Hen.

Pio Del Pilar Elementary School

English 4
with teacher
Francis
 New Tab

• Get the meaning of

words through word
Class
association (analogy)
Objectives
and classification.
Next
 Read the following pairs of sentences
below. Analyze how the underlined

Review: word was used in each sentence.

Identify if the meaning expresses
Connotation or Denotation.
New Tab 1. The turtle crawls back
to the sea.
REVIEW:
2. We are running late
because you are a turtle.
 3. Ants slowly carried the
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breadcrumbs to their anthill.

REVIEW:
4. You are a hardworking ant,
doing jobs day and night.
 5. Saying bad things about
New Tab others when they are not
around makes you a snake.

REVIEW:
6. The pupils were alarmed
as the snake hissed past the
lawn.
 Read the following groups of
words. Identify the subject to
which you learn the following
Activity 1: topics. An example is given for
you.
• Edukasyon sa
pagpapakatao
• Araling Panlipunan
• Edukasyong Pantahanan
at Pangkabuhayan
• English
• Science
• Mathematics
 Complete the analogy
Activity 2: below.
 • gloves: hand - hat: ________

• sun: day - moon: __________

 Let us read this
READING narrative about My
TIME: favorite Holidays.
 MY FAVORITE
HOLIDAYS
I can already feel the spirit of holidays in my house as
soon as the month of September starts. My mother
starts putting up the Christmas tree. It has always been
a tradition to us to hang decorations altogether. My
personal favorite to hang is Santa Clause riding on his
sleigh with his reindeer carrying it. We put a lot of
poinsettia flowers to make it more colorful. The
lanterns brighten the night as we light them up. We
always enjoy this wonderful tradition. Not only we eat a
lot a of good food, but we always get to spend it with
everyone in the family.
 MY FAVORITE
HOLIDAYS
My second favorite holiday is just the 5 days
after Christmas, the New Year's Eve. It's the
time we celebrate the end of the year and
look forward for the new year. My mom has
superstitious belief that she always tells us to
wear cloths with polka dots to bring us
fortune. We blow our trumpets to make
noise right before midnight. We all sat at our
balcony to wait for the fireworks right
before 12 midnight.
 MY FAVORITE
HOLIDAYS
My third favorite is the Valentine's Day. We do not really
celebrate it at home, but we do it at school. It is the time we
show our love to our Teachers. We put decorations in our
classroom as soon the month of February starts. We cut
heart shaped paper hearts and put it all over the wall. It is
our small way to express how much we love our teachers.
One of the hardest parts is cutting drawing cupid with his
bow and arrow. It's the center of our paper arts. And when
the day comes, we all buy red rose for our teachers. Such a
lovely day
Look at the words at the chart. How do they
relate to each other?
Example:
• Gift is to Christmas Day as red rose is to
Valentine’s Day.
• Trumpet is to New Year’s Day as carol
is to Christmas.
1. A lantern is to Christmas as fireworks is to
__________.
2. A carabao is to a farmer as a reindeer is to
__________.
3. Christmas is to Santa Claus as Valentine’s
Day is to a __________.
4. Repentance is to Lenten Season as merry
making is to __________.
5. Muslims is to mosque as Christians is to
__________.
 ANALOGY
Analogy shows relationship
between words being compared
or classified.
 TWO TYPES OF
ANALOGY
1. Comparative Analogy
2. Classification Analogy
Let us try this example. Select the
letter of your answer:

bark is to tree AS
A. leaf is to branch
B. door is to house
C. skin is to human
• Now you might have selected letter A. Bark is part of a tree,
and a leaf is part of a branch. However, a tree is a general
category of plant; a branch is part of a tree. The relationship
between a leaf and a branch is different from the relationship
between bark and a tree.
• The other relationship that is similar to this is letter C. Bark
is the outer surface of a tree that protects it. Our skin is also
an outer surface that protects us.

bark is to tree AS

A. leaf is to branch
B. door is to house
C. skin is to human
 COMPARATIVE ANALOGIES
(synonym and antonym)
• Synonym - We already know that these words
have nearly the same meaning.
skinny = thin jump = hop purchase = buy
• Antonym – These words have opposite
meaning.

Fast - slow up - down give – take

 CLASSIFICATION ANALOGIES

• KIND OF - THE FIRST ITEM IS A

SPECIFIC KIND OF THE SECOND ITEM.
BOTH WORDS IN EACH PAIR ARE
NOUNS.
lizard : snake :: camel : horse

• A lizard and a snake are both reptiles. A camel

and a horse are both mammals
 CLASSIFICATION ANALOGIES

• PART – WHOLE – THIS IS WHERE THE

RELATIONSHIP OF WORDS IS BETWEEN
PARTS AND THE WHOLE.
lung : human as _______: _______
A tail : horse
B nose : ear
C brother : gas
D gill : fish
 CLASSIFICATION ANALOGIES

petal : flower :: _________ : _________

A. melon : seed
B. wire : lamp
C. pizza : crust
D. finger : hand
 CLASSIFICATION ANALOGIES

sand : beach :: _________ : _________

A. stars : sky
B. gas : car
C. jar : lid
D. table : legs
 CLASSIFICATION ANALOGIES

• PRODUCT OF - THE FIRST ITEM IS A

PRODUCT OF THE SECOND ITEM WHICH
IS A SOURCE. BOTH WORDS IN EACH
PAIR ARE NOUNS.
 CLASSIFICATION ANALOGIES

glass: sand :: steel: iron

Glass is a product of sand, and steel is a
product of iron
tea : leaf :: coffee : bean
Tea is product of leaf, and coffee is a
product of bean
 find out from the word vault which
words would complete our analogy.
Guided Let us circle synonym or antonym
to indicate the type of analogy.
Practice1:
 Choose the correct type of analogy

Guided
from the box below, and write the
letter on the line to the right. State

Practice2: the relationship shown in the

analogy.
 A. Part of B. Kind of
C. Antonym D. Synonym
1. plant : producer : : rabbit : consumer ____
2. gather : scatter : : combine : separate ____
3. ice : solid : : water : liquid ____
4. lawyer : attorney : : doctor : physician ____
5. scales : reptile : : hair : mammal ____
 A. Part of B. Kind of
C. Antonym D. Synonym
6. humid : damp : : arid : dry ____
7. actor : cast : : sailor : crew ____
8. simple : easy : : complex : hard ____
9. freezing : physical : : burning : chemical ____
10. scene : play : : stanza : poem ____
 GENERALIZATION
The skill of grouping related words together is
called _______________ Words can be
classified or grouped, according to ways in
which they are ___________________. It is a
comparison of two things called that
___________ may have similar or opposite or
features.

Word Classification Analogy

Characteristics Similar
 Write the Missing word to
complete each analogy. Color
the words below to help the
APPLICATION:
elephant get to the camel.
 Direction: Let us study the
words in the box. Then,
Assessment: complete the analogy.
1. A lion is to animal as rose is to ________.

A. plant
B. grass
C. roots
D. stem
2. Grass is to soil as seaweed is to _____.

A. . Water
B. garden
C. Air
D. pot
3. Elbow is to arm as knee is to _____.

A. walking
B. finger
C. leg
D. nose
4. Heel is to foot as palm is to _______.

A. Head
B. hand
C. Leg
D. stomach
5. Feet is to walk as hands is to ________.

A. see
B. smell
C. Hear
D. touch
6. A banana is to yellow as a grape is to ______

A. red
B. orange
C. brown
D. violet
7. Fire is to hot as ice is to ______.

A. cold
B. dry
C. warm
D. lukewarm
8. A mango is to fruit as a squash is to ________

A. Toy
B. Vegetable
C. tree
D. animal
9. Ring is to finger as shoes is to ________.

A. animal
B. feet
C. hair
D. hands
10. A kitten is to cat as puppy is to _______.

A. pig
B. Dog
C. Cow
D. goat