Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Economics
Economics
MODULE II ( GROUP I )
OUTCOME : IDENTIFYING THE
REGULATING AGENCIES
ROLE IN BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
(CONCEPTS AND SCOPE)
INDEX
● POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT: FUNCTIONS OF THE STATE
● NITI AYOG : FORMATION AND OBJECTIVES
● NGT ACT 2010 : OBJECTIVES
● WESTERN GHATS ECOLOGY EXPERT PANEL : OBJECTIVES
AND FUNCTIONS
● LEGAL ENVIRONMENT : STRUCTURE IN INDIA
● INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENT :IMF, WTO , IBRD , MNCs ,
BRICS etc
● EUROPEAN UNION : FUNCTIONS AND OBJECTIVES
● FDI AND FII IN INDIA
● OPEC : FUNCTIONS AND OBJECTIVES
#
POLITICAL
ENVIRONMENT
• POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT IS THE STATE
GOVERNMENT AND ITS INSTITUTIONS
AND LEGISLATIOUS AND THE PUBLIC
AND PRIVATE STAKEHOLDERS WHO
OPERATE AND INTERACT WITH OR
INFLUENCE THE SYSTEM
IMPORTANCE
OF POILITICAL
ENVIRONMENT
• Political Environment plays a very crucial role
in the regulation of business.
• The political environment majorly affects the
way in which a business operates. But many a
time it becomes an obstacle in the working of
the businesses.
STRUCTURE OF STATE GOVERNMENT
01 02
EXECUTIVE JUDICIARY
• GOVERNER • CHIEF JUSTICE
• CHIEF MINISTER • HIGH COURT
• COUNCIL OF
MINISTERS
03
LEGISLATION
• LEGISLATIVE
ASSEMBLY
• LEGISLATIVE
COUNCIL
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
INTERNAL PUBLIC
EDUCATION
SECURITY ORDER
RESERVATION OF
AGRICULTURE FINANCES
BILLS
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
ALLOCATION OF
FUNDS
EXAMPLES OF POLITICAL
ENVIRONMENT AFFECTING BUSINESS
● https://www.india.gov.in/
● https://knowindia.india.gov.in/
NATIONAL GREEN
TRIBUNAL ACT
(NGT ACT) 2010
NGT ACT 2010
• NATIONAL GREEN TRIBUNAL WAS
ESTABLISHED ON 18 OCTOBER 2010
UNDER THE NGT ACT 2010.
• FOCUSES ON • SETTING UP
EFFECTIVE • PROTECTION AND SPECIALISED
AND CONSERVATION ENVIRONMENTAL
EXPEDITIOUS OF ENVIRONMENT TRIBUNAL
DISPOSAL OF
CASES
AIM OF NGT
01 • Concerning
environmental matters
• Right to enjoy
02 pollution free
environment
03 • Quality of life
OBJECTIVES OF NGT ACT
CURB
EFFECTIVE AND 01 05 ENVIRONMENTAL
EXPEDITIOUS
DISPOSAL OF CASE. DAMAGING
ACTIVITIES.
03
HANDLE
PROVIDE RELIEF 02 ENVIRONMENTAL 04 REDUCE BURDEN
AND DISPUTES. OF
COMPENSATION. ENVIRONMENTAL
ISSUES
Conclusion
● https://greentribunal.gov.in
● https://blog.ipleaders.in
WESTERN GHATS
ECOLOGY EXPERT
PANEL
INTRODUCTION
02 Pollution 04
Population Deforestation
MEMBERS
Consumer protection
01 05 Intellectual laws
laws
Environment
04 Organisational laws 08
protection laws
Consumer protection law
THIS LAW CONNECTS THE THREAD BETWEEN THE BUSINESS AND THE
CONSUMER.
WORK PLACE
DISCRIMINANTION
FIXED
MATURNITY
WORKING
LEAVE BENIFITS
HOURS
CONTRACT LAW
● IF THE INTENTION IS TO ENTER AND AGREEMENT WITH
ANOTHER PERSON AND ENTITY , THEN CONTRACT LAW IS
BINDING.
● THIS ALSO HAS A SPECIAL AREA THAT IS INVOLOVED IN
DIRECTLY WITH THE FACTORS AFFECTING BUSINESS.
● LAWS INCLUDE ;
1. INDIAN CONTRACT , 1872
2. SALE OF GOODS ACT , 1930
3. PARTNERSHIP ACT , 1932
Organisational law
ANY BUSINESS THAT IS ORGANISED AS A LEGAL ENTITY IS SUBJECT TO THE
STATE LAW THAT GOVERNS AS OPERATION AND CONDUCT. THERE ARE
DIFFERENT BUSINESS ENTITIES UNDER THIS;
LIMITED
LIABILITY/ COOPERATION
PARTNERSHIP
PARTNERSHIP COMPANIES
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW
Intellectual Property law deals with laws to protect and enforce rights of the
creators and owners of inventions, writing, music, designs and other works,
known as the "intellectual property.
01 TRADE MARKS
ACT , 1999
PATENTS ACT ,
02
1970
TAX LAWS
ANY BUSINESS ENTITY THAT IS UNABLE TO PAY THE TAXES BASED ON ITS
LOCATION AND INCOME , VIOLATING THE TAX REGULATION CAN END THE
FUTURE OF BUSINESS.
EXAMPLE OF SUCH TAXES INCLUDE ;
01 INCOME TAX
02 PROPERTY TAX
HEALTH AND SAFETY REGULATION
LAWS
WHEN A COMPANY HIRES EMPLOYEES IT MUST ENSURE THE HEALTH AND
SAFETY OF THE EMPLOYEES . IF THE COMPANY FAIL TO ENSURE THE SAFETY
OF THE EMPLOYEES IT WILL FACE LEGAL ACTION .
FACTORIES FATAL
MINES ACT , 1952
ACT , 2008 ACCIDENT, 1855
ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION LAW
THESE LAWS ARE FORMULATED IN ORDER SAVE THE DETERIORATIONS
CAUSED TO THE ENVIRONMENT DUE TO THE UNLAWFUL ACTIVITIES OF
HUMAN BEINGS.
FOLLOWING ARE A MUST FOR A BUSINESS TO ORGANISE
ENVIRONMENTAL
AUDITING PROPER
MONITORING AND
REPORTING OF
ENVIRONMENT IMPACTS ON THE
MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENT
SYSTEM
IMPACT OF LEGAL ENVIRONMENT OF
BUSINESS
• Directs business to
• Due to taxation the profit protect rights
and loss fluctuate.
— John Bruton
Introduction
Supranational
political and
01
economic union of
27 member states
Originally confined to
western Europe , undertook
02 a
robust expansion into
central and eastern Europe.
Timeline
EUROPEAN
THE SINGLE
THE MAASTRICT UNION
EUROPEAN TURNS THE
MERGER ACT ENTERS COMMUNITY COMES
TREATY INTO ACT
INTO A UNION INTO
EFFECT
• Financial
To establish an economic
Combat social exclusion and
union with euro as its Establish an internal market
discrimination
currency
Aims of EU within the wider world
03 Democracy
04 Equality
Eu countries AUSTRIA
BELGIUM LITHUANIA
BULGARIA LUXEMBOURG
CROATIA MALTA
REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS NETHERLANDS
CZECH REPUBLIC POLAND
DENMARK PORTUGAL
ESTONIA ROMANIA
FINLAND SLOVAKIA
FRANCE SLOVENIA
GERMANY SPAIN
GREECE SWEDEN
HUNGARY
IRELAND
ITALY
LATVIA
Conclusion
• Sources https://www.brittanica.com
https://youtube.be/Br2qtwQOE1Q
BOOKS REFERRED:
European Union The Basics
(Written By: ALEX WARLEIGH)
(Published By : ROUTLEDGE PUBLICATIONS)
OPEC (The Organization of the
Petroleum Exporting Countries
INTRODUCTION
• Acronym For Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries.
• Permanent intergovernmental organization formed at Baghdad in
September 1960 .
• Founding members : Iran , Iraq , Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and
Venezuela.
• Formation of OPEC marked a turning point in the sovereignty
over natural resources.
• Textbook example of a cartel that cooperates to reduce market
competition.
OPEC MEMEBERS
OBJECTIVES
The member
The OPEC Member Meet twice a year to
countries also hold
countries adjust their review the status of
other meetings to
oil production international oil
various point of
activities market
interests
Conclusion
● http://opec.org/opec_web/en/about_us/24.html
● http://Investopedia.com
FOREIGN DIRECT
INVESTMENT (FDI)
FOREIGN DIRECT
INVESTMENT
• Introduced on 1991
• By Finance Minister Dr Manmohan Singh
• Under Foreign Exchange Management Act
• Commenced with baseline of 1 Billion Dollar in
1990
ROLE OF FDI
01 02
PLATFORM FDI CONGLOMERATE
FDI
forensic breakthrough
03 04
VERTICAL FDI HORIZONTAL FDI
forensic breakthroug
ADVANTAGE AND
DISADVANTAGE OF FDI
• Advantage • Disadvantage
Boost economy of a country. Interfere in domestic
investment.
● www.world scienticfin.com
● www.businessstandard.com
● FOREIGN INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT BY NITI BAHSIN
● FDI and Economic growth in India by NARAYAN SETHI
SAMNHITA
NITI AAYOG
01
FORMATION
UNION GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
ANNOUNCED THE FORMATION OF NITI
AAYOG ON 1 JANUARY 2015
OBJECTIVES OF NITI AAYOG
TO FOCUS ON
STATES ACTIVE 01 05 TECHNOLOGY
PARTICIPATION IN
THE LIGHT OF ADVANCEMENTS
NATIONAL
OBJECTIVES 03
AN ECONOMIC
TO FROSTER
02 PROGRAM THAT 04 BUILDS LONG-
COOPERATIVE TAKES INTO TERM POLICY AND
FEDERALISM ACCOUNT ITS FRAMEWORK
THROUGH WELL NATIONAL AND EVALUATE ITS
ORGANISED SECURITY DEVELOPMENT
ASSISTENCE CONCERNS AND SUCCESS
PROGRAMS
IMPACT IN
INDIA
• NITI Aayog has the twin Mandate to oversee
the adoption and monitoring of the Sous in the
Country promote competitive and cooperative
and federalism among states and Union
territories.
• The Ministry of statistics and programme
Implementation has already undertaken a
Parallel exercise of interaction with the
Ministries to evolve indicators reflecting The
SDG goals and targets.
Conclusion
• AT THE SUGGESTION OF PRIME MODI, NITI
AAYOG HAS LAUNCHED. MINISTER NARENDRA
NEW PROGRAM 'NITI LECTURES TEARS FORMING
INDIA" THIS PROJECT AIMS TO BRING IN
INTERNATIONALLY RENOWNED POLICYMAKERS,
EXPERTS AND ADMINISTRATORS TO SPEAK THEIR
MINDS, EXPERTISE AND EXPERIENCE IN
POLICYMAKING AND BETTER GOVERNANCE
WITH THEIR INDIAN COUNTER PARTS
Research resources
● http://www.niti.gov.in
FOREIGN INSTITUTIONAL
INVESTOR
FOREIGN
INSTITUTIONAL
INVESTOR
• FOREIGN INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS
ARE TYPICALLY LARGE COMPANIES
THAT INVESTS IN COUNTRIES OTHER
THAN WHERE ITS HEAD QUARTERS ARE
LOCATED.
TOP FII’S IN THE WORLD
GOVERNMENT
GOVERNMNET OF EURO PACIFIC
PENSION
SINGAPORE GROWTH FUND
GLOBAL FUND
GOVERNMENT
OF SINGAPORE
• TOP INVES TOR IN INDIA.
• IT HOLDS OVER 43 STOCK NETWORTH OF OVER
121,000 CR
• THE GOVERNMENT OF SINGAPORE HAS INVESTED
IN ;
1. RELIANCE INDUSTRIES
2. INFOSYS
3. BAJAJ FINANCE
4. AXIS BANK AND MANY MORE…
EURO PACIFIC
GROWTH FUND
• IT HOLDS 6 STOCK NETWORTH OF OVER 29335 CR .
• EURO PACIFIFC GROWTH FUND HAS INVESTED
IN ;
1. RELIANCE INDUSTRIES
2. KOTAK MAHINDRA BANK
3. BHARATI AIRTEL
4. ICIC BANK
5. HDFC LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
GOVERNMENT
PENSION
GLOBAL FUND
• THE GLOBAL PENSION FUND FROM NORWAY HAS
INVESTED IN 65 STOCKS
• NETWORTH OF OVER 51,000 CR.
• ITS MAJOR HOLDINGS INCLUDE :
1. INFOSYS
2. AXIS BANK
3. TECH MAHINDRA ETC
ADVANTAGE AND
DISADVANTAGE OF FII
• Advantage • Disadvantage
ENHANCED FLOW OF
THE DEMAND FOR LOCAL
EQUITY CAPITAL .
CURRENCY INCREASES
DUE TO INFLATION .
IMPROVING CAPITAL
MARKET .
PROBLEMS FOR SMALL
INVESTORS .
● https://economictimes.com
● https://www.toppr.com
● https://investopedia.com
INTERNATIONAL
ENVIRONMENT
INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
• INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENT IS
MULTI DIMENTIONAL IT INVOLVES
POLITICAL RISKS , CULTURAL
DIFFERENCES , EXCHANGE RISKS ,
LEGAL AND TAXATION ISSUES.
MALAYSIA SINGAPORE
INDONESIA THAILAND
THE
PHILIPPINES
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ASEAN
TO PURSUE ITS
NOT TO CAUSE 02 NATIONAL LIFE 04 SOLVE CONFLICT
PROBLEMS IN FREELY FROM THE TO
INTERNAL OUTSIDE CONTRADICTION
AFFAIRS. INTERVENTION , BY COOPERATIVE
REBELION OR MEANS
POWER .
VISION OF ASEAN 2025
ONE
ONE VISION ONE IDENTITY
COMMUNITY
SOUTH ASIAN ASSOCIATION
FOR REGIONAL COOPERATION
(SAARC)
SOUTH ASIAN ASSSOCIATION FOR
REGIONAL COOPERATION
AFGHANISTAN MALDIVES
BANGLADESH NEPAL
BHUTAN PAKISTAN
• TO ACHIEVE REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
POLITICAL AND
PEOPLE TO PEOPLE ECONOMIC
SECURITY
EXCHANGE COOPERATION
COOPERATION
MULTI NATIONAL
COOPERATION (MNCs)
MULTI NATIONAL COOPERATION
● https://economictimes.com
● https://www.toppr.com
● https://investopedia.com