GUJARAT

TECHNOLOGY
UNIVERSITY

L.D. COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING

CIVIL
DEPARTMENT
CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT AND
AUTOMATION

TOPIC : DRONES
GROUP MEMBER

KISHAN CHAVDA-190280106025
CHINTAN DIORA-190280106041
MONTU GOHIL-190280106050
CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF DRONE
APPLICATION OF DRONES
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGE
INTRODUCTION
• DRONES ARE ALSO KNOWN AS UAV: UNNAMED AERIAL
VEHICLE
• IT IS AN AIRCRAFT WITHOUT AN ONBOARD PILOT,THUS THE
NAME UNNAMED AERIAL VEHICLE
• DRONES : DYNAMIC REMOTELY OPERATED NAVIGATION EQUIPMENT.
TYPES OF DRONES
.
• MULTI ROTOR DRONES
• FIXED WING DRONES
• SINGLE ROTOR HELICOPTER
• FIXED WING HYBRID VTOL
 SINGLE ROTOR DRONES
• SINGLE ROTOR DRONES ARE USED FOR
SURVEYORS AND CONSTRUCTION
PROFESSIONALS WHO WANT TO LIFT
HEAVIER PAYLOADS OF UP TO 40KGS
BECAUSE THE SINGLE ROTOR IS MORE
EFFICIENT IN THE LIFT AND USES LESS
BATTERY OR FUEL LIFE AS IT FLIES. THEY
CAN ALSO FLY FASTER THAN MULTI-
ROTORS.
• SINGLE ROTOR DRONES TEND TO BE
LARGER AND MORE COMPLEX THAN
OTHER TYPES OF DRONES,
ESPECIALLY MULTI-ROTOR MODELS.
• DRONES CAN BE UNSTABLE AND CAN HOVER OVER LARGE
AREAS. THEY CAN ALSO BE HARDER TO FLY THAN DRONES
WITH MULTIPLE ROTORS TO BALANCE THEM AND KEEP THEM
AIRBORNE. THESE DRONES CAN BE PURCHASED FOR
ANYWHERE FROM $25K UP TO $300K.
 MULTI ROTOR DRONES
• MULTI ROTOR DRONES ARE THE MOST
COMMON TYPES OF DRONES WHICH ARE
USED BY PROFESSIONALS AND
HOBBYISTS ALIKE. THEY ARE USED FOR
MOST COMMON APPLICATIONS LIKE
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY, AERIAL VIDEO
SURVEILLANCE ETC.
• OUT OF ALL THE 4 DRONE TYPES (BASED
ON AERIAL PLATFORM), MULTI-ROTOR
DRONES ARE THE EASIEST TO
MANUFACTURE AND THEY ARE THE
CHEAPEST OPTION AVAILABLE AS WELL.
• MULTI-ROTOR DRONES CAN BE FURTHER CLASSIFIED BASED ON
THE NUMBER OF ROTORS ON THE PLATFORM. THEY
ARE TRICOPTER (3 ROTORS), QUADCOPTER (4
ROTORS), HEXACOPTER (6 ROTORS) AND OCTOCOPTER (8
ROTORS). OUT OF THESE, QUADCOPTERS ARE THE MOST
POPULAR AND WIDELY USED VARIANT.
• FIXED WING
A FIXED WING DRONE
DRONE CONSISTS OF ONE
RIGID WING AND IS DESIGNED TO LOOK
AND WORK LIKE AN AIRPLANE.
• ADVANTAGES
• THE AVERAGE FLIGHT TIME IS A COUPLE
HOURS AND CAN GO UP TO AN IMPRESSIVE
16 HOURS OR MORE IF THE DRONE IS GAS
ENGINE POWERED
• FIXED WINGS CAN FLY AT A HIGH ALTITUDE
• THEY ARE MORE FORGIVING IN THE AIR
THAN OTHER MODELS
• AND HAVE THE ABILITY TO CARRY MORE
 DISADVANTAGE
• FIXED WING DRONES CAN BE EXPENSIVE
• TRAINING IS USUALLY REQUIRED TO FLY
THEM
• IN MOST CASES, A LAUNCHER IS NEEDED TO
GET A FIXED WING DRONE INTO THE AIR.
UTILIZING DRONE TECHNOLOGY IN THE
CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
• BUILDING SURVEYS
• TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING AND LAND SURVEYS
• CONSTRUCTION SITE INSPECTIONS
• EQUIPMENT TRACKING AND AUTOMATING
• REMOTE MONITORING AND PROGRESS REPORTS
• INTEGRATION OF LASER SCANNING AND AERIAL
PHOTOGRAMMETRY
• THERMAL IMAGING RECORDING
 BUILDING SURVEYS
• ALMOST EVERY BUILDING SURVEY OF THE BUILDING REQUIRES
THE VISIBILITY OF THE ROOF OF THE BUILDING IN ORDER TO
ASSESS ITS TECHNICAL CONDITIONS AND TO ASSESS ANY DEFECTS
OR FAILURES. IN MOST CASES, THE ASCENT TO THE ROOF IS
COMPLICATED, WHICH OFTEN REQUIRES THE USE OF
SCAFFOLDING, LADDERS OR OTHER AUXILIARY STRUCTURES,
WHICH MAY ULTIMATELY POSE A DANGER WHICH ARE BOTH
TIME CONSUMING AND COSTLY. USE OF A SMALL DRONE IN THESE
CASES CAN SAVE TIME, COSTS, REDUCE HEALTH AND SAFETY
RISKS WHICH ARE CONNECTED WITH THE BUILDING SURVEYING
OF THE ROOF STRUCTURE AND WITH ACCESSING TO COMPLEX OR
HARD TO REACH PARTS OF THE BUILDING’S ROOF.
 TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING AND
• SURVEYS
IN THE CASE OF PLANNING LARGE-SCALE AND COMPLEX
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS, CONSULTATION OF TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS
IS ESSENTIAL. TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS MAY REVEAL CONSTRUCTION
DESIGN ERRORS THAT ARE INAPPROPRIATE FOR TERRAIN.
ALTHOUGH TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS ARE USEFUL FOR CONSTRUCTION
PROJECTS, THEIR PRODUCTION IS OFTEN COSTLY AND TIME
CONSUMING. THE USE OF DRONES IS VERY EFFECTIVE IN THESE
CASES. DUE TO ITS ABILITY TO CAPTURE LARGE AMOUNTS OF DATA
IN A RELATIVELY SHORT TIME, IT LEADS TO SIGNIFICANT COST
SAVINGS AS WELL AS THE PROJECT COSTS REQUIRED FOR THESE
ACTIVITIES. DRONES, THANKS TO THEIR CAPABILITIES, ENSURE
PROJECT TIME, BUDGET AND ACCURACY. FURTHERMORE, FROM THE
HIGH QUALITY AERIAL IMAGES PRODUCED BY DRONES CAN BE
CREATED 3D MODELS OF THE SURFACE (DSM-DIGITAL SURFACE
MODEL) OR OF THE TERRAIN (DTM-DIGITAL TERRAIN MODEL)
 REMOTE MONITORING AND PROGRESS
• REPORTS
PROBABLY THE BIGGEST ADVANTAGE OF DRONES IN THE
CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY THEY CAN PROVIDE TO CLIENTS IS
THEIR VISIBILITY FROM THE AIR, FROM A GREAT HEIGHT AND
FROM ANY LOCATION. A CONSTANT DRONE FLIGHT ON THE
CONSTRUCTION SITE CAN REPRESENTS A QUICK WAY TO MAP THE
PROGRESS OF A PROJECT, ESPECIALLY WHEN THE CLIENTS ARE NOT
ABLE TO BE PHYSICALLY PRESENT ON A SITE. THANKS TO
MULTIPLE HIGH-RESOLUTION AERIAL IMAGES AND HD-QUALITY
VIDEOS, PROJECT DEVELOPERS CAN GET A BETTER OVERVIEW OF
PROJECT PROGRESS AT DAILY, WEEKLY OR MONTHLY ININTERVAL.
ACCORDING TO. IT’S RECOMMENDED TO FILM ONLY THOSE
AREAS OF THE NEW CONSTRUCTION WHERE THE BEST PROGRESS
IS ACHIEVED, UNLESS THE CLIENT STIPULATES OTHERWISE
SITE INSPECTION
• CONSTRUCTION SITE INSPECTION USING DRONES CAN BE A CONSIDERABLE TOOL
FOR PROJECT TEAMS. A PILOT WITH EXPERIENCES CAN USE THE DRONE TO IDENTIFY
ANY CONSTRUCTION OR TECHNICAL PROBLEMS ON THE CONSTRUCTION SITE AND
ALSO USING DRONES FOR INSPECTION PURPOSES IS POSSIBLE TO ENSURE THAT THE
PROJECT GOALS WILL GO ACCORDING TO PLAN. THE USE OF DRONES CAN SAVE
THOUSANDS OF EUROS IN THE CASE OF REBUILDS AND PLAN CHANGES. USING
DRONES CAN BE MUCH SAFER AS WELL BECAUSE IT ELIMINATES SPACES OR
AREAS ON THE CONSTRUCTION SITE THAT COULD POTENTIALLY BE DANGEROUS
TO ASSESS THE DAMAGE. DRONE DUE TO ITS ABILITY TO PERFORM VISUAL
INSPECTION OF HIGH RISK AREAS ON THE CONSTRUCTION SITE OR ON THE NEW –
EXIST BUILDING CAN SAVE TIME, REDUCE HEALTH AND SAFETY RISKS.