Date: 12/12/2023

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Model Engineering College, Thrikkakara
(Managed by IHRD, Govt. of Kerala)
Topic: Comprehensive Review On Non-
Pneumatic Tyre

Presented by: Guided by:

Roice Jose C (LMDL20ME070)
Mrs Sruthy Jose

1
CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION

• LAYOUT OF NPTS

• MATERIALS USED IN NON PNEUMATIC TYRES

• CLASSIFICATION OF NON PNEUMATIC TYRES

• FORMING TECHNOLOGY

• ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

• APPLICATION

• CHALLENGES AND LIMITATION

• FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS

• CONCLUSION

2
 Non Pneumatic Tyre
• Non-Pneumatic tyres (NPTs) are tyres that don’t use air pressure to

support the load. They are also known as airless tyres or flat-free

tyres.

• NPTs are made up of three parts; a tread, a rim, & a support

structure.

• The support structure replaces the air pressure that’s used in

traditional pneumatic tyres.

3
LAYOUT OF NON-PNEUMATIC
TYRES

44
 Materials Used in Non-Pneumatic Tyres

Resilient Polymers Composite Materials

Offer outstanding elasticity and flexibility, enabling Combination of lightweight yet high-strength
the tire to absorb shocks. materials for optimal performance.

Fiberglass Reinforcements Inner Layer Materials

Provide additional strength and help distribute stress Designed to provide airless support and maintain tire
evenly across the tire. shape under load.

5
 CLASSIFICATION OF
NPTs
Spoke Type Tyres
Tweel Tyre GYROBLADE Tyre

Michelin's Tweel tyre with flexible PU spokes Sumitomo Rubber Industries' GYROBLADE tyre
reduces fuel consumption by 10% compared to offers higher lateral rigidity and better handling than
traditional pneumatic tyres. pneumatic tyres.

Energy Return Wheel (ERW) Uptis Tyre

Britek Tire and Rubber's ERW uses an adjustable Michelin and General Motors' Uptis tyre provides
carbon fiber rim to store and release elastic potential better lateral stiffness and grip strength than
energy. conventional pneumatic tyres.

6
Multi-Hole Type Tyres
1 Honeycomb Tyre

The Polymer Research Center's honeycomb tyre distributes mass uniformly, reducing
vibration and increasing strength.

2 Air-Free Tyre

Bridgestone's second-generation air-free tyre with inclined spokes offers excellent

renewable performance and environmental protection.

3 Poisson's Ratio Tyre

BAIC and Ma et al.'s tyre with a negative Poisson's ratio structure attains increased
compression and impact resistance.

7
Convex-Type Tyres
1 Maxpolo Tyre

Kumho Tyres' Maxpolo tyre adapts to wet and snowy conditions through self-regulation.

2 Dandelion Tyre

NEXEN TIRE's Dandelion tyre with a flower-like design allows for rough terrain usage.

3 reCharge

Goodyear's reCharge tyre offers robustness and complete degradation with its customizable liquid
tread formula.

8
 Forming Technology of NPTs

Injection moulding technology

Short Forming Cycles Complex Shape High Quality and

Injection moulding offers quick
production cycles, resulting in
efficient manufacturing of non-
pneumatic tyres.
Formation
The advanced technology of
injection moulding allows the
creation of intricate tyre
designs.
Efficiency
Injection moulding ensures
accurate sizing, high-quality
output, and improved
production efficiency.

9
Centrifugal casting technology
1 Simple and Cost-effective

Centrifugal casting offers a simpler method for processing non-pneumatic tyres, reducing the need
for traditional curing equipment and lowering costs.

2 Considerable Strength and Stiffness

This method produces tyres with excellent strength and stiffness, ensuring reliable performance.

3 Optimized Balance

Researchers have studied the production process of non-pneumatic tyres using centrifugal casting,
ensuring acceptable static and dynamic balance.

10
Moulding Options for 3D Printing
1 FDM Technology

Fused deposition moulding (FDM) is widely used due to its simplicity, low cost, and
easy maintenance.

2 SLS Technology

Selective laser sintering (SLS) allows for the sintering of 3D printing materials using an
infrared laser beam.

3 Advancing Technology

As 3D printing technology continues to progress, more options are expected to become

available for non-pneumatic tyre manufacturing.

11
 Advantages of Non-Pneumatic Tyres

Durable Low Maintenance

Non-pneumatic tyres are built to withstand Since they do not contain air, non-pneumatic tyres
punctures and provide excellent resistance to wear eliminate the need for regular pressure checks and
and tear, resulting in a longer lifespan compared to refills, making them maintenance-free.
traditional tyres.

Enhanced Safety Eco-Friendly

Non-pneumatic tyres offer improved stability and As non-pneumatic tyres are often made from
grip, reducing the risk of skidding and ensuring a recyclable materials, they contribute to reducing
safer driving experience, especially in challenging waste and promoting sustainability in the
terrains. automotive industry.

12
Applications and Industries Using Non-
Pneumatic Tyres
1 Automotive

Non-pneumatic tyres are gaining popularity

in off-road vehicles, military vehicles, and
Cycling 2 agricultural machinery, thanks to their ability
Cyclists are embracing non-pneumatic tyres to withstand rugged terrains.
as they offer a puncture-free cycling
experience, eliminating the hassle of
changing tubes frequently.
3 Aerospace

Non-pneumatic tyres are being explored for

use in aerospace applications due to their
potential to provide increased safety,
reliability, and weight savings.

13
Challenges and Limitations of Non-
Pneumatic Tyres
1 Noise and Vibration

Some non-pneumatic tyres can generate higher noise levels and vibrations compared to traditional
tyres, affecting the overall driving comfort.

2 Complex Manufacturing

The production process of non-pneumatic tyres is more intricate and costlier compared to
pneumatic tyres, limiting their mass adoption.

3 Performance Trade-Offs

While non-pneumatic tyres excel in certain areas, they may not provide the same level of
smoothness and comfort as pneumatic tyres.

14
Future Developments and Potential
Advancements in Non-Pneumatic Tyre
Technology
Advanced Materials Innovative Designs

Ongoing research in material science aims to Engineers are exploring unconventional tyre
develop novel composites with improved strength, designs, such as geometric patterns and variable
flexibility, and damping properties for non- stiffness, to optimize performance and address
pneumatic tyres. existing limitations.

Smart Technologies Sustainable Solutions

Integration of smart sensors and adaptive systems The future of non-pneumatic tyre technology lies in
could enhance the functionality and safety of non- environmentally friendly materials and
pneumatic tyres by optimizing pressure, traction, manufacturing processes that further reduce the
and performance in real-time. ecological impact of tyre production and disposal.

15
In Conclusion
Durable and Sustainable
Materials
The use of advanced rubber
compounds and synthetic materials
ensures longevity and reduces
environmental impact.
Reshaping the Future
Non-pneumatic tyres are
revolutionizing the way we think
about transportation, improving
safety and paving the way for a
greener future.
Unleashing Potential
Their versatility and durability
make non-pneumatic tyres the go-to
choice for various industries,
unlocking new possibilities.
16
REFERENCE
1 D. Bhatia, K.R. Praneeth, B.R. Ponangi, M. Athadkar, C.V. Dsouza, CFD study of
aerodynamic performance of non-pneumatic tyre with hexagonal spokes, P. I.
Mech. Eng. D-J. Aut. 235 (2021) 3521–3529.

2 Y.J. Deng, Y.Q. Zhao, F. Lin, Z. Xiao, M.M. Zhu, H. Li, Simulation of steady-state
rolling non-pneumatic mechanical elastic wheel using finite element method,
Simul. Model. Pract. Th. 85 (2018) 60–79.

3 C. Liang, W. Wei, H. Mousavi, K. Chen, B. Asafo-Duho, G.L. Wang, Investigation

on static grounding analysis model of non-pneumatic tire with nonlinear
spokes, AIP Adv. 11 (2021) 015303.

17