USING

APPROPRIATE
COHESIVE DEVICES
IN COMPOSING
AN INFORMATIVE
SPEECH
English 8 Quarter 1-Lesson 2
EXPECTATIONS

This lesson will help you learn and

understand: Using Appropriate
Cohesive Devices in Composing an
Informative Speech
PRETEST

Directions: Identify the cohesive

device used in each of the
sentences. Write the answer on
the space provided.
_____________1. Smoking is expensive; in addition, it is dangerous
to our health.
_____________2. Do not carry a large amount of money; however,
always carry a small purse with necessities.
_____________3. He got into a car accident because he was a
reckless driver.
_____________4. We must always log out after using our social
media accounts for security purposes.
_____________ 5. Be observant and always look around.
 In addition
_____________1. Smoking is expensive; in addition, it is dangerous
to our health.
However
_____________2. Do not carry a large amount of money; however,
always carry a small purse with necessities.
Because
_____________3. He got into a car accident because he was a
reckless driver.
After
_____________4. We must always log out after using our social
media accounts for security purposes.
And
_____________ 5. Be observant and always look around.
RECAP
We have learned in the previous lesson that
using parallel structure is using the same
grammatical form to express ideas of equal
importance. As a result, it makes our writing easier to
understand. Another important topic that you have
learned is the characteristic of a well-written
paragraph called coherence. You have learned that
coherence is the orderly arrangement of ideas. This
orderly arrangement of ideas can only be achieved
when all of the sentences in a paragraph flow
smoothly together.
LESSON
 In composing a paragraph, the sentences, ideas, and
details should fit clearly, so the readers can follow easily,
and writing is coherent.
Today, let us talk about using appropriate cohesive
devices to signal addition, contrast, sequence, and
consequence. Let us start defining what cohesive
devices are.
 COHESIVE DEVICES

Cohesive devices are words or phrases that

are used to signal to the reader what the
relationships are between the different clauses,
sentences, and paragraphs. There are different
uses of cohesive devices. Let us familiarize
ourselves with these uses.
THE FIRST ONE IS,

a. If we want to signal addition, we can use

cohesive devices such as and, also, too, as well
as, in addition, moreover, and furthermore.
FOR EXAMPLE:

Wearing of masks nowadays is a must; in addition,

proper social distancing has to be observed.
• Sarah enjoys playing soccer. In addition, she is a talented
musician who plays the piano and violin.
• Learning history helps us understand the past. In addition, it
allows us to make informed decisions for the future.
• Reading books for pleasure is a great hobby. In addition, it can
improve your vocabulary and comprehension skills.
• Math is an essential subject in school. In addition, it provides
problem-solving skills that can be applied to everyday life.
• Studying regularly is important for academic success. In addition,
it helps build discipline and time management skills.
 In this sentence, we have given extra
information by using the connector ‘in addition’. We
can also use other cohesive devices such as
additionally, also, and furthermore.
ANOTHER EXAMPLE IS,

Smoking is dangerous to our health;

moreover, it is expensive.
Again, the idea of being expensive is just
added to the first information, which is dangerous.
THE SECOND USE IS,

b. If we want to signal contrast, we can use

cohesive devices such as but, yet, however,
although, even though, despite, in spite of, on
the contrary, on the other hand, and in contrast.
FOR EXAMPLE:

Some citizens are afraid of the COVID-19

pandemic; however, they don’t seem to follow the
safety measures.
FOR EXAMPLE:

Some citizens are afraid of the COVID-19 pandemic;

however, they don’t seem to follow the safety measures.
In this sentence, we used ‘however’ to show
contrast. The second part of the sentence emphasizes
the issue of not following safety measures.
ANOTHER EXAMPLE IS,

The doctor advised him to give up smoking; on the

contrary, he didn’t seem to worry about his health.
Again, this sentence shows contrast since the person
didn’t seem to worry even if the doctor advised him to stop
smoking. Now, let’s talk about the other uses of cohesive
devices.
THE THIRD USE OF COHESIVE DEVICES
IS,
c. If we want to signal relation in time, we can use
the following cohesive devices such as first,
second, next, then, after, soon, later, now, and
finally.
FOR EXAMPLE:

Proper washing of hands is very important

after using the bathroom.
This sentence can tell the sequence of two
events because of the connector ‘after’.
ANOTHER EXAMPLE IS,

There are many ways to fight the virus. First,

we should take Vitamin C to boost our immune
system.
As you can see, the sentence tells what a
person should do first to fight the virus.
THE FOURTH USE IS,

d. If we want to signal consequence/result, we can

use words such as so, therefore, as a result,
consequently, because, and thus.
FOR EXAMPLE,

The number of COVID19 positive cases

increases because many people refuse to stay at
home.
This sentence can tell us the result of not
staying at home by using the connector ‘because’.
ANOTHER EXAMPLE IS,

The virus cannot be seen by our naked eye;

therefore, we have to take precautionary measures.
In this sentence, certain precautionary
measures should be taken into action as a result of
the invisible virus.
Lara became a company because of
her hard work.
GUIDED PRACTICE
Let’s try a few items as practice exercises. Identify the cohesive
device used in each sentence. Then, state the use of the cohesive
device. Let’s begin with this sentence:

Sentence 1:
Good personal hygiene keeps us healthy; also, it helps us build
self-confidence.
The answer is ‘also’. It is used to add information that
aside from keeping us healthy, good personal hygiene
helps us build self-confidence. Let us answer the next
sentence.
GUIDED PRACTICE

Sentence 2:
Although shopping online is convenient, online scamming seems
to be a problem.
The answer is ‘although’. You can see in the sentence
how something positive and negative is said about buying
online using the connector although.
GUIDED PRACTICE

Sentence 3:
Though we are experiencing this pandemic, we stay strong and
positive.
The connector ‘though’ is used to contrast the two ideas in
the sentence, which are ‘experiencing the pandemic’ and
‘staying strong and positive’.
Let’s practice what we have learned together. Once again,
identify the cohesive device used in each sentence. Then,
state the use of the cohesive device. Let’s begin.
Sentence 1:
For a moment we experience difficulties, and then we
become blessed.

Excellent! The connector ‘then’ is used to tell what

happens next after we experience difficulties.
Sentence 2:

The payment was received after it was due; therefore, a

late fee shall be charged.

Great! The connector ‘therefore’ is used to tell the result of

not paying on time.
Sentence 3:

This pandemic is highly alarming so most of us became

extra careful.

You’re right! The cohesive device ‘so’ is used to tell the

effect of the highly alarming pandemic.
ACTIVITY L2-A1
I. Identify the cohesive device used in each of the sentences. Write the
answer on the space provided.
___________1. Our government has implemented community
quarantine. However, most Filipinos are violating it.
___________2. Taking a walk every morning boosts your health; also,
it makes you feel stronger.
___________3. We should make it a habit to wash our hands before
we eat to help prevent the germs from getting into our bodies.
___________4. Disobeying the road signs is extremely
dangerous; on the contrary, following them may keep one safe
from any road accidents.
___________5. The people in Zambales follow the advice of their
municipalities. As a result, there is a zero-positive case in the
province.