Understanding

Exceptionalities

CHEASCA MAE ABELLAR

MA. BERNADETTE ALBERCA
What Are Exceptionalities?
Who's who?
• Definition of Exceptionalities
Refers to both disabilities and giftedness.
The state or condition of being exceptional, rare, one of a kind,
or unusually excellent.
Exceptional: An individual whose physical, mental, or
behavioral performance deviates so substantially from the average (higher
or lower) that additional support is required to meet the individual's needs

What are exceptionalities?

 Children who desire to They don’t learn the same way
have fun and learn

It takes a little extra to present the material an be

able to internalize by the individual with
They want to be seen exceptionalitiess

 According to Survey of Special Education mild to moderate disabilities the

SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES between normal individuals and
people with exceptionalities is that.

How are people with exceptionalities

different from “normal individuals”?

• The term exceptionalities in K–12
schooling refers to both disabilities
and giftedness. The Individuals with
Disabilities Education Act ’04 (IDEA
’04), the national law that guarantees
an appropriate education to students
with disabilities, recognizes fourteen
disability categories. These are:
Types of exceptionalities
● Autism
● Deaf-blindness
● Deafness
● Developmental delay
● Emotional disturbance
● Hearing impairment
● Intellectual disability
● Multiple disabilities
● Orthopedic impairment
● Other health impairment
● Specific learning disability
● Speech or language impairment
● Traumatic brain injury
● Visual impairment, including
blindness
Autism Spectrum Disorders
- a developmental disability significantly affecting verbal
and nonverbal communication and social interaction
- generally evident before age three
- engagement in repetitive activities and stereotypical
movements
-restricted interests
- resistance to environmental change or change in daily
routines
-unusual responses to sensory experiences

Types of exceptionalities
 Deaf - Blindness

• hearing and visual impairments that occur

together

• the combination of which causes such

severe communication and other
developmental and educational needs that
they cannot be accommodated in in special
education programs solely for children with
deafness or children with blindness.

Types of exceptionalities
Deafness
- a hearing impairment that is so severe that
the child is impaired in processing linguistic
information through hearing, with or
without amplification that adversely affects
the child's educational performance

Hearing Impairment
- impairment in hearing, whether permanent
or fluctuating, that adversely affects a child's
educational performance but that is not
included under the definition of deafness

Types of exceptionalities
 Developmental Delay

-means a child aged three

through seven, whose
development and/or behavior is
delayed or atypical, as measured
by appropriate diagnostic
instruments and procedures

Types of exceptionalities
Emotional Disturbance

-disability that impacts a

person's ability to effectively
recognize, interpret, control, and
express fundamental emotions
which could lead to inappropriate
types of behavior or feelings under
normal circumstances.

Types of exceptionalities
intellectual disability
- a term used when there are limits to a person’s
ability to learn at an expected level and function in daily
life.
For example, children with intellectual disability may:
sit up, crawl, or walk later than other children.

Types of exceptionalities
Multiple Disabilities

-Multiple disabilities means two or more disabilities

occurring together (such as intellectual disability-blindness,
intellectual disability-orthopedic impairment, etc.),

Types of exceptionalities
Orthopedic Impairment
-The term includes impairments caused by a
congenital anomaly, impairments caused by disease (e.g.,
poliomyelitis, bone tuberculosis, etc.), and impairments
from other causes (e.g., cerebral palsy, amputations, and
fractures or burns that cause contrctures, etc.).

Types of exceptionalities
Other Health Impairment
-Other health impairment means having limited
strength, vitality or alertness, including a heightened
alertness to environmental stimuli, that results in limited
alertness with respect to the educational environment,

Types of exceptionalities
Specific learning disability
-means a disorder in one or more of the basic
psychological processes involved in understanding or in
using language, spoken or written. may manifest itself in
the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write,
spell, or to do mathematical calculations

Types of exceptionalities
Speech or Language Impairments
-Speech or language impairments means a
communication disorder, such as an impairment in fluency,
articulation, language, or voice/resonance that adversely
affects a child's educational performance.
A speech or language impairment may result in a
primary disability or it may be secondary to other
disabilities.

Types of exceptionalities
Traumatic Brain Injury
-Traumatic brain injury means an acquired injury to
the brain caused by an external physical force or by an
internal occurrence resulting in total or partial functional
disability and/or psychosocial impairment.
Causes may include but are not limited to: open or
closed head injuries, cerebrovascular accidents (e.g.,
stroke, aneurysm),

Types of exceptionalities
Visual Impairments
-Visual impairment (including blindness) means an
impairment in vision that, even with correction, adversely
affects a child's educational performance. The term
includes both partial sight and blindness.

Types of exceptionalities
 • Biological Influences: Several exceptionalities find their roots in biological
factors, including genetic predispositions, variances in brain structure, or
potential harm from prenatal exposure to harmful substances.

• Environmental Influences: The development of exceptionalities can be

influenced by environmental factors, such as early childhood experiences and
exposure to toxins.

• Evaluation and Diagnosis: To comprehend exceptionalities, a thorough

evaluation procedure is necessary, encompassing medical examinations,
educational assessments, and psychological evaluations.

Causes And Diagnosis Of Exceptionalities

• Why Exceptionalities Matter
Unfortunately, misperceptions about students with
exceptionalities continue to exist.
focused on the stereotypical characteristics—
particularly negative ones—frequently associated with
their disability labels.

Importance of exceptionalities
• Inclusive Education: Inclusive education promotes the idea that all
students, regardless of exceptionalities, should learn together in
mainstream classrooms.

• Individualized Education Plans (IEPs): IEPs are personalized plans

developed for students with exceptionalities to provide tailored support
and accommodations.

• Promoting Diversity and Acceptance: Understanding and accepting

exceptionalities fosters a more inclusive and diverse society that values
the unique contributions of every individual.

Importance of exceptionalities
Republic Act No. 7277 SECTION 2. AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE
REHABILITATION, SELF-DEVELOPMENT AND SELF-RELIANCE OF
DISABLED PERSON AND THEIR INTEGRATION Declaration of Policy:
The grant of the rights and privileges for disabled persons shall have the same
rights as other people to take their proper place in society.

Supporting individuals with

exceptionalities
Republic Act 3562, enacted in 1963, "An Act to promote the
Education of the Blind in the Philippines".
❖ Republic Act 5250, enacted in 1968 and which established the
10-year Training Program for Teachers of Special and Exceptional
Children in the Philippines.
❖ P.D. 603 "Child and Youth Welfare Code" issued in 1977, a
comprehensive law which included many provisions on the
rights, needs and rehabilitation of the disabled and special
categories of children.

Supporting individuals with

exceptionalities
How can you successfully teach everyone?
2 most important qualities a teacher must possess in order to
successfully teach an inclusive classroom are KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE.
 A teacher must be knowledgeable about inclusive teaching and practices, and
must also have a positive and strong attitude about both the job she is doing
 A teacher with a solid understanding for the role of her job and a great attitude
 A teacher with these attributes also has the ability to create invigorating lesson
plans and activities, the kind that can reach and include every child.

Supporting individuals with

exceptionalities
Educational Strategies: Effective teaching strategies, differentiated instruction,
and assistive technology can enhance the learning experience for students with
exceptionalities.

Therapeutic Interventions: Speech therapy, occupational therapy, and

counseling are some of the therapeutic interventions that can support
individuals with exceptionalities.

Parent and Community Involvement: Collaboration between parents, educators,

and the community is essential for providing holistic support to individuals
with exceptionalities.

Supporting individuals with

exceptionalities