Department of Biotechnology

THE OXFORD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Bommanahalli, Bangalore-560068
(VTU Affiliated, AICTE Approved, NAAC & NBA Accredited)

PRESENTATION ON:
Study of anticancer activity of Cassia auriculata
Presented by:
Kavya K (1OX17BT019)
Ila Khanduri (1OX19BT012)
Nazeeha Burhan (1OX19BT021)
Yuktha Mukhi R (1OX19BT030)

Guide : Head of the Department:

DIVAKARA R SALMA KAUSAR DR. B K MANJUNATHA
Asst. Professor Asst. Professor Prof.& Head,
Dept. of Biotechnology Dept. of Biotechnology Dept. of Biotechnology
 CONTENTS:
Abstract

Introduction

Literature review

Objectives

Methodology

Results and Discussion

Conclusion

References

Acknowledgement
 ABSTRACT
• The study is based on the docking studies of components of Cassia auriculata plant on
various drug targets of cancer. The molecular docking studies were done using an online
tool SwissDock which gives the predicted binding of ligand with target protein. The goal
of ligand-protein docking is to predict the binding mode(s) of a ligand with protein of
known three-dimensional structure. The target proteins were the potent cancer drug targets
which were docked with compounds of Cassia auriculata (ligand). The drug targets chosen
were based on how common the cancer type is. Whereas, the ligand molecules those were
chosen for the studies were the once already showing anti-cancerous activity against
certain cancer. The docking studies were performed and the results were interpreted. The
further confirmation of the results will be done by invitro studies.
 Introduction
• Cancer is one of the most studied disease worldwide as, cancer is the second-leading
cause of death worldwide. Cancer is caused by certain changes/mutations in genes that
control the way cell functions, especially how they grow and divide.

• Cassia auriculata is an evergreen shrub that grows in many parts of India and in other
parts of Asia. The flower, buds, leaves, stem, root and unripe fruits are used for treatment
especially in Ayurvedic medicine. This plant has been used to treat several ailments
including diabetes, fever, skin infections, infertility, worm infection etc. It has proven to
be effective against some of the cancer too.
 LITERATURE REVIEW
• Guruprasad C. Nille, K.R.C.Reddy, Cassia auriculata used for long period in various chronic diseases

therapeutically. Aim of the current review is to search literature for the pharmacological properties, safety/

toxicity studies, pharmacognostic studies and phytochemical investigation of Cassia auriculata plant. Particulars

of pharmacological activities, phytochemical isolation, toxicity studies etc. were extracted from the published

reports focusing on the safety profile of the plant.

• Shu-Chun Hsu, Jing-Gung Chung, Anthraquinones are commonly extracted from the Polygonaceae family of

plants. Some of the major chemical components of anthraquinone and its derivatives, such as emodin, danthron,

emodin, chrysophanol, physcion, and rhein, have demonstrated potential anticancer properties. This review

evaluates the pharmacological effects of emodin. Emodin demonstrates anti-neoplastic, anti-inflammatory, anti-

angiogenesis, and toxicological potential for use in pharmacology, both in vitro and in vivo. Emodin

demonstrates cytotoxic effects (e.g., cell death) through the arrest of the cell cycle and the induction of apoptosis

in cancer cells.
• Mya Mu Aye, Hnin Thanda Aung, Myint Myint Sein and Chabaco Armijos, the ethanolic extract of the
roots of C. auriculata displayed the nephroprotective activity in cisplatin and gentamicin induced renal injury
in male albino rats . The plant has been reported to possess antipyretic, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic,
antiperoxidative and antihyperglycemic and microbicidal activity. The flowers are used to treat urinary
discharges, nocturnal emissions, diabetes and throat irritation. The leaves are anthelmintic and good for
ulcers, skin diseases and leprosy.

• Salma B, Muthukumar SP, Avinasha S, Manjula SN, C. auriculata is commonly known as tanner’s cassia,
and it belongs to the family Caesalpiniaceae. It is reported to contain many phytoconstituents such as
alkaloids, terpenoids, phenols and tannins, sugar saponins, flavonoids, quinines, steroids, and proteins. The
ethnobotanical survey revealed that the C. auriculata was used for the treatment of diabetes, joint pain and
inflammation, muscle pain, illness, cold, venereal disease, hair cleanser, reduce body heat, abdominal pain,
vomiting, diarrhoea, and toothache. C. auriculata have many pharmacological properties, such as anti-
diabetic, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic activities, and
many more.
• Syed Shafeeq. R, Shekshavali. T, Syed Sulthan Ahamed. S N , Cassia auriculata Linn (Family: Caesalpiniaceae)
commonly known as Tanners Senna, is distributed throughout hot deciduous forests of India and holds a very
prestigious position in Ayurveda and Siddha systems of medicine. Its bark is used as an astringent, leaves and fruits
are used anthelminthic1, The root cures tumors, skin diseases, and asthma; leaves are anthelmintic, good for ulcers,
diarrhea, and leprosy; and the flowers are used in the treatment of urinary discharge, diabetes, and dysentery2. C.
auriculata is also one of the major components of a beverage called “ kalpa herbal tea” which has been widely
consumed by people suffering from diabetes mellitus, constipation, and urinary tract diseases3. An alter-native
preparation for diabetes medication is a mixture called “avarai panchaga choornam” which is prepared from dried and
powdered plant parts and commonly used for opthalmia, con-junctivitis, and urinary infections (equal amount of
leaves, roots, flowers, bark, and unripe fruits)

• The plant has been reported to possess antipyretic, hepatoprotective anti peroxidative and microbicidal activity.
The flowers are used to treat urinary discharges, nocturnal emissions, diabetes and throat irritation. They are
one of the constituent of polyherbal formulation “Diasulin”in the concentration range of 40 mg/dl which is
proven to have anti diabetic activity10. The dried flower bud powder is used as a substitute for tea in case of
diabetic patients and it is also supposed to improve the complexion in women. The present investigation deals
with extraction of essential oils, their GC analysis and purification from the leaves of Cassia auriculata linn.
 OBJECTIVES

The purpose for the project is:

1. To find the compounds of Cassia auriculata which possess anti-cancerous

activity.

2. To dock the compounds having anti-tumour and anti-cancerous activity with

potent drug target.
 PROCEDURE
1. All the compounds with medicinal properties were listed out and, were checked
if they have anti-cancerous activity against any type of cancer.

2. Structure of the compounds in PDB format were downloaded.

3. The most common and efficient drug target sites of various cancers were
searched for.

4. The drug target sites (protein) and the components (ligand) were docked to see
the interaction and the results were inferred.
TARGET AND LIGANDS USED
TARGETS
Thyroid cancer:
MEK1
Colorectal cancer:
BRAF LIGANDS
Renal cancer: Resorcinol
TIM3
TIE-2 Luteolin
B7-H3 Emodin
Leukaemia: Friends?
SRC Quercetin
Ovarian cancer: Rubiadin
TNF-α
Pancreatic cancer:
PIM3
Lymphoma:
CTLA
CSFIR
 PROTEIN-LIGAND INTERACTION
PROTEIN LIGAND ESTIMATED SWISSDOCK RESULT
MOLECULE MOLECULE ENERGY
(DRUG SITE FOR) (MINIMUM)
MEK1(Thyroid Resorcinol -5.70
cancer)
BRAF(Colorectal Resorcinol -6.32
cancer)

MEK1(Thyroid Luteolin -6.46

cancer)
BRAF(Colorectal Luteolin -7.91
cancer)

TIM3(Renal Emodin -7.93

cancer)
SRC(Leukaemia) Resorcinol -6.00

SRC(Leukaemia) Quercetin -9.20

B7-H3(Renal Emodin -6.77
cancer)

TIE-2(Renal Rubiadin -6.75

cancer)
 TIE-2(Renal Resorcinol -6.10
cancer)

TNF-α(Ovarian Resorcinol -6.23

cancer)
CTLA(Lymphoma) Luteolin -7.01

PIM3(Pancreatic Quercetin -6.00

cancer)
CSFIR(Lymphoma) Resorcinol -7.45

CSFIR(Lymphoma) Quercetin -6.95

 RESULT
• Molecular docking studies was done on Cassia auriculata to evaluated
for their antitumor activity by using SwissDock software.
• By using SwissDock values of different parameters like predicted
binding modes , no of clusters , elements , estimated energy (ΔG)in
(kcal/mol), and full fitness (kcal/mol) were obtained.
• All the measured values are compared with three reference
compounds.
• In the AutoDock results it was found that some derivatives of Cassia
are having EE which was of significance when compared with
reference compounds used such as B7H3 (5cma) ,Tim3(2vem) . From
SwissDock, it was found that these have estimated energy of -7.83
kcal/mol and full fitness of -1882.17 kcal/mol.
AUTODOCK STUDIES

We have 3 chains , A B C
• Target 6ooy under TNF-α
Ligand: Luteolin
• Chain A
• Amino acids interactions at certain positions
and binding energy is observed.
 CONCLUSION
• Determination of anticancer property of phytochemical compounds present in cassia

auriculata by molecular docking we have found that the prediction on how the Cassia

auriculata components interact with the cancer drug targets.

• All the molecules had negative Gibbs free energy that signifies good binding. In docking

studies, the energy value between -8.0 to 11.71 kcal/mol is considered to be the best

(according to the data given in Informatics in Medicine Unlocked Volume 5).

• Whereas, the energy score -9.20 kcal/mol was the best one found in our study for SRC-

Quercetin docking which is a good energy value.

• All the compounds docked ranges from -5.70 to -9.20 kcal/mol.

 REFERENCES
• https://m.netmeds.com/health-library/post/cassia-auriculata-incredible-health-benefits-and-medicinal-uses-of-avartaki

• https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-1094/cassia-auriculata

• https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/understanding/what-is-cancer

• https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer

• https://www.wcrf.org/cancer-trends/worldwide-cancer-data/#:~:text=There%20were%20an%20estimated%2018.1,listed%2
0in%20the%20tables%20below
.

• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18446297/#:~:text=Molecular%20docking%20is%20a%20key,of%20known%20three%2
Ddimensional%20structure
.

• https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/

• https://ijpsr.com/bft-article/phytochemical-evaluation-of-cassis-auriculata-using-analytical-studies/
• https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352914816300235
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
• We extend our sincere thanks to the Chairmen of ‘The Oxford Educational Institutions’
for the opportunities and facilities provided.

• We thank our Principal Dr. N. Kannan for providing the necessary resources.

• We thank, Dr. B. K. Manjunatha, Head of Department, Department of Biotechnology for

giving us the opportunity to do our project at The Oxford College of Engineering.

• We thank our guide Mr. Divakara R, Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology

and Miss Salma Kausar, Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology for their
guidance and support.

• We would like to thank all other faculties who supported us to complete the project .
Thank you