Marshall

Cavendish
Cambridge
Primary Maths
(2nd Edition)
Stage
CHAPTER 1: 5
SPECIAL NUMBERS

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 A Prime and Composite Numbers
Learning Outcome: Understand and explain the difference between
prime numbers and composite numbers

Look at the marbles. What do you notice about the arrangement?

Tell your partner what the number of
marbles in each set are and whether
they can be arranged in equal rows.

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 (a) Prime Numbers

2, 3, 5 and 7 have exactly two factors each:

1 and itself.
Such numbers are called prime numbers.

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 (a) Prime Numbers
All the prime numbers from 1 to 100
are highlighted in green in the grid.

25 prime numbers
There are ______
from 1 to 100.

23 = 1 × 23
23
It has two factors: 1 and _____.

The next prime number after 29

31
is ______.

The prime number from 90 and 100

97
is ______.

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 (b) Composite Numbers

4, 6, 8 and 9 have more than two factors each.

Such numbers are called composite numbers.

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 (b) Composite Numbers
74
There are _______ composite
numbers from 1 to 100.

3
27 has factors, 1, _____, 9
_____
27
and _____.

The next composite number after

39
38 is _______.

There are ______

8 composite
numbers from 70 to 80.

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 B Tests of Divisibility
Learning Outcome: Use knowledge of factors and multiples to understand
tests of divisibility by 4 and 8

Eddy has 112 pencils. He wants

to share them equally between
Caz and Ron. Would they get
the same number of pencils?
What makes you say so?

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 B Tests of Divisibility

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 (a) Is There Any Cloth Left Over?
A 3728-m roll of cloth is cut into 4-m strips. Will there be any cloth left over?

Look at the last two digits in 3728.

28 is divisible by 4.
28 ÷ 4 = 7

By the test of divisibility, 3278 is divisible by 4.

3728 ÷ 4 = 932

So, the 3278-m roll of cloth can be cut into exactly 932 strips with no cloth
left over.

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 (b) Are There Any Oranges Left Over?
4568 oranges were harvested and packed into boxes of 8. Are there any
oranges left over?
An easier way is to apply the test of
divisibility by 8.
Look at the last three digits in 4568.
568 is divisible by 8.
568 ÷ 8 = 71
By the test of divisibility, 4568 is divisible by 8.
4568 ÷ 8 = 571
So, the 4568 oranges can be packed equally into 571 boxes of 8.
There are no oranges left over.
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