Laurence C.

Ibabao
BSF-2B
Activity

Cichlidae
Cichlid, any of more than 1,300 species of fishes of the family Cichlidae,
many of which are popular aquarium fishes. Cichlids are primarily
freshwater fishes and are found in tropical America, mainland Africa and
Madagascar, and southern Asia.
The majority of species are African, appearing in great diversity in the
major African lakes. Cichlids are rather deep-bodied and have one nostril
(rather than the usual two) on each side of the head. The lateral line is
discontinuous, and there are three or more anal spines. They generally
have rounded tails and, though sizable for aquarium fishes, usually do
not grow longer than about 30 cm (12 inches). In many species, the rear
edges of the dorsal and anal fins are pointed and the pelvic
fins are elongated.
English name: Redbelly tilapia
The chest is pinkish and lips are bright green. Breeding
individuals are shiny dark green on the top and sides, red and
black on the throat and belly, and have obvious vertical bands.
Class: Chondrichthyes
Order: Perciformes
Family: Cichlidae
Species: Coptodon zillii
English name: Jewelfish
Is red with fine "jewel-like" blue spots and three dark spots on
the sides, the first on the opercle, the second in the middle of the
body, the third at the base of the tail.
Class: Chondrichthyes
Order: Perciformes
Family: Cichlidae
Species: Hemichromis bimaculatus
English name: Jaguar guapote
Silvery or golden-green to purple colour, with a darker moss
green shade at the dorsum. The sides show a purple iridescence
and the belly is whitish or yellowish. A series of several large
black dots then run horizontally along the lateral line area.
Class: Chondrichthyes
Order: Perciformes
Family: Cichlidae
Species: Parachromis managuensis
English name: Convict Cichlid
The Convict Cichlid most commonly has a grey to silver body
with multiple black vertical bars along the length of its body.
These fishes may have iridescent patches along their elongated
anal and dorsal fins. During breeding, female Convict Cichlid
bellies may be slightly orange or red.
Order: Perciformes
Family: Cichlidae
Species: Amatitlania nigrofasciata
 Cirrhitidae

Cirrhitidae hawkfishes are roughly oblong in shape. They have a

fringe of cirri on the rear edge of the forward nostrils. There are
two poorly developed spines, on the gill cover. The outer row of
teeth on the jaws are canine-like, the longest normally being
located at the front of the upper jaw and the middle of the lower
jaw. Inside this row, there is a band of bristle-like teeth, wider in
the front. Most species are
quite small and colourfully patterned.
English name: Twospot hawkfish
Have moderately compressed oval-shaped bodies with a short,
sharp snout over a moderately large mouth. The jaws have an
outer row of small canine-like teeth and an inner band of simple
teeth and there are teeth on the palatine. It has two spots on the
body.
Class: Chondrichthyes
Order: Perciformes
Family: Cirrhitidae
Species: Amblycirrhitus bimacula
English name: Swallowtail hawkfish
Has a mottled orange to red body. Its lyre-shaped tail sets it
apart from most of the other Hawkfish in appearance. Found on
steep slopes and around small coral heads exposed to currents.
Hovers several meters above the bottom and feeds mainly on
pelagic crustaceans, copepods, and other animals of the
plankton. Also found around sponges.
Class: Chondrichthyes
Order: Perciformes
Family: Cirrhitidae
Species: Cyprinocirrhites polyactis
 Clariidae
Clariidae catfish are characterized by an elongated body, the
presence of four barbels, long dorsal and anal fins, and
especially by the autapomorphic presence of a suprabranchial
organ, formed by tree-like structures from the second and fourth
gill arches. This suprabranchial organ, or labyrinth organ, allows
some species the capability of traveling short distances on land.
English name: Philippine catfish
Has a broad, flat head and an elongate body which tapers toward
the tail. It is readily recognizable as a catfish with four pairs of
barbels whiskers and fleshy, papillated lips. The teeth are
villiform, occurring in patches on the jaw and palate. Usually
confined to stagnant, muddy water (Ref. 1479). Found in
medium to largesized rivers, flooded fields and stagnant water
bodies including sluggish flowing canals (Ref. 12975).
Undertake lateral migrations from the Mekong mainstream, or
other permanent water bodies, to flooded areas during the flood
season and returns to the permanent water bodies at the onset of
the dry season (Ref. 37770). Can live out of water for quite
sometime and move short distances over land (Ref. 4833). Can
walk and leave the water to migrate to other water bodies using
its auxiliary breathing organs.
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Clariidae
Species: Clarias batrachus
English name: Hong Kong catfish
Nude body without scale, sticky. Yellowish brown or dark
gray, white and gray stomach. Lateral white dots on the sides.
Sometimes confused with the channel catfish, but Clarias
fuscus can be differentiated by its rounded tail and long dorsal
and anal fins
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Clariidae
Species: Clarias fuscus
English name: North African catfish
Cylindrical body with scaleless skin, flattened bony head, small
eyes, elongated spineless dorsal fin and four pairs of barbels
around a broad mouth. The upper surface of the head is coarsely
granulated in adult fishes but smooth in young fish. Facultative
air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Adults occur mainly in quiet
waters, (vegetated fringes of) rivers and lakes, (isolated) pools
(Ref. 248, 28714), irrigation and sewage effluent canals (Ref.
28714), and prefer rather shallow and swampy areas with a soft
muddy substrate and calmer water (Ref. 78218). The two known
colour types appear to correlate with water turbidity and
substrate type (Ref. 81644). Widely tolerant of extreme
environmental conditions (Ref. 6465). The presence of an
accessory breathing organ enables this species to breath air when
very active or under very dry conditions. They remain in the
muddy substrates of ponds and occasionally gulp air through the
mouth (Ref. 6465). Can leave the water at night using its strong
pectoral fins and spines in search of land-based food or can
move into the breeding areas through very shallow pathways
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Clariidae
Species: Clarias
gariepinus
English name: Bighead catfish
Body is elongate with head broadly depressed, four pairs of
well developed barbells, and small eyes. Dorsal and anal fins
are long without spine. Pectoral fin has a pungent spine with
serrated on its inner edge. Facultative air-breathing (Ref.
126274); Lives in lowland wetlands and rivers (Ref. 57235).
Recorded as having been or being farmed in rice fields (Ref.
119549). Occurs in shallow, open water and is capable of lying
buried in mud for lengthy period if ponds and lakes evaporate
during dry seasons (Ref. 9987). Can move out of the water
using its extended fins (Ref. 9987). Found in medium to large-
sized rivers, stagnant water bodies including sluggish flowing
canals and flooded fields of the Mekong (Ref. 12975). Spawns
in small streams (Ref. 9987). Feeds on aquatic insects, young
shrimps and small fishes (Ref. 6459).
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Clariidae
Species: Clarias macrocephalus
English name: Blackskin catfish
Have an elongated body; a soft rayed dorsal fin extending to,
or nearly to, the caudal fin base; a soft rayed anal fin extending
from just behind the anus to the caudal fin base; pectoral fins
each with a serrated anterior bony spine; head depressed,
covered largely by firmly sutured, surface sculptured bony
plates forming a protective helmet; four pairs of flagellate
barbels. Air breathing organs derived from the 2nd and 4th
epibranchials within a superbranchial chamber.
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Clariidae
Species: Clarias meladerma
English name: Slender walking catfish
Very slender and scaleless with four pairs of long barbels, long
dorsal and anal fins partially fused to tail fin. Wide gap between
origin of dorsal fin and back margin of exposed bony plates on
head. Head squarish when viewed from above
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Clariidae
Species: Clarias nieuhofii
 Cynoglossidae
Tonguefish, also called tongue sole, any of the small marine flatfishes
of the family Cynoglossidae, found in the tropics, especially in Asia.
Tonguefish are flattened, drop-shaped flatfish with small eyes, both on
the left side of the head, and with long dorsal and anal fins that join with
the tail fin. Most tonguefish grow no longer than about 30 cm (12
inches). Some are used as food, but most, because of their
small size, are of no commercial value.
Tonguefishes are flatfish in the family. They are distinguished by the
presence of a long hook on the snout overhanging the mouth, and the
absence of pectoral fins. Their eyes are both on the left side of their
bodies, which also lack a pelvic fin. This family has three genera with a
total of more than 140 species. The largest reaches a length of 66 cm
(26 in), though most species only reach half that size or less. They are
found in tropical and subtropical oceans, mainly in shallow waters and
estuaries, though some species are found in deep sea floors, and even a
few in rivers.
English name: N/A
Has a sole fish characteristics like depressiform. Scales
between dorsolateral and midlateral lines.
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Pleuronectiformes
Family: Cynoglossidae
Species: Cynoglossus suyeni
Picture: N/A
English name: N/A
Has a sole fish characteristics like depressiform. Inhabits coastal
waters, on sand or mud bottoms. Feeds on benthic animals,
especially crustaceans.
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Pleuronectiformes
Family: Cynoglossidae
Species: Cynoglossus sibogae
English name: Speckled tonguesole
Ocular side yellow-brown. Dorsal and anal fins joined to
caudal. Eyes both on the left side of the body, a narrow space
separating them; asymmetrical mouth; rostral hook below
mouth.
Order: Pleuronectiformes
Family: Cynoglossidae
Species: Cynoglossus
puncticeps
Picture: N/A
English name: N/A
Has a sole fish characteristics like
depressiform. Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Pleuronectiformes Family:
Cynoglossidae Species: Cynoglossus
monopus
English name: Long tongue sole
It has very elongate body; moderate mouth; separated eyes by
narrow interorbital space; two lateral lines present on eyed side
of body; lateral lines absent on blind side of body and scales
comparatively large, ctenoid on eyed side and cycloid on blind
side. Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Pleuronectiformes
Family: Cynoglossidae
Species: Cynoglossus lingua
English name: Roughscale tonguesole
Upper side of body brown with black specks; fins dusky; eyed
side with 2 lateral lines, none on blind side. Rostral hook
comparatively long, extending at least to vertical through
middle of fixed eye.
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Pleuronectiformes
Family: Cynoglossidae
Species: Cynoglossus lida
English name: Shortheaded tonguesole
Has a sole fish characteristics like depressiform. Eyes
contiguous, or nearly so.
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Pleuronectiformes
Family: Cynoglossidae
Species: Cynoglossus kopsii
English name: Genko sole
Has a sole fish characteristics like depressiform. Is characterized
by having a single row of scales between rows connected to the
supraorbital line and the middle lateral line
Class: Actinopterygii Order: Pleuronectiformes Family:
Cynoglossidae Species: Cynoglossus interruptus
English name: N/A
Has a sole fish characteristics like depressiform. Maxilla
extending posteriorly beyond fixed eye.
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Pleuronectiformes
Family: Cynoglossidae
Species: Cynoglossus gracilis
English name: Bengal tongue sole
It has a small head which takes up a fifth of the total length with
large, open blister-like mucous pits on its blind side. Its body is
strongly, dorsally compressed and oval in shape. The body is
elongated and has a standard length which is 2.5-3.5 times
longer than it is broad.
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Pleuronectiformes
Family: Cynoglossidae
Species: Cynoglossus cynoglossus
English name: Fourlined tongue sole
Body elongate. Eyes with a small scaly interorbital space. Snout
rounded. Eyed side brown with an irregular dark blotch on gill
cover, blind side white. Blind side with 2 lateral lines (dorsal
and medial). Body elongate, its depth 22 to 29% SL. Eyes with a
small scaly interorbital space. Snout rounded. Rostral hook
short. Corner of mouth reaching posteriorly beyond lower eye,
nearer to gill opening than to tip of snout. Caudal-fin rays
usually 12. Midlateral-line scales 88 to 96. Scales ctenoid on
eyed side of body. Cycloid on blind side. Scale rows between
lateral lines on eyed side of body 13 to 16 (Ref 9895).
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Pleuronectiformes
Family: Cynoglossidae
Species: Cynoglossus bilineatus
English name: Largescale tonguesole
The eyed side of the fish is uniform brown, with a dark patch on
the gill cover, and its blind side is white. Eyed side uniform
brown, with a dark patch on gill cover, blind side white. Body
elongate, its depth 20 to 26% SL. Eyes with a small scaly
interorbital space. Snout obtusely pointed. Rostral hook short.
Corner of mouth reaching posteriorly to or beyond lower of eye,
about midway between gill opening and tip of snout. Caudal-fin
rays usually 10. Midlateral-line scales 56 to 70. Scales large,
ctenoid on eyed side of body. Cycloid (smooth) on blind side.
Scale rows between lateral lines on eyed side of body 7 to 9 (Ref
9895).
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Pleuronectiformes
Family: Cynoglossidae
Species: Cynoglossus arel
English name: Three-lined tongue sole
Body comparatively deep. Maxilla extending only to point equal
with verticals through middle and posterior margin of fixed eye.
Corner of mouth nearer to tip of snout than to branchial
opening.
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Pleuronectiformes
Family: Cynoglossidae
Species: Cynoglossus abbreviatus