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    M10 - Nested Query

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    Abim Backup 1
    The document discusses nested queries in database systems. A nested query contains a subquery within a main query. The subquery (inner query) executes first and provides results to the main query (outer query). Subqueries can be located after SELECT, FROM, in the WHERE condition, or HAVING condition. Subqueries return either a single value or multiple rows, requiring different operators like =, >, IN, and ALL. Examples demonstrate subqueries to filter employee data based on salaries, positions, and service prices.

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    M10 - Nested Query

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    Abim Backup 1
    7 views21 pages
    The document discusses nested queries in database systems. A nested query contains a subquery within a main query. The subquery (inner query) executes first and provides results to the main query (outer query). Subqueries can be located after SELECT, FROM, in the WHERE condition, or HAVING condition. Subqueries return either a single value or multiple rows, requiring different operators like =, >, IN, and ALL. Examples demonstrate subqueries to filter employee data based on salaries, positions, and service prices.

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    The document discusses nested queries in database systems. A nested query contains a subquery within a main query. The subquery (inner query) executes first and provides results to the main query (outer query). Subqueries can be located after SELECT, FROM, in the WHERE condition, or HAVING condition. Subqueries return either a single value or multiple rows, requiring different operators like =, >, IN, and ALL. Examples demonstrate subqueries to filter employee data based on salaries, positions, and service prices.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    7 views21 pages

    M10 - Nested Query

    Uploaded by

    Abim Backup 1
    The document discusses nested queries in database systems. A nested query contains a subquery within a main query. The subquery (inner query) executes first and provides results to the main query (outer query). Subqueries can be located after SELECT, FROM, in the WHERE condition, or HAVING condition. Subqueries return either a single value or multiple rows, requiring different operators like =, >, IN, and ALL. Examples demonstrate subqueries to filter employee data based on salaries, positions, and service prices.

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    of 21

    Database System

    Nested Query

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    1. Nested Query
    Outline 2. Location of the Subquery
    3. Operator in Subquery

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    Nested Query
    • A SQL Select command that has another SQL Select command in it.
    • A nested query is a SQL Select command that has another SQL Select
    command in it.
    • The main query is the outer SQL select command (called the outer query)
    • A subquery is an SQL select command that is inside the main query (called
    the inner query).

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    Subquery
    outer query
    inner query

    SELECT select_list
    FROM table
    WHERE expr operator (SELECT select_list
    FROM table);

    • The subquery (inner query) is executed once before executing the main query (main
    query/outer query).
    • The result of the subquery is used in the main query

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    Example of Nested Query
    SQL> SELECT ename
    FROM emp 2975
    WHERE sal >
    (SELECT sal
    FROM emp
    WHERE empno = 7566);

    ENAME
    ENAME
    ----------
    ----------
    KING
    KING
    FORD
    FORD
    SCOTT
    SCOTT

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    Location of Subquery

    Subquery (Inner Query) After SELECT


    can be located at
    After FROM

    Condition of WHERE

    Condition of HAVING

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    Subquery after SELECT

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    Subquery after FROM

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    Subquery in Condition of WHERE

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    Subquery in Condition of HAVING

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    Operators on subquery
    A subquery can return a single value or multiple
    rows of values

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    Single row subquery
    Query that returns a single row of data from the SELECT command

    Single row operator = equal to

    > greater than

    >= greater than or equal to

    < less than

    <= less than or equal to

    <> not equal to

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    Example of Single row subquery (1)
    Show data on employees who have the same position as Smith.
    SELECT last_name, title
    FROM employee
    WHERE title =
    ( SELECT title
    FROM employee
    WHERE last_name = ‘Smith’ );

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    Example of Single row subquery (2)
    Displays data on employees who have below-average salaries.

    SELECT last_name, title, salary


    FROM employee
    WHERE salary <
    ( SELECT AVG(salary)
    FROM employee );

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    Multiple row subquery
    A subquery that returns more than one row of data is called a multiple row subquery

    Multiple row operator IN

    NOT IN

    ANY

    ALL

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    Example of Multiple row subquery (1)
    Select nota_detail data that has “SETRIKA” or “CUCI KERING+PEWANGI” services

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    Example of Multiple row subquery (2)
    Select nota_detail data that is not “SETRIKA” service or not “CUCI KERING+PEWANGI” service

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    Example of Multiple row subquery (3)
    Select nota_detail data whose price is above 8000 and 15000

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    Example of Multiple row subquery (4)
    Select nota_detail data whose price is above 8000 or 15000

    www.its.ac.id/informatika Departemen Teknik Informatika, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER


    - TERIMA KASIH -

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