ARTISTS

AND
ARTISAN
Artists
 The word “artist” is generally defined as an art practitioner, such as a painter, sculptor,
choreographer, dancer, writer, poet, musicians, and the like, who produces or creates indirectly
functional arts with aesthetic value using imagination.

 Artists are creative individuals who use their imagination and skills to communicate in an art
form.

 Artists look to many sources for inspiration

Artisans
 An artisan is a craftsman, such as carpenter, carver, plumber, blacksmith, weaver,
embroiderer, and the like, who produce directly functional and/or decorative arts.

 The artisan’s works are useful, relevant, and essential in our everyday life. They serve us
for a long time, supplying us with directly functional arts.
 THREE STAGES OF CREATIVE PROCESS

1. Germination
 It is the initial moment when you conceive the next project in your life. It is the moment
with a lot of energy coming out of the future you envision.

 In the germination stage, you are planting the seeds of your creation. The most
important and difficult thing in this stage is choosing.

 It may be a painful process, but it is necessary in any case.

 It is also important to choose what you want to do instead of avoiding what you do not
want to do. You will have to take in your own power and not to give it circumstances
2. Assimilation
 It is a crucial step in the creative process. During this phase you will internalize and assimilate or incorporate
the idea you want to create. Plan, analyze it, and cultivate it with all available resources.

 The assimilation stage of the creative process follows an organic path, with its own rhythms and needs. Sometimes
it will look like everything is working in order and in harmony.

 But you need to be critical in this process and do not adapt it to your convenience. Otherwise, you will be
unsuccessful and put the whole project in danger.

3. Completion
 It is a difficult time because your energy will be small and likely dispersed with a new vision. Put a deadline to your
projects and do not get entangled in small and never-ending details.
 THE PRODUCTION PROCESS
The Production Process consists of three parts:

1. Preproduction
 Pertains to the ideation process of the artist
 May take time or be quick as lightning
 Sometimes seep into production stage
 May not necessarily be fully formulated and maybe explored while doing the artwork
 May overlap the production in terms of gathering and sourcing of materials

2. Production
 Execution of the artwork
 May vary depending on the medium and technique of the artist
 May overlap of preproduction in terms of gathering and sourcing of materials
3. Postproduction
 Includes allowing the artwork to set, tweaking the artwork, preparing the artwork
for transport and display, and promotion and inclusion of the artwork in
publications and discussions

 Consideration of how the finished artwork will be circulated and accepted by the
target audience
 THE ART WORLD
Individuals and Groups that are part of the Art World:

1. Artists and Artist Group

 Producers of artwork

 Artist groups are social fellowships that enable collaborations and exchange of knowledge,
skill and technique

2. Art Academy
 The academe is the formal institution for instruction about art practice and production

 The first academy of the arts in the Philippines was the Academia Dibujo y Pintura, established by
Damian Domingo
3. Art Writer (Art Historians, Art Critic)
 Art historians and art critics write about art

 The main aim of the art historians is to contextualize artworks in their place and time in
history

 Art critics write about art to help the public understand and appreciate art

4. Art Collectors
 Art collectors are the patron of art

 They buy finished artworks or commission artist to create specific artworks for their desired
purposes
5. Art Institutions
 Focus on the development and/or preservation of art.

 They may be private organizations or government-mandated organizations

 They can be housed in the academe or in art museums or galleries

6. Art Museums and Galleries

 Common platform for the exhibition of arts

 They house important artwork and artifacts

7. Art Curators
 Responsible for organizing exhibitions in galleries or museums

 They are responsible for researching and developing themes for exhibitions

 They are responsible for coordinating with artist

8. Public
 The public is the general audience of the art world

 Today, the art scene id continuously opening itself to the public from small shows to the
independent group to grand exhibitions by big names in the industry
MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUE OF THE ARTS
Medium

 Refers to the material or means which the artist uses to objectify one’s feelings or thoughts.

 The nature of the medium determines the way it can be manipulated and turned into a work
of art.

 Each medium has inherent limitations as well as potential

 The nature of the medium determines what can be express through it

 Each medium has its own range of character which determines the particular appearance of the
finished product
Technique

 Refers to an artist’s knowledge of his medium and his skill in

making it achieve what he wants it too

 Artist differ in technique even though they may be using the same
medium
CATEGORIES BASED ON MEDIUM (Ortiz et al., 1976)

1. VISUAL ART/SPACE ART

 Medium which can be seen and occupy space

1.1 TWO DIMENSIONAL

a. PAINTING – a process of applying pigment on a smooth surface (paper, cloth, canvas, wood
or plaster) to secure an interesting arrangement of forms lines and color.

PAINTING MEDIUMS

1. ENCAUSTIC- one of the early mediums is the application of a

mixture of the half beeswax, resin and ground pigment to any porous
surface. It is followed by the application of heat to set the colors and
bind them to the surface. Egyptians, Greeks and Romans used encaustic
to paint portraits in a coffin.
2. TEMPERA PAINTS - are earth or mineral pigments
mix with egg yolk and egg white. It is most often used
in the past in painting vellum in the production of books.
Now, tempera is normally applied in wooden panels
carefully covered with gesso, a combination of gypsum or
chalk and gelatin glue.

3. FRESCO PAINTING - is the application of earth

pigments mixed with water on a plaster wall while the
plaster is damp. Color sinks into the surface and
becomes an integral part of the wall permanently.

THE LAST JUDGEMENT BY MICHAEL ANGELO

4. WATERCOLOR - tempered paint made with pure ground
pigment bound with gum Arabic. Painters apply watercolor in
thin, almost transparent film. The surface of paper then shows Seashore sunset
through, giving a delicate, luminous texture to the painting.

5. OIL PAINTING - pigment ground on linseed oil is applied

to primed canvas. Oil is a very flexible medium and can be
applied using a brush, airbrush, palette knife, or even with bare
hands.
6. SYNTHETIC PAINTS - using acrylic polymer emulsions
as binders are the newest and the ones that are widely
used by today’s painters. Acrylic combines transparency and
quick-drying characteristics of watercolor and the flexibility
of oil.
b. MOSAIC - wall or floor decorations made of small cubes of
irregularly cut pieces of colored stone or glass called tesserae.
These are fitted together to form a pattern and glued on a
surface with plaster or cement.

c. STAINED GLASS - developed as a major art when it

appeared as an important part of the Gothic cathedral. It is
translucent glass colored by mixing metallic oxides into the
molten glass or by fixing them into the surface of a clear glass.
d. TAPESTRY - these are fabrics into which colored
designs have been woven. Walls of palaces, castles and
chapels in Europe were decorated in the middle ages with
tapestries.

e. DRAWING - is the most fundamental of all skills needed in visual art. A drawing may be a
study, sketch, cartoon, or finished work in itself. Drawing can be done using graphite
(pencil), pen and ink, pastel, chalk, charcoal, crayons, or silverpoint.

f. PRINTMAKING - is a graphic image that results from a duplicating process. Each print is
an original work, not a reproduction
Recognition and Award for Artist and Artisan

1. Gawad sa Manlilikhang Bayan (GAMABA) National Living Treasure Award

The award was institutionalized in 1992 through Republic Act No. 7335. The National
Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCAA), which is the highest policy-making and coordinating body of the Philippines
for culture and the arts, was tasked with the implementation.
 HOW DOES ONE BECOME A MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN?
To become a Manlilikha ng Bayan, an individual or group candidate must: a. Possess a mastery of tools and
materials needed for the traditional, folk art and be a maker of works of extraordinary technical quality;

1. Have consistently produced works of superior quality over significant period;

2. Have engaged in a traditional and folk art which has been in existence and documented for at least fifty (50)
years;

3. Command respect and inspire admiration of the country with his character and integrity;

4. Must have transferred and/or willing to transfer to other members of the community the skills in the traditional
and folk arts for which the community has become nationally known.

5. However, a candidate who, due to age or infirmity, has left him/her/them incapable of teaching further
his/her/their craft, may still be recognized provided that he/she/they must possess the qualifications as enumerated
above.
Duties and Responsibilities of Awardees
The Manlilikha ng Bayan is a link between the past, in which his/her traditional folk art found fertile
soil for growth, and the future, during which he/she seeks his/her art to be permanently sustained. It becomes
his/her responsibility, therefore, to undertake the following:

(a) to transfer the skills of his/her traditional folk art to the younger generation through apprenticeship and
such other training methods as are found to be effective;

(b) to cooperate with the implementing agency, as provided for in Sec. 7 of this Act in the promotion and
propagation of his/her traditional folk arts; and

(c) to donate to the National Museum a sample or copy of his/her work.

Below are the recipients of the GAMABA Award:
2. National Artist

National Artist of the Philippines

The order of the National Artists is considered to be the highest national recognition for
individuals who contributed to the development of Philippine arts. The NCCA and the Cultural Center of the
Philippines together administer this award. The President of the Philippines grants this award to an artist after both
institutions give recommendations for this particular artist. This began in 1972 when Presidential Proclamation no.
1001, s. 1972 was enacted to recognize Filipino who made exceptional contributions to Philippine arts and letters.
Painter Fernando Amorsolo was awarded the same year, making him the first national Artist.
The National Commission for Culture and the Arts and the Cultural Center of the Philippines have set criteria for
the order of national artists. These criteria are as follows:

1. Living artists who are Filipino citizens at the time of nomination, as well as those who died after the establishment of
the award in 1972 but were Filipino citizens at the time of their death;

2. Artists who, through the content and form of their works, have contributed in building a Filipino sense of
nationhood;

3. Artists who have pioneered in a mode of creative expression or style, thus earning distinction and making an impact
on succeeding generations of artists;

4. Artists who have created a substantial and significant body of work and/or consistently displayed excellence in the
practice of their art form thus enriching artistic expression or style; and
5. Artists who enjoy broad ace through:

• prestigious national and/or international recognition, such as the Gawad CCP Para sa Sining, CCP Thirteen Artists
Award and NCCA Alab ng Haraya;

• Critical acclaim and/or reviews of their works;

• Respect and esteem from peers.

Truly, the Order of National Artists plays a vital role in the development of Philippine arts in the
contemporary setting. This part is divided into three lessons to help understand the roles of each National Artist and
their contribution to contemporary arts. Insert pic of emblem of the order of the national artist of the Phils.