presentatio

n of
LANDSCAPING OF
PUBLIC GARDENS
AND GREEN SPACES
“Landscape architecture
is not just the art of
arranging plants and
paving. It is the art of
creating places that are
meaningful, memorable,
James Corner, landscape
and moving.”
architect and urban designer
Prepared By :
FERRACHE SLIMANE
DORBANI CHEMS EDDINE
 WORKPLAN

Slopes and Retaining Walls 06 Introduction 01

Paving and Urban Furniture 07 History of garden 02
Conclusion: 08 Taypes of garden 03
09 Types of Vegetation 04
bibliography 0 Types of Horizontal and Vertical Pathways
10
9 (PMR) 05
 INTRODUCTION
• definition of Garden :
• Usually enclosed area where flowers (flower bed), vegetables 01
(vegetable garden), and trees (fruit trees or orchard) are cultivated
• A garden is a piece of land, reserved by man, generally closed, where
ornamental or food plants (vegetables and fruit trees) are grown. The
existence of gardens presupposes an established mastery of
agricultural techniques

• definition of public green spaces

(public park ) :

• Unbuilt urban area reserved for nature

• In urban planning: the term 'green space' refers to any recreational
area planted with flowers, trees, or grass
• Characteristics of green space: It must be: - Very large - open to the
public - easily accessible on foot
 INTRODUCTION
The difference between gardens and
public green spaces 01
Gardens Public green spaces
Smaller, privately-owned
Larger, publicly-owned areas1
green spaces1
Focused on the cultivation
and display of plants, Provide recreational facilities like playgrounds and
flowers, and sometimes sports fields13
vegetables12
Have a specific design and
Encompass a wider range of landscape styles1
maintenance plan1
Contribute to the aesthetic
Contribute to the quality of life, the biodiversity,
definition landscaping of public gardens and green
or practical purposes of the
owners4
and the fight against climate change in cities3

spaces
• The management of gardens and public spaces is the sense of actions
that are necessary to create, better or enter the spaces that appear in
the public spaces. These spaces may have different functions:
ecology, aesthetics, creativity, social sciences, etc. It contributes to
the quality of life, to the biodiversity and to the surface of the climate
change.
HISTORY
OF 02

GARDEN
 03
Landscaped garden
• A garden designed according to
certain aesthetic criteria, using
techniques and materials
specifically used for this
development, takes on a
“landscaped” appearance.
TAYPES OF
GARDEN
City garden Dry Garden
• City garden: Often small due to
limited space in urban
environments, the city garden
maximizes the use of space with
creative solutions to create a
pleasant green space.
Vegetable garden
• The current craze for vegetable
growing is growing to such an
extent that we are talking as
• or (Rock Garden)
much about urban agriculture as
Characterized by the use of
about vegetable gardens. Indeed,
rocks, gravel, and plants
city dwellers with an increasing
adapted to arid conditions, the
need for greenery and planted
dry garden is designed to mimic
spaces are now turning to
desert landscapes and requires
vegetables, aromatic plants and
little maintenance.
small fruits.
TAYPES OF The French garden
Also called “regular garden”
GARDEN
Japanese Garden or “classic garden”, the garden
French style is a type of
• Inspired by Japanese domestic gardens, with ambition
philosophy, the Japanese garden aesthetic and symbolic, which
incorporates elements such as orders nature according to
ponds, bridges, rocks and principles of geometry, everything
lanterns, creating a meditative by expressing the desire to exalt
and balanced atmosphere. in the plant the triumph of
order over disorder,
culture on wild nature,
reflect on the spontaneous.
English garden Italian Garden
• An Italian garden is a style of
• it is inspired by natural
landscapes and is made up of
varied plants, lawns, groves,
garden design that originated in
Renaissance Italy and was
influenced by Roman gardens. It is
rockeries and bodies of water. It
characterized by a formal,
is intended to be romantic,
symmetrical, and orderly
bucolic and harmonious. It has
arrangement of plants, hedges,
no symmetry or rigid geometry,
fountains, statues, and other
but rather follows the curves of
features. An Italian garden aims to
the terrain. You can find out
create a harmonious and elegant
more about the English Garden
outdoor space that reflects the
here.
architecture of the house and the
culture of the owner.
 TAYPES OF
04
VEGETATIO
There are various types of vegetation that can be found in gardens, including annuals, perennials, shrubs, trees,
and more. Some of the common types of plants for gardens are:
Shrubs

Herbs N Succulents These are woody plants

with multiple stems,
These plants store water in typically smaller than trees.
These are plants used for
their leaves, stems, or roots They provide structure and
medicinal, culinary, or
and can thrive in dry or arid texture to a garden.
aromatic purposes.
climates. Examples include Examples include
Examples include basil,
cacti, jade plants, and aloe hydrangeas, azaleas, and
oregano, and thyme
vera boxwoods
 TAYPES OF
04
VEGETATIO
There are various types of vegetation that can be found in gardens, including annuals, perennials, shrubs, trees,
and more. Some of the common types of plants for gardens are:
Annuals and Biennials
Trees
N Ferns

These are non-flowering plants with

These plants complete their
These are woody plants with a single life cycle within a growing
delicate fronds, often used for their lush
main stem or trunk that can grow to season. Examples include
foliage and texture. They prefer shady or
great heights. They provide shade, marigolds, vinca, begonia,
moist environments and can range from
privacy, and beauty to a garden. coleus, zinnia, impatiens,
small groundcovers to large tree ferns.
Examples include maple trees, petunia, and nasturtium
Examples include maidenhair ferns,
dogwoods, and magnolias
ostrich ferns, and Boston ferns
 TAYPES OF
04
VEGETATIO
There are various types of vegetation that can be found in gardens, including annuals, perennials, shrubs, trees,
and more. Some of the common types of plants for gardens are:

Perennials
N Edible Plants

These plants can be grown in gardens for

In conclusion, there are various
types of vegetation that can be
These plants live for more than two found in gardens, including herbs,
their culinary value, such as vegetables,
years and can thrive in various succulents, shrubs, trees, ferns,
fruits, and herbs. Examples include
conditions. Examples include hostas, annuals, perennials, and edible
strawberries, raspberries, blueberries, and
boxwood, and dogwood ornamental plants. Each type of plant brings
various compact and ornamental
grass something different to the garden,
vegetable varieties
ensuring that it looks good all year
round. Shrubs and trees provide
structure and texture to a garden,
while herbs and succulents are
typically easy to grow and
maintain. Annuals and perennials
add color and variety to a garden,
and edible plants can be both
practical and beautiful.
 TYPES OF HORIZONTAL AND
05
VERTICAL
Horizontal Pathways PATHWAYS (PMR)
Vertical Pathways
• are those which allow you to move on the same • are those that allow you to overcome
level, without crossing any differences in altitude. unevenness, such as stairs, ramps, elevators, etc.
They must be adapted to people with reduced They must also be adapted to PRMs by
mobility (PRM) while respecting accessibility respecting accessibility standards, such as the
standards, such as the minimum width of 1.40 m, height of the steps, the width of the ramps, the
the absence of obstacles, the maximum slope of presence of handrails, visual, tactile and audible
5%, visual and tactile signage. signaling
 TYPES OF HORIZONTAL AND
05
VERTICAL
Horizontal Pathways PATHWAYS (PMR)
Vertical Pathways
• The benefits of a horizontal path in a garden may include:
• Accessibility: A well-designed horizontal path can provide easy • such as efficient use of space, beauty, accessibility and ease of
accessibility for visitors, including those with reduced mobility, maintenance
allowing them to move comfortably through the garden.
• Immersive experience: A well-planned horizontal path can provide • The results also mention the characteristics and composition of
an immersive experience by allowing visitors to wander through the Japanese gardens, which offer the illusion of a route to take to
different areas of the garden, appreciating the diversity of plants, reach the mountains visible on the horizon
landscapes and architectural elements.
• Safety: A well-defined horizontal route can contribute to the safety of • The Hidden Gardens of Paris also features examples of
visitors by guiding their circulation through the garden in a clear and vertical gardens, such as rooftop gardens, which demonstrate
organized manner, reducing the risk of confusion or unplanned their engineering and design prowess
movement. In general, vertical gardens can offer similar benefits to horizontal
• Landscape Integration: A horizontal path can be integrated gardens, such as accessibility, security, landscape integration and
harmoniously into the garden landscape, highlighting natural and flexibility, while providing additional benefits such as efficient use
architectural features while providing a pleasing visual structure. of space and aesthetic beauty.
• Flexibility: A well-planned horizontal path can provide flexibility in
garden design, allowing visitors to explore different thematic or
functional areas, such as seating areas, play areas, or contemplation
spaces.
 SLOPES AND RETAINING
06
WALLS
dry stone wall

Dry stone walls have been used for centuries to stabilize slopes or
define areas. For gardens, coarse-cut stones or those with a
particular shape, which can be laid either with or without mortar,
are suitable

Concrete retaining wall

Concrete retaining walls are notably distinguished by their high

load-bearing capacity. When aesthetically designed, concrete
retaining walls do not look dull at all. They can perfectly adorn the
garden

Gabion retaining walls

metal cages filled with stones, serve various purposes. They not only function as
retaining walls but can also be adorned with plants and provide a habitat for small
animals. Gabions are also distinguished by high durability. Depending on the type and
shape of the filling material used, different visual effects are produced.
 SLOPES AND RETAINING
06
WALLS
Retaining walls made of precast

are relatively easy to construct. The blocks can be stacked vertically or

staggered in height. In the latter case, the retaining wall can be adorned
with plants

floral slope retaining walls

can be constructed vertically or staggered in height to create a terraced form.

The choice of shapes and materials is extensive, ranging from round to
square. It is also possible to leave spaces between different elements.
Adorned with suitable plants, each wall is a real eye-catcher

The wooden retaining walls

wooden sleepers are less and less considered as a construction material for retaining
walls. However, there is still a wide selection of various wood materials. Retaining walls
do not necessarily have to have a rustic appearance. Depending on the shape and
material, they can look quite modern. Attractive accents can be added with other
materials, such as concrete,
 Paving and Urban Furniture
Paving
07
• Paving is a floor covering made up of blocks of stone, concrete, brick or wood, arranged in a regular or irregular manner, and
joined with sand, mortar or resin1. Paving has several advantages for gardens, such as strength, durability, permeability,
aesthetics and ease of installation
 Paving and Urban Furniture Urban Furniture

07
• Street furniture is all elements installed in public spaces to provide comfort, service, security or decorative functions. It
includes in particular benches, tables, baskets, planters, bollards, floor lamps, panels, etc3. Street furniture must be adapted to
the needs and uses of users, as well as to the style and harmony of the garden.

• Material for garden furniture

• -drink
• -rattan
• -wrought iron
CONCL
• Role of plants in architecture:
• effective fight against carbon dioxide emissions.

USION
• the reduction of air pollution, plant areas regulate the local
climate.
• reduction of air pollution and improves air quality (plants
have the ability to act on certain pollutants and thus
improve air quality through the process of photosynthesis)
• regulate the climate through evapotransîration, it represents
a source of humidity capable of regulating the surrounding
temperature which reduces the heat island effect)
• thermal idolization of the building
• absorb solar radiation which influences the thermal
performance of the building in the event of violent or cold
winds (especially in winter)
BIBLIOGRAPH
• Public Garden Management: A Complete Guide to the Planning and Administration of Botanical Gardens and

Y
Arboreta" by Donald Rakow and Sharon Lee
• "Sustainable Landscape Management: Design, Construction, and Maintenance" by Paul H. Gobster and E.
Gregory McPherson
• "The Well-Tempered Garden" by Christopher Lloyd
• "The New Organic Grower, 3rd Edition: A Master's Manual of Tools and Techniques for the Home and Market
Gardener, 30th Anniversary Edition" by Eliot Coleman
• "Designing the Sustainable Site: Integrated Design Strategies for Small-Scale Sites and Residential Landscapes"
by Heather L. Venhaus