Family Folio

Year 10 – Human Centred Design

Brisbane Girls Grammar School

Due September 11, 2023
“ Human-centered design is all about building a
deep empathy with the people you're designing
for; generating tons of ideas; building a bunch
of prototypes; sharing what you've made with
the people you're designing for; and eventually
putting your innovative new solution out in the
world.

2
Respond to the following question: How can the design of a product, service or an
environment help a family member in your household?

CONTEXT
The context of this project is human-
centred design (HCD). Fundamental
to HCD is the principle that a
designer considers human needs and
wants as a higher priority than other
influences throughout the design
process. The success of designs will
depend on effectively considering the
attitudes, expectations, motivations
and experiences of your family.
TASK
Use designing with empathy as an approach to
understand and experience the needs and
wants of a member of your household.
This will require you to:
▫ Identify stakeholder/s who must be a family
member in your household
▫ Apply the HCD process to respond to their
needs and wants using design with empathy
techniques
▫ Interacting with your identified
stakeholder/s throughout the process will be
important.

i
 PRODUCT SERVICE ENVIRONMENT
Respond to the a designed solution; a less
in Technologies, a designed a designed solution; a place
following solution; a tangible end tangible outcome (compared or space; may be
question: result of a human, to products) of processes to constructed or digital;
construction, mechanical, meet a need or want; services related to architecture,
may involve development or
How can the manufacturing or digital
maintenance of a system, e.g.
interior design, landscape
design of a process; created by
cloud computing (software as
architecture, digital media
practical application of design
product, service knowledge and skills;
a service), communication,
transportation and water
or an management; services can be
environment communicated by charts,
help a family diagrams, models, posters and
member in your procedures

household?

4
 Explore Develop
needs, wants, Problem DESIG Idea Concepts
DESIGN
PROPOSA
opportunities definition N L
BRIEF
Use drawing and
D D prototyping skills
IV DESIGN IV

T
N

N
CRITER
E E

E
IA
R R
G

G
T G R T G

R
E E
E

E
N N
V

V
N

N
O

O
C

C
Double Diamond
 Explore
DESIG
N DESIGN
Family Folio
BRIEF
Develop PROPOSA
L

Explore & Develop

DESIGN
CRITERI
A

User
feedback User
feedback
Breakdown task – Observations & Project Existing ideas
Frameworks interviews Ideas research Concept sketches Final Proposal (prep)

Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8

S S
D D

W1/T3 W2/T3 W3/T3 W4/T3 W5/T3 W6/T3 W7/T3 W8/T3

Identify & mind Understandin Design Ideation Prototyping & Evaluate
map household g users brief & sketching development against
criteria criteria
Four Empathy User
Pleasure maps feedback

Due date Wednesday

S
D
= stand down period August 31st W8
 Explore
DESIG
N DESIGN
Family Folio
BRIEF
Develop PROPOSA
L

Explore & Develop

DESIGN
CRITERI
A

User User
feedback Existing feedback
Breakdown
task – Observations Project ideas Concept CHECKPOI Final Proposal
Frameworks & interviews Ideas research sketches NT (prep)

Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9

S S S S

EKK
A
D D D F

W1/T3 W2/T3 W3/T3 W4/T3 W5/T3 W6/T3 W7/T3 W8/T3

Identify & Ideation
Understanding Design Prototyping & Evaluate
mind map sketching
users brief & development against
household
criteria criteria
Four Empathy User
Pleasure maps feedback

Due date Week 10

S
= stand down period SF = student free day Monday Sep 12th
D
Potential page layout This is only a SUGGESTION. Layout pages as you see
fit
Explore & Develop
1 2 3 4 5

User information
Frameworks/User Empathy Maps /User P,M,I framework Design Brief &
/Interviews &
information Information /Project ideas Criteria
Observations

6 7 8 9 10

Existing Ideas Ideation Ideation Concept Concept

11 12 13 14 15

Prototype
Final Proposal Board Final Evaluation Spare Spare
/Development
First Steps:
• Download the task sheet from Minerva

• Create a digital folio template (A3)

• Write down following for homework:

• Summarise the task in 4-6 sentences

• Define HCD in 2-4 sentences A3 dimensions = 297 x 420mm

• Watch YouTube video: How to do Awesome User Interviews

Who?
Desktop Study

Who are the potential stakeholders? Who lives in your house hold? What are their demographics?

What do your household members do within the house? What are their interests?

What are the basic needs of your household? What are the luxury wants of your household?

b ra in sto rming y our household

s to be g in
se th e a bo ve prompting question
U
 Demographic the stakeholder
Who lives in your household?

AGE
Age groups maybe identified in very pacific terms for example 18
to 25-year-
olds or more broadly such as young adults or baby boomers

Socioeconomic status
This refers to the financial and social position of the user, usually
identified by
employment status, salary level or educational background

Interests
This covers a vast range of categories and subcategories, includi
ng music, sport
and fashion. Target users might be in an association of professionals
or an
organisation for people who share common interest
Household Teacher Example

Household members include:

▫ 3 Adults
▫ 2 Teenagers Age range 10 to 74 y/o
▫ 1 Child

Household activities/routines
▫ Child & teenagers
▪ Studying, sport/music practice, playing games & spending time
with friends
▫ Adults
▪ Resting, house errands, working from home, hosting friends,
transporting kids

Basic needs:
▫ Food, water, shelter, clothing, sleep, security
Luxury wants:
▫ Hot and cold running water, electricity, internet, flushing toilets
Tips & Tricks – user interviews
 Four Pleasure Framework
The four – pleasure framework was first proposed by Dr Lionel Tiger in the
early 1990s. He based his research on the interactions between users and
product. It is a theory that divides the feelings of pleasures that are derived from
design into four categories. The framework was designed to organise thoughts
about users, rather than rather than creating inflexible categorisations, and aimed
to help designers tap into sociological theory

Socio-pleasure Physio-pleasure
Is derived from social Is derived from the feel of
interaction a design during use

Psycho-pleasure Ideo-pleasure
Is derived from the Is derived from designs
cognitive demands of that are aesthetically
using a product or service pleasing by appealing to
and the emotional the consumers values
reactions engendered
through the experience of
using it
Example of student using it to better understand how her family
feels about their house
Socio-pleasure - Is derived from social interaction.
•Products and services can facilitate social interaction in a number of ways.
•Examples include:
•Email, internet and mobile phones that facilitate communication between people.
•Products may promote social interaction by being conversation starters, for example, jewelry, artwork or furniture.
•Clothing can communicate social identity and indicate that a person belongs to a particular social group.

Physio-pleasure - Is derived from the feel of a product during use

•Examples include:
•wearing a silk garment or the smooth feel of an iPod/iPhone,
•taste such as eating chocolate
•smell of leather, a new car, coffee or freshly baked bread

Psycho-pleasure - Is derived from the cognitive demands of using a product or service and the emotional reactions engendered through the experience of using it.
•The outcome may also be more emotionally satisfying and less stressful.
•Examples include:
•it might be expected that a word processor that facilitated quick and easy accomplishment of tasks would provide a higher level of psycho-pleasure than one with which the
user was likely to make many errors. The former word processor should enable the user to complete the task more easily than he or she would with the latter.

Ideo-pleasure - Is derived from products that are aesthetically pleasing by appealing to the consumer’s values.
•Values could be philosophical or religious or may relate to some particular issue such as the environment or a political movement.
•These values can be embodied in products.
•Examples include:
•A product made from biodegradable materials might be seen as embodying the value of environmental responsibility.
 Socio
Where do you like to host friends/family at home?

Ideo
e?
Are any values you hold on display within your hom

Developing Q’s Physio

What/where brings you joy within the home?
Using the Four Pleasure Framework

Psycho
Do you find anything difficult to
use or understand in the home?

In groups, begin developing questions for household users using the

!
Four Pleasure Framework. d evelop more
Examples -

We will share our questions in 10 minutes!

Interviews & Observations
▫ Now that you have collected interview and observation data,

you need to sift through and to make sense of the information

you have.

▪ How will you clearly layout your data on a folio page?

▪ Synthesise what data is relevant to the project

▪ Ensure it is clear which user responded to what

questions
▫ Lastly, write a summary about the user/s you are moving

forward with and explain why

 Interviews & Observations
Potential categories/breakdown/layouts

General observations

Favourite spaces/products/routines

Issues/dislikes/struggles

Desires/changes/improvements

ts
Household spaces/environmen

Users POVs/needs & wants/ P, M, I

Understanding
Users
Knowing your target users is the key to a
great user experience. You simply can't
design a custom experience unless you have
a deep understanding of the people using it.

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Empathy Mapping
Label your 4 quadrants: say, feel, think and do

Review your notes, pictures, audio, and video from your research/fieldwork and fill out each of the four quadrants
while defining and synthesising

What did the user SAY? Write down significant quotes and key words that the user said.

What did the user DO? Describe which actions and behaviours you noticed or insert pictures or drawing.

What did the user THINK? Dig deeper. What do you think that your user might be thinking?

How did the user FEEL? What emotions might your user be feeling? Take subtle cues like body language
and their choice of words and tone of voice into account.

Lastly summarise PAINS & GAINS for each user

What should be completed by end of week 2:

• Ensure you have individual information on each member of your

household (or 4-5) e.g. name, relationship, occupation, age, needs & wants

etc.

• Household summary e.g. how many people in the house, how do they use

the house, age ranges, needs, luxury wants etc.

• Summary of the task you have been set (straight from task sheet)

• Description of what Human Centred Design is

• Interview and observation data inserted into your folio (4 pleasure

framework)

• Empathy maps have been completed on 2 x potential users

User Feedback How will you
gather user
What is the purpose of user feedback? feedback at this
It helps you understand what your users think and feel when
point in the Design
they use your product, builds empathy for their experiences, and
gives you actionable insight into what's working well—or not so Process?
well. User feedback helps you answer questions like: What do
our users think of X product or Y feature?
Project Ideas

Plus, Minus, Interesting

USE THE TEMPLATE IN VCD TEXTBOOK AS DRAFT VERSION FOR ACTIVITY

Arrange the positive and negative features of your users

household based on data you have collected. Use the
‘interesting’ section to identify what might be changed when
developing this idea further

Interesting

Plus Minus
Project Idea development

Plus, Minus, Interesting

Plus Minus
• White tiles requires

• Open floor plan • Larger couch regular cleaning

• Cleaning robot
• Large deck for • Stair assistance • Back steps is hard for old
for dog
entertaining • Enclosing dog and carrying laundry
laundry •
• Large island bench is •
Exposed laundry gets
Pully system
from upstairs to dirty
good when prepping food downstairs
and entertaining while • Lounge is not large

still cooking Interesting enough when everyone is

home

Using P,M,I framework as a design thinking strategy to generate project ideas

Project Ideas – based on P,M,I

From your interesting list, decide on 3

project ideas that you as the designer feel
could improve the household. Ideas DO NOT need to be refined or fully thought
Provide:
through at this point. It is a very loose idea and you
• A brief description of project idea
want your user to provide feedback before you put time
• Strengths and limitations of the idea
and effort into expanding on the project idea
• GATHER USER FEEDBACK to
guide you into brief and criteria

25
 Write a design brief identifying the

Design Brief & Criteria project your client has chosen, needs
and wants to consider, and set the scene
of the project
DC’s need to be relevant, essential and
mapped to principle of good design

Innovative Understandable
A concise description of the features of a problem that clarifies the need, want or
Aesthetic Less is Better opportunity to be resolved; indicates the ways forward to solving the problem; provides a
basis from which students can apply some or all of the stages of the design process.

Useful Honest Design Brief

Sustainable Thorough Provide explicit information to enable the evaluation of the appropriateness of design ideas
and concepts; are identified by investigating stakeholders’ needs and wants together with the
principles of good design
Long-lasting Unobtrusive
Design Criteria

PRINCIPLE OF GOOD DESIGN Discriminating; showing intellectual perception; showing good judgment; making
thoughtful and astute choices; selected for value or relevance

Discerning
 Design Brief & Criteria
You are to write your official design brief and design
criteria specific to your client and problem you are
trying to solve for them Criteria:
4-6 statements explaining specifically
what the final product MUST do
Brief:
• 3-5 sentences explaining the design problem
Functions, size, shape, inclusions,
• General situation (why there’s a problem)
materials, colours, textures, features
• Specific problem
etc.
• What you will be designing
• Who it’s for
 Design Brief
A concise description of the features of a problem that clarifies the
need, want or opportunity to be resolved; indicates the ways forward Example
to solving the problem; provides a basis from which students can
apply some or all of the stages of the design process. Good lighting when studying or reading is
Design Brief
essential, because it can affect you in many
ways. If there’s not enough light, your eyes
Brief: will try to sharpen the image and you will
• 3-5 sentences explaining the design problem end up with eye strain and fatigue. Bronte
• General situation (why there’s a problem) needs a personal lighting device that is
• Specific problem practical and aesthetically pleasing to be
• What you will be designing used in her bedroom while she is studying
• Who it’s for architecture at university.
 Identify which

Design Criteria
Innovative Understandable

Principle of Good Aesthetic Less is Better

Design your criteria Useful Honest

fall into Sustainable Thorough

Long-lasting Unobtrusive

PRINCIPLE OF GOOD DESIGN

Provide explicit information to enable the evaluation of the
Design appropriateness of design ideas and concepts; are identified by
investigating stakeholders’ needs and wants together with the principles
of good design
Example
Criteria:
Criteria
The design must:
• 4-6 statements explaining specifically what the
final product MUST do • Sufficient lighting so that Bronte can work

• Relating to the clients requirements and at night

principles of good design • Sturdy and easy to turn on and off

• Functions, size, shape, inclusions, materials, • Illuminate an A3 sheet on the study desk
• Match a modern industrial aesthetic style
colours, textures, features etc.
• Use sustainable and enduring materials
 PRINCIPLES OF GOOD DESIGN
Aesthetic
The aesthetic quality of a product is
integral to its usefulness because products
we use every day affect our person and our
well-being. But only well-executed objects
can be beautiful.
Aesthetic judgment is concerned with the
sensory impact or appeal of a product,
service or environment. Elements and
principles of visual communication are
used to enhance visual aesthetic
Understandable
how well a design communicates its
intended function without unnecessary
elements, embellishment or decoration. It
clarifies the products structure. Better still,
it can make the product talk. At best, it is
self-explanatory.
Less is Better
Less, but better - because it concentrates on
the essential aspects, and the products are
not burdened with non-essentials. Back to
purity, back to simplicity.
Useful
how well the design fulfils its intended
purpose. A product is bought to be used. It
has to satisfy certain criteria, not only
functional, but also psychological and
aesthetic. Good design emphasises the
usefulness of a product whilst disregarding
anything that could possibly detract from
it.
Honest
It does not make a product more
innovative, powerful or valuable than it
really is. It does not attempt to
manipulate the consumer with promises
that cannot be kept.
Sustainable
Design makes an important contribution to
the preservation of the environment. It
conserves resources and minimises
physical and visual pollution throughout
the lifecycle of the product.
Thorough
Nothing must be arbitrary or left to
chance. Care and accuracy in the design
process show respect towards the
consumer.
derived from Dieter Rams
Innovative
new and original; introducing new ideas;
original and creative in thinking. The
possibilities for innovation are not, by any
means, exhausted. Technological
development is always offering new
opportunities for innovative design. But
innovative design always develops in
tandem with innovative technology, and
can never be an end in itself.
Unobtrusive
Products fulfilling a purpose are like tools.
They are neither decorative objects nor
works of art. Their design should therefore
be both neutral and restrained, to leave
room for the users self-expression.
Long-lasting
It avoids being fashionable and therefore
never appears antiquated. Unlike
fashionable design, it lasts many years –
even in today’s throwaway society
 Design Brief:
When choosing a style of activewear such as shorts or bike-
pants, many options only focus on either the functionality
Brief & Criteria
or aesthetic purposes, rarely a combination. While aspects
Example
such as sweat absorbent material or compression features
are important, the aesthetic outlook plays an equally
important part in the overall design of the item as well,
making it difficult for stakeholder’s to express their style as
well as ensuring their comfort. I will be designing a pair of
shorts for girls aged 10-16 that allows them to demonstrate
to others their style but at the same time, caters to the
details of activewear and performance enhancing materials
and aspects. The type of material must be carefully
considered, in the aim to improve the runner’s performance.

Design Criteria: WHICH PGD DO THESE CRITERIA

FIT INTO?
1. The materials used must be sweat absorbent
2. Must fit a wide variety of shaped bodies
3. Should incorporate bright colours (aesthetic)
4. Must include a flexible waistband with drawstrings
5. Should have slits on sides of shorts for movement
6. Should be durable and environmentally friendly-
 Explore Develop
needs, wants, Problem DESIG Idea Concepts
DESIGN
PROPOSA
opportunities definition N L
BRIEF
Use drawing and
D D prototyping skills
IV DESIGN IV

T
N

N
CRITER
E E

E
IA
R R
G

G
T G R T G

R
E E
E

E
N N
V

V
N

N
O

O
C

C
Double Diamond
Existing Product
Research
When researching existing products, it is important to focus on
those that may contribute in some way, to a new or improved
design. Existing or similar products, may have functions and
features you find of interest or partly solve the design problem
you are working on
 Existing Product Research
▫ Find a WIDE RANGE of images and know that there is no limit on the
amount of images

▪ You may wish to spread this task out over 2 pages

▪ Good quality images are necessary, avoid blurry pictures!

▫ Leave space around your images for annotations (customise slide to A3
dimensions)

▪ You can print out these pages and write your annotations by hand
and scan back in
▫ Annotations can focus on strengths, limitations, opportunities, materials,
links to client interviews, links to DC etc.

▪ Perhaps you could colour code your annotations for clarity

 IDENTIFY JUSTIFY RELATE

Open storage allows users to

ISMG link
store laundry items above bench
space keeping the area clear to
do other laundry tasks such as
folding clothes
Storage in laundry allows users
to store items and keep bench
space clear

Storage space for users laundry

items

Space for storing items

Storage
S P
U
C SCAMPER
S
U C M
T E
L R
T
A
refers to a
series of
B O A O O I E
thought
sparkers or
A

S C A MP E R
S M D D M V
M
provocations
which help you N
to innovate on T B A I O I E
an existing
I I P F T N R
P
product, service
or situation by H
looking through T N T Y E A S
different lenses R
U E T E
E E U
S
E

R E
 WHAT IS SCAMPER?
Don’t settle for yo
ur first idea

▫ SUBSTITUTE - take something out and replace it with something else

▫ COMBINE - join two or more ideas together

▫ ADAPT - adjust to new conditions/purpose

▫ MODIFY - change the size

▫ PUT TO ANOTHER USE - how else could it be used?

▫ ELIMINATE - simplify, take something out

▫ REVERSE - turn it around, upside down, flip it, rotate it Push your ideas furth
er!
Quick Sketch You have 90 seconds per topic to sketch an idea

Classroom
Pet Enclosure Childs bed
storage

Travelling
Something for
Laundry with precious
house keys
jewellery
 Development
task
Using your Quick Sketch ideas you are to:
• Improve 2 different ideas using the
divergent thinking strategy
S.C.A.M.P.E.R (sketch improved ideas)
• Ensure you write an annotation
explaining which letter you have used
and WHY you think this has improved
your idea
• You have 5 minutes per idea, your
teacher will be timing
 Ideation Sketches
8+ ideas with annotations

Below instructions are simply a SUGGESTION

First 3 - COPY from a mood board image

Second 2-3 - S.C.A.M.P.E.R ideas from the mood board

Next # - Design your ideas using mood board as inspiration

lt ip le views o r single
2D o r 3 D , mu
Sign-post each idea with numbers and how you SCAMPER the
idea
Clear communication throughout
your folio is imperative.
Show the viewer what you have
done and WHY.

nking strategy
Combining = convergent thi
 Annotations
▫ After ideation comes concepts, therefore, importance of S, L & I annotations is imperative

Implications should be written with client in mind and

clear evaluation of how implication would benefit
them.

IMPLICATION FOR THE SAKE OF HAVING AN

IMPLICATION WILL NOT RESULT IN BEST GRADE
OUTCOME

IDENTIFY WHENEVER A DESIGN CRITERIA IS RELEVANT

 Ideation Sketch – layout suggestions

OPTION 1 OPTION 2
• 8+ ideation sketches (rough, lacking detail) • 5-6 ideation sketches (rough, lacking detail)

• • Annotations that add value (EXPLAIN what/why)

Annotations that add value (EXPLAIN what/why)
• Add an additional 3+ ideation sketches that have been
• Clear strengths, limitations and improvements
developed/improved from the original 5-6 ideation sketches
• Ensure each sketch is labelled
• Clear strengths, limitations and improvements
Optional to include SCAMPER at this stage in the process. • Ensure each sketch is labelled
You may wish to not introduce SCAMPER until concept
phase. Do what makes the most sense to you
 Concept Phase
• Choosing ideas to further develop

• Sketches of multiple views

• Client feedback

• Evaluation against design criteria

 Concept Sketching Multiple view
s – 3D and 2D

Outcome = 2 developed ideas

The concept page/s should be self explaining.

Your client should fully understand your concepts
through sketches and annotations

What to include:
• Explicit summary of where your idea came from
& how idea will be/has been improved
• Multiple views of each concept
• Annotations
• Evaluation against DC
• User feedback
Visual Guides 2 x concept idea
s

We are looking for clear layouts that utilise visual cues

General annotations
REFINEMENTS – what would you do to improve
idea if you continue with it?

a
Multiple views of concept ide
Render, line weight, backg
rounds etc.

DC evaluation

Clear summary of which concept will

continue
Has this decision come from your USER
FEEDBACK?
Criteria Evaluation What do you th
Has the design ink?
er met these cr
Evaluate, TEL
L ME WHY!
iteria?

Has this laundry space met the design criteria?

DC 1: The environment must include storage above and below the bench space What makes you say that?
DC 2: The environment should include a sink
Evaluation Rating Improvements
DC 3: The environment must provide an area for users to iron and fold clothes

DC1 –

DC2 –

DC3 –
 Quick Reflection
Ask yourself:

• Have I explained my decision-making through annotation (that refer to stakeholders and design features)?

• Have I used a wide range of methods, materials and media?

• Have I experimented with elements and principles of design, either individually or in combination with one another?

• Have I applied design thinking techniques such as SCAMPER?

• Have I referred to the brief and criteria to ensure that the designs are solving the design problem?

48
 1 or 2

ACT UPON Use sketching, low-fide

lity prototyping skills, or ra
A3 sheets

pid digital

FEEDBACK
prototyping to develop
idea - eliminate the we
aknesses.
You should consider SC
AMPER processes, utilis
e your existing product
mood boards and ideati
on (thumbnails) to inspir
e you and to combine
attributes to improve yo
ur concepts.
er
vided from your stakehold
Analyse the feedback pro
the DC’s?
• Is there a weakness/es in Does another existing idea or ideation sketch do a better job at the
n
u with comments or writte
• Did the client provided yo clients feedback? Can you combined ideas and steal attributes of
feedback?
o concepts personally?
another idea to improve your own?
• Have you evaluated the tw

Act on feedback - sketching

, prototyping, digital protot
ype
 STUDENT EXAMPLE
ACT UPON
FEEDBACK
WHAT FEEDBACK DID
YOU RECIEVE?
How will you develop your
idea based on the feedback?
ACT on the feedback -
you might need some
extra research to assist
you or go back to your
mood board for

HOW WILLYOU DO THIS? Sketching, prototyping, digital prototype?

inspiration!
Final Proposal & Evaluation
Considerations: what you could include

•A3 paper – BUT don’t draw bigger - think of the size

•Multiple views/angles of the product
•Zoom in/close up areas of importance
•Orthographic views (relevant views)
•Simulation (put the item in its surrounding or in use)
•Rendered images, pen only images, blue pencil?
•Annotations identifying key design features (KDF)
•PAGE LAYOUT – not too busy – sell your product to the viewer
 THINGS TO THINK ABOUT

Visual Presentation Board MUSTS

Hero sketch
Multiple views
Brief product description

3-phase annotations

Render & line weight

Evaluation against DCs

Visual Presentation Board COULD

Background block
Title block
PLAN, PLAN, PLAN!
 In Pairs:
• Provide constructive
feedback
• If negative, provide a
solution
• Stick post-it notes to back
• Final group to present and
summarise findings