CLASS – X (SESSION 2021-22)

MATHEMATICS

Name:

School:

Class: Section: Roll no:

 Project Topic:
Coordinate Geometry
(Cartesian System)

Introduction
(What is Coordinate Geometry)
 History of
Coordinate Geometry
(Write a short note on historical background of
coordinate geometry)
Cartesian System of
Coordinates
Explain with diagram
(Axes, Origin, Quadrants)
 Location of a point using
Coordinates
Explain how to find out the coordinate of a point in the
Cartesian Plane
(Abscissa, Ordinate)
 Numerical Problems on
Coordinates

Sample Question 1.

Plot the points A (1,2), B (-4,2), C (-4, -1) and D (1, -1). What kind of
quadrilateral is ABCD ? Also find the area of the quadrilateral ABCD.

(you may choose similar problems from your book)

 Distance Formula
(Prove the distance formula to find the distance
between two fixed point on a plane)
Numerical Problems on Distance
Formula

Sample Question 2.

Show that the points (-3, 2), (-5, -5), (2, -3) and (4, 4), taken in order, are
the vertices of rhombus. Also find its area. Do the given points from a
square?
(you may choose similar problems from your book)
 Reflection
What is your idea about reflection? Give some
common examples of reflections.
 Reflection by Coordinate axes

Show by diagram origin and a line how to find out the

image of a point under the reflection in both the axes,
the origin and the lines parallel to the axes
Numerical Problems on Reflection
by Coordinate axes / origin

Sample Question 3.
(i) Find the co-ordinates of the images of the following points under
reflection in the x- axis: (2, -5), (-3/2, 1/2)
(ii) Find the co-ordinates of the images of the following points under
reflection in the y-axis:(-3/2, 1/2), (2,3)
(iii) Find the co-ordinates of the images of the following points under
reflection in the origin: (2, -5), (0,0)

(you may choose similar problems from your book)

 Numerical Problems on
Reflection

Sample Question 4.
Use graph for this (take 2 cm = 1 unit along both x and y-axis). ABCD is a
quadrilateral whose vertices are A (2, 2), B (2, -2), C (0, -1) and D (0, 1).
(i) Reflect quadrilateral ABCD on the y-axis and name it as A’B’CD.
(ii) Write down the coordinates of A’ and B’.
(iii) Name two points which are invariant under the above reflection.
(iv) Name the polygon A’B’CD.

(you may choose similar problems from your book)

 Numerical Problems on
Reflection

Sample Question 5.
(a)The point P (2, 3) is reflected in the line x = 4 to the point P’. (i) Find
the co-ordinates of the point P’,(ii) Find the image of the point P (1, -
2) in the line x = -1
(b)The point P ( -4, -5) on reflection in y-axis is mapped on P’. The point
P’ on reflection in the origin is mapped on P”. Find the co-ordinates of
P’ and P”. Write down a single transformation that maps P onto P”.

(you may choose similar problems from your book)

 Internal & External division of a
line segment
(Explain internal & external division of a line segment
with respect to a point using diagram)
 Section Formula
(write down the section formulae for internal division
of a line segment)
 Numerical Problems on
Section Formula
Sample Question 6.
The line segment joining A(-1,5/3) the points B (a, 5) is divided in the
ratio 1 : 3 at P, the point where the line segment AB intersects y-axis.
Calculate
(i) the value of a
(ii) the co-ordinates of P
(you may choose similar problems from your book)
 Mid-point Formula
(write down the midpoint formula to find the mid-point of a line
segment also derive it from section formula as a special case)

(for derivation you may take the help of your text book)
 Numerical Problems on
Mid-point Formula

Sample Question 7.
Find the co-ordinates of the mid-point of the line segments joining the following
pairs of points:
(i) (2, – 3), ( – 6, 7)

(ii) (5, – 11), (4, 3)

(iii) (a + 3, 5b), (2a – 1, 3b + 4)

(you may choose similar problems from your book)
 Numerical Problems on
Mid-point Formula

Sample Question 8.
AB is a diameter of a circle with centre C ( – 2, 5). If point A is (3, – 7).
Find:

(i) the length of radius AC.

(ii) the coordinates of B

(you may choose similar problems from your book)

 Median, Centroid
(Give the idea of median and centroid of a triangle
using diagram)
 Formula to find the
centroid of a triangle
(write down the formula to find the centroid of a triangle also derive
it using section formula)

(for derivation you may take the help of your text book)
 Numerical Problems on
Median & Centroid

Sample Question 9.

Calculate the length of the median through the vertex A of the triangle
ABC with vertices A (7, – 3), B (5, 3) and C (3, – 1)

(you may choose similar problems from your book)

 Straight Line
(Define a straight line and give minimum criteria to
draw a straight line)
 Inclination, Slope/ Gradient
Explain inclination and slope of a line with diagram
and give one example of how to find out inclination
and slope of a line
Numerical Problems on
Inclination/Slope:

Sample Question 10.

Find the inclination of a line whose gradient is

(i) 1
(ii) √3
(iii) 1/√3

(you may choose similar problems from your book)

Inclination, Slope/ Gradient
(Write the formula to find the slope/gradient of a
straight line with two given points also derive it)
 Equation of the axes
Write down the equation of both the axes also
mention why it is so.
 Straight Line parallel to x-axis
Write the equation of a straight line parallel to x-axis.
(Mention the geometrical interpretation of constant
present in the equation)
 Straight Line parallel to y-axis
Write the equation of a straight line parallel to y-axis.
(Mention the geometrical interpretation of constant
present in the equation)
Numerical Problems on Straight
Line Parallel to Coordinate Axes:

Sample Question 11.

Find the equation of a straight line parallel to y-axis which is at a

distance of:
(i) 3 units to the right
(ii) 2 units to the left.

(you may choose similar problems from your book)

 Slope-intercept form
(Descibe the intercepts and write down the Slope
intercept form and give one eaxmple)
 Numerical Problems on Slope-
intercept form:

Sample Question 12.

The equation of the line PQ is 3y – 3x + 7 = 0

(i) Write down the slope of the line PQ.
(ii) Calculate the angle that the line PQ makes with the positive direction
of x-axis.

(you may choose similar problems from your book)

 Point-slope form
(Write the Point-slope form and give one example )
 Numerical Problems on Point-
slope form:

Sample Question 13.

Find the value of p, given that the line y/2 = x – p passes through the
point (– 4, 4)

(you may choose similar problems from your book)

 Two-point form
(Write the Two-point form and give one example )
 Numerical Problems on Two-
point form:

Sample Question 14.

Write down the equation of the line whose gradient is 3/2 and which
passes through P where P divides the line segment joining A (– 2, 6) and
B (3, – 4) in the ratio 2 : 3
(you may choose similar problems from your book)
 Linear Equations are the only
representation of Straight Lines
(From different equations of different from of straight
lines conclude that straight can be represented by
linear equations only )
 Intersection of two
straight lines
(Mention that intersection of two straight lines is
always a point and give the idea how to find the
intersection of two straight lines)
Problems on Intersection
of two straight lines
Sample Question 15.

Find the equation of a straight line passing through the intersection of

2x + 5y – 4 = 0 with x-axis and (0,5)

(you may choose similar problems from your book)

Condition for Parallel Lines
(Write the condition for parallel straight lines & derive )
Condition for Perpendicular Lines

(Write the condition for perpendicular straight lines & derive )

 Problems on Parallel &
Perpendicular Lines
Sample Question 15.
Find the equation of the line passing through the intersection of the lines 4x + 3y = 1 and
5x + 4y = 2 and
(i) parallel to the line x + 2y – 5 = 0
(ii) perpendicular to the x-axis.

(you may choose similar problems from your book)

 Applications of Coordinate
Geometry in Real Life
(Give some examples of uses of coordinate geometry in
real life )
 Conclusion
Summarize the main idea of the project & conclude it
Thank you