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Molecular Shapes
Molecular Shapes
• AB2E2
• this shape is bent
Repulsion
• Repulsion between two unshared pairs of electrons is
greatest- push farthest apart
• repulsion between a shared and unshared pair of
electrons is intermediate
• repulsion between two shared pairs of electrons is least
Follow the steps to get the ABE formula and shape
• A. Draw the Lewis structure for molecule
• B. check to see if central atom is an exception
• C. determine the number of atoms attached to central atom
• A. #=subscript on B
• D. determine # of lone pairs on Central Atom
• A. #=subscript on E
• E. match the ABE formula you just determined to the shape on the
chart
BASIC SHAPES
• Using Lewis Structures, first assess the number of electron pairs surrounding
the central atom.
• place these electron pairs as far away as possible.
• if there are 2 pairs this is the shape:
co2
CO2
• .
What is the Lewis Structure and Shape?
CF2
CF2
What is the Lewis Structure and Shape?
SO2
SO2
Sample Problems:
Sample Problems:
• the end that is negative “sees” the lelctrons more than the
positive side
• atom that has greater electronegativity will “see” electrons
more
How do we determine if a bond is polar?
• Difference in electronegativities
– if the difference is> than0.3, the bond is POLAR covalent
– if the difference is< than0.3, the bond is NON polar covalent
Other examples
Molecules can be polar too!
Both molecules are CH2Cl2-
Which is Polar?
the 3rd number represents the number of unshared
electron pairs around the central atom