skills
Human Skills
1: Changing Social/ Cultural Environment 2: Evolving Global Environment 3: Advancing Information Technology 4: Shifting Work/ Employment Relationships
Diversity Challenges
Understanding Global Differences Improve Organizations Behaviors and Procedures in Response to Those Differences
F.W. Taylor and Scientific Management Mary Parker Follett Hawthorne Studies Theory X and Y
Scientific management: the systematic study of relationships between people and tasks for the purpose of redesigning the work process to increase efficiency The amount of and effort each employee expends to produce a unit of output can be reduced by increasing specialization and the division of labor
1. Study the way employees perform their tasks, gather informal job knowledge that employees possess, and experiment with ways of improving the way tasks are performed 2. Codify the new methods of performing tasks into written rules and standard operating procedures
possess skills and abilities that match the needs of the task, and train them to perform the task according to the established rules and procedures 4. Establish an acceptable level of performance for a task, and then develop a pay system that provides a reward for performance above the acceptable level
Management must consider the human side Employees should be involved in job analysis Person with the knowledge should be in control of the work process regardless of position Cross-functioning teams used to accomplish projects
Hawthorne Works of the Western Electric Company; 1924-1932 Initiated as an attempt to investigate how characteristics of the work setting affect employee fatigue and performance (i.e., lighting) Found that productivity increased regardless of whether illumination was raised or lowered
Employees will do what is good for the organization when committed Managers task is create a work setting that encourages commitment to organizational goals and provides opportunities for employees to be exercise initiative