Isotopes and Isobars

Content
• Introduction

• Chemical Properties
• Applications

• Radioactive

• Examples

-Of both Isotopes and Isobars

Isotopes
What are isotopes?
• Isotopes are defined as the atoms of the same element, having the same
atomic number but different mass number.
• Two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers
of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, and hence
differ in atomic mass but not in chemical properties are known as isotopes
Chemical Properties of Isotopes

• They have similar chemical properties because

isotopes of an element have the same number of
electrons as an atom of that element.
• The electron arrangement is the same compared to
same chemical properties.
• However they have different numbers of neutrons,
which affects the mass number.
• Mass number determines the physical properties such
as boiling/melting/density
Applications of Isotopes
• An isotope of Uranium (i.e. Uranium-235) is used as a
fuel in a nuclear reactor.
• An isotope of cobalt (i.e. cobalt-60) is used in the
treatment of cancer.
• An isotope of iodine (i.e. iodine-131) is used in the
treatment of goiter.
• An isotope of carbon (i.e.carbon-14) is used in the
carbon dating technique (through which the age of
fossils can be determined)
What Are Radioisotopes
• Different isotopes of the same element have the same
number of protons in their atomic nuclei but differing
numbers of neutrons.
• Radioisotopes are radioactive isotopes of an element.
• They can also be defined as atoms that contain an
unstable combination of neutrons and protons,
or excess energy in their nucleus.
• Examples:- Cesium-137 (Cs-137)
Cobalt-60 (Co-60)
Iodine-131 (I-131)
Iridium-192 (Ir-192)
 Examples Of Isotopes
• There are 3 isotopes of carbon

Carbon-12

Carbon-13

Carbon-14
• There are 3 isotopes of Hydrogen

Hydrogen-1(Protium)

Hydrogen-2(Deuterium)

Hydrogen-3(Tritium)
• There are 5 isotopes of plutonium

Plutonium-238

Plutonium-239

Plutonium-240

Plutonium-241

Plutonium-242
Isobars
What are isobars?
• Isobars
are atoms of different elements with different atomic
numbers but have the same mass number.
• Electronic configurations of isobars differ.
Chemical Properties Of Isobars
• Since no. of protons in a isobars is different ,they have different no.
of electrons that is different Atomic number.
• Atomicno. is the fundamental property of an element on which
chemical properties depends.
• Thus isobars have different chemical properties.

Radioactive Isobars
• Radioactive Atoms of elements having same atomic mass but
different atomic number are known as radioactive isobars
• Eg:- Iodine-126, Tellurium-126 and Xenon-126.
Applications Of Isobars
• Cobalt isobars are used to treat cancer.
• Phosphorus isobars are used to treat blood cancer.
• Thyroid problems are treated with isobars of iodine.
• Isobars are used to treat cancers, blood clots, and other
medical conditions.
• Uranium isobars were employed in nuclear reactors.
Examples Of Isobars

• Sulphur and Chlorine

• Chlorine and Argon
• Calcium and Potassium
• Argon and Potassium
• Sulphur and Argon
Difference Between Isotopes And Isobars
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Presentation Done By

1. S.Surya Dharshan(Group Leader) 9138

2. Rithvikk.A 9136
3. Shashant.M 9137
4. Srivant.R 9138
5. Tharun Balaji 9140
6. Velnitish.AS 9141
7. Vijay Anand 9142
8. Vijay Kathiravan.S 9143
Namaste!