MECHANICAL COMPONENTS AND THEIR

FUNCTIONS
BY THE END OF THIS SECTION PARTICIPANTS WILL BE ABLE TO

 IDENTIFY VEHICLE COMPONENTS

 STATE THE FUNCTIONS OF VEHICLE COMPONENTS

 THE ENGINE

• FUNTION
• The function of the engine is to convert the heat
energy contained in the petrol into mechanical
energy in the form of torque or turning power,
available at the engine crankshaft.
 SYSTEMS OF THE ENGINE
• COOLING SYSTEM
• The function of the cooling system is to remove the excess heat from the
engine components in order to maintain a perfect running temperature of the
engine.
• FUEL SUPPLY SYSTEM
The function of the fuel supply system is store fuel and supply it to the engine
at the right time (during induction), in the required quantity to meet engine load
condition and in proper condition.
It also gives indication to the driver the quantity of fuel in the tank.
COOLING & FUEL SUPPLY
 SYSTEMS OF THE ENGINE

• THE LUBRICATION SYSTEM

• Lubrication is essential on nylon, rubber bushes or
metal components to reduce friction, heat and wear
and also to prevent seizure.
LUBRICATION
CLUTCH

• To connect a running engine smoothly and gradually to

the remainder of the transmission system
• To permit gear changing when a vehicle is in motion
• To allow the engine to continue running when a vehicle
is temporarily halted in gear with the clutch pedal
depressed to disengage
CLUTCH
GEARBOX

• Provide a means to vary torque ratio between the engine

and the road wheels as required.
• Provides a neutral position.
• A means to back the car by reversing the direction of
rotation of the drive is also provided by the
transmission
GEARBOX
FINAL DRIVE

• THIS PERFORM TWO FUNCTIONS.

• IT TURNS THE DRIVE FROM THE GEARBOX THROUGH
A RIGHT ANGLE (90O) TO DRIVE THE ROAD WHEELS.
• IT ALSO GEARS DOWN THE SPEED OF THE ENGINE TO
THAT REQUIRED BY THE ROAD WHEELS.
FINAL DRIVE & DIFFERENTIAL GEARS
 BRAKES

• THE FUNCTION OF THE BRAKING SYSTEM IS TO ABSORB ALL THE

ENERGY GIVEN BY THE ENGINE AND THAT DUE TO MOMENTUM OF
THE VEHICLE. SIMPLY, IT STOPS OR RETARDS THE MOTION OF THE
VEHICLE.
BRAKES
STEERING SYSTEM

• TO ENABLE THE DRIVER TO CONTROL THE

DIRECTION TAKEN BY THE VEHICLE ACCURATELY
UNDER ALL OPERATING CONDITIONS.
STEERING
SUSPENSION SYSTEM

• TO ABSORB ROAD SHOCKS AND VIBRATION AND

ALLOWS THE WHEELS TO FOLLOW THE IRREGULAR
CONTOUR OF THE ROAD SURFACE.
SUSPENSION
WHEELS AND TYRES

• THE FUNCTION OF THE WHEELS AND TYRES IS TO

SUPPORT THE VEHICLE ON THE ROAD SURFACE AND
ASSIST SMOOTHER LINEAR MOVEMENT OF THE
VEHICLE.