INTRODUCTION

Surface finish is one of the prime requirements of industrial machining.

The purpose of this project is focused on the analysis of optimum cutting conditions
to get lowest surface roughness in turning.

This paper presents an experimental study to investigate the effects of cutting paramete
like spindle speed, feed and depth of cut.

The objective was to establish correlation between cutting speed, feed rate and depth o
cut to optimize the turning conditions based on surface roughness.
Applications & Uses

 aerospace
 defense
 heavy equipment
 industrial process equipment
 medical devices
 pharmaceuticals
 metrology
 motion control (moving parts of machine)
SURFACE ROUGHNESS
• Surface finish also known as surface texture is the characteristics of a
surface

• Many industrial applications require surface roughness information to ensure

proper function of end products.

• Fast and accurate measurement and monitoring of surface roughness is

crucial to safeguard product quality of automotive applications such as brake
shoes and pads, friction plates, or sealing shafts, as well as electronics and
semiconductor applications such as lead frames or copper panels.

Symbol
METHODS OF MEASURING SURFACE
FINISH

 TOUCH INSPECTION

 VISUAL INSPECTION

 SCRATCH INSPECTION

 MICROSCOPIC INSPECTION

 SURFACE PHOTOGRAPHS

 MICRO INTERFEROMETER

 REFLECTED LIGHT INTENSITY

FUNDAMENTAL OF ROUGHNESS
TESTER
Roughness is a measurement of the small scale variation in the height
of a physical surface. It consists of surface irregularities which results
from the various machining process. These irregularities combine to
form surface texture.

PARAMETERS

• POWER SUPPLY
• AC ADAPTER
• ROUGHNESS TESTER
• STYLUS
• MILD STEEL
LITERATURE
SL. TITLE
REVIEW
AUTHORS WORK
NO
1 Evaluation of Surface Finish on Machining Of T.Senthil Kumar, The factors and the levels
Mild Steel Using High Speed Steel Tool in G.Mahadevan, that influencing are High
Lathe with Normal Coolant (Or) Nano Material T.R.Vikraman. speed and the interaction
Added Coolant. (2014) factor is High speed with
low feed . This shows that
the Surface Roughness is
low at the maximum speed
and at minimum feed

2 Analysis and Optimization of Surface Ravi Patel, Ankit Kumar, Optimal parameters for
Roughness in Turning Operation of Mild Steel Jitendra Kumar Verma. surface roughness the
using Taguchi Method. (2016) optimal parameters found
were spindle speed 225
rpm; feed 0.075mm/rev and
depth of cut 0.8 mm.
SL. NO TITLE AUTHORS WORK

3 Variation of surface roughness with feed rate J. N. Malleswara Rao, M. After conducting the
on mild steel components produced by C N C Sumalatha, V. V. S. Kesava experimental investigation
Lathe. (2016) Rao, V. Anurupa & G. on CNC Lathe with 6 nos.
Srivalli5 Mild Steel work pieces the
Surface Roughness value
(Ra) increases with the
increase in the Feed rate in
CNC Lathe.

4 Analysis of the Effects of Parameters on Mild Sachin Jangra, Mukesh
Steel (1018) During CNC Turning Using
Graph Theory. (2016)
From the experimental
Gupta, Raj Kumar result and analysis done one
can conclude that feed
influences the MRR most,
followed by speed followed
by depth of cut. Similarly,
in the case of Surface
roughness most influencing
factor is Depth of cut
followed by feed followed
by speed
PRESENT WORK
OBJECTIVES
• Preparation of test specimen samples.
• Analysis of Surface Roughness in Turning Operation of Mild Steel.
Materials and methods
Material: Mild Steel
• Dimension of welding plate: 40mm X 300mm

Machines Used:

• For Turning: Lathe Machine.

• For Facing: Lathe Machine.
• Surface Roughness tester.
• Tachometer.
Surface Roughness Tester:
• Measuring Range: 0.05-10 (micro metre)
• Tracing Length: 6 mm.
• Tracing Speed: 1.0 mm/sec
• Accuracy: +/-15%
• Operating Temperature: 0~40C
• Weight: 200 gm
Experiment
Factors:
• Spindle Speed (rpm)
• Feed (mm)
• DOC (mm)

Outcomes:
• surface Roughness (micro metre)

Objectives:
• Minimum surface roughness.
 EXPERIMENTAL DATA

SL.NO SPEED(rpm) FEED(mm) DOC (mm) Ra (μm)

1 242 0.05 0.5 6.634

2 242 0.10 1.0 6.432
3 460 0.05 0.5 4.784
4 460 0.10 1.0 4.282
5 635 0.05 0.5 3.336
6 635 0.10 1.0 3.281
Graph plot Ra vs DOC
Graph plot Ra vs RPM
 Plan of Action

We will also perform the Charpy Impact Test on the specimen.

We will also perform surface Hardness test.

We will also perform surface roughness test in CNC Lathe machine.

Conclusions
• We prepared the specimen for the Surface roughness test.
• This experiment shows that the Surface Roughness is low at the
maximum speed and at a minimum feed.
THANK YOU