LOW VOLTAGE

CIRCUIT BREAKER
 LOW VOLTAGE

Members:
CIRCUIT BREAKER
Anthony William N. Camba
Kenneth Gabriel De Vera
Jerry Lorenzo
Hanzel Malong
Mark Dave Lorenzo
Kent Charles Bautista
Engr. Royland Eliger
Instructor
 Low Voltage Circuit Breaker

Characteristics of L.V Operation of L.V Circuit

Circuit Breaker Breaker

Different types of L.V Application of L.V Circuit

Circuit Breaker Breaker

L.V Circuit Breaker’s L.V Circuit Breaker Parts

Definition
 L.V Circuit Breaker’s
Definition

A low voltage circuit breaker is an electrical

switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from
damage caused by overload or short circuit. It is
specifically designed for circuits operating at a voltage of
1000 volts or less, typically in residential and commercial
applications.
The low voltage circuit breaker functions by
automatically disconnecting the power supply to the
circuit when it detects an abnormal current flow, such as
an overload or short circuit. This action prevents the
circuit from overheating and causing damage to electrical
equipment or posing a safety hazard.
 Low Voltage Circuit Breaker

Characteristics of L.V Operation of L.V Circuit

Circuit Breaker Breaker

Different types of L.V Application of L.V Circuit

Circuit Breaker Breaker

L.V Circuit Breaker’s L.V Circuit Breaker Parts

Definition
L.V Circuit Breaker Parts
 Low Voltage Circuit Breaker

Characteristics of L.V Operation of L.V Circuit

Circuit Breaker Breaker

Different types of L.V Application of L.V Circuit

Circuit Breaker Breaker

L.V Circuit Breaker’s L.V Circuit Breaker Parts

Definition
Characteristics of L.V
Circuit Breaker

• Rated Voltage - The rated voltage of a low voltage circuit breaker is typically up to 1000V AC or
1500V DC.
• Current Rating - The current rating of a low voltage circuit breaker is typically up to a few thousand
amperes.
• Tripping Current - The tripping current is the current level at which the circuit breaker trips and
interrupts the current flow. It is adjustable and can be set to protect the electrical system from
overloads and short circuits.
• Breaking Capacity - The breaking capacity is the maximum amount of current that the circuit
breaker can interrupt without damage. Low voltage circuit breakers typically have breaking
capacities ranging from a few hundred amperes to a few thousand amperes.
• Operating Mechanism - Low voltage circuit breakers can have different types of operating
mechanisms, such as thermal-magnetic, electronic, or hydraulic.
Characteristics of L.V
Circuit Breaker

• Trip Unit - The trip unit is the component that detects overloads and short circuits and
triggers the circuit breaker to trip. It can be built into the circuit breaker or added as a
separate module.
• Mounting - Low voltage circuit breakers can be mounted on DIN rails, panel mounts, or other
types of mounting systems.
• Accessories - Low voltage circuit breakers can have various accessories such as auxiliary
contacts, shunt trips, undervoltage releases, and more, which provide additional functionality
and protection.
 Low Voltage Circuit Breaker

Characteristics of L.V Operation of L.V Circuit

Circuit Breaker Breaker

Different types of L.V Application of L.V Circuit

Circuit Breaker Breaker

L.V Circuit Breaker’s L.V Circuit Breaker Parts

Definition
Different types of L.V
Circuit Breaker

Miniature Circuit Breaker

(MCB) - A small, low-cost circuit
breaker designed to protect low-voltage
electrical circuits against overloads and
short circuits. They are commonly used
in households and commercial
buildings, as well as in industrial
applications.
Different types of L.V
Circuit Breaker

Molded Case Circuit Breaker (MCCB) -

MCCBs are larger than MCBs and have a higher
interrupting capacity. They are designed for use in
industrial applications where larger currents and
voltages are present, and where more rugged and
durable equipment is needed. It’s a kind of circuit
breaker which is enclosed in the moulding or
housing of a moulded material & that is the reason
it is known as Molded Case Circuit Breaker.
Different types of L.V
Circuit Breaker

Air Circuit Breaker (ACB) - These

circuit breakers use air as the arc quenching
medium to extinguish the electrical arc that
forms when the circuit is broken. They are
designed for use in high current
applications, such as power distribution
systems and large machinery.
 Different types of L.V
Circuit Breaker

Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker (ELCB) - is

a low voltage circuit breaker that protects
against electric shock and electrical fires
caused by ground faults. It monitors the
flow of current between the live and
neutral conductors of an electrical circuit
and trips the circuit if it detects an
imbalance in the current flow that indicates
a ground fault.
Different types of L.V
Circuit Breaker

Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB)

- Are similar to ELCBs, on the other hand, it uses a
different mechanism to detect ground faults. They
measure the difference in current between the live
and neutral wires, but also take into account any
current that may be flowing to ground through an
equipment or person. RCCBs are designed to trip
the circuit and cut off power to the equipment if
they detect a residual current that exceeds a certain
threshold, which helps prevent electrical shock and
electrical fires caused by ground faults.
 Different types of L.V
Circuit Breaker
Motor Protection Circuit Breaker
(MPCB) - are typically installed in the
electrical distribution panel that supplies power
to the motor, rather than being directly
connected to the motor itself. This is because
the motor circuit breaker needs to be able to
handle the full current load of the motor, which
may be much higher than the current rating of
the wiring used to connect the motor to the
panel.
 Low Voltage Circuit Breaker

Characteristics of L.V Operation of L.V Circuit

Circuit Breaker Breaker

Different types of L.V Application of L.V Circuit

Circuit Breaker Breaker

L.V Circuit Breaker’s L.V Circuit Breaker Parts

Definition
Operation of L.V Circuit
Breaker

Low voltage (LV) circuit breakers are devices that are designed to interrupt electrical
circuits in the event of an overload, short circuit, or ground fault. They are typically used in
residential, commercial, and industrial settings to protect electrical systems from damage and
ensure safety.
The operation of a LV circuit breaker typically involves the following steps:
1.Normal operation: When the electrical circuit is operating normally, the LV circuit breaker is in a
closed position, allowing current to flow through the circuit uninterrupted.
2.Overload condition: If the current flowing through the circuit exceeds the rated current of the
circuit breaker, an overload condition occurs. The LV circuit breaker responds by tripping, which
means it opens the circuit and interrupts the flow of current.
Operation of L.V Circuit
Breaker

3.Short circuit: In the event of a short circuit, which occurs when an electrical current flows through
an unintended path, the LV circuit breaker responds by tripping the circuit. This is because the
sudden surge of current can cause significant damage to the electrical system if left unchecked.
4.Ground fault: A ground fault occurs when an electrical current flows through an unintended path
to ground. LV circuit breakers are designed to detect ground faults and trip the circuit to prevent
damage and ensure safety.
5. Reset: After the circuit breaker has tripped, it must be reset before it can be used again. This
involves manually closing the breaker, which restores the flow of current to the circuit.
Operation of L.V Circuit
Breaker
 Low Voltage Circuit Breaker

Characteristics of L.V Operation of L.V Circuit

Circuit Breaker Breaker

Different types of L.V Application of L.V Circuit

Circuit Breaker Breaker

L.V Circuit Breaker’s L.V Circuit Breaker Parts

Definition
Application of L.V Circuit
Breaker

Low Voltage Circuit Breakers are widely used in electrical systems to protect against
overcurrents and short circuits. They are installed in electrical distribution boards and consumer
units to provide protection to individual circuits and equipment.
Some common applications of LV circuit breakers include:
1.Residential and commercial buildings - Low voltage circuit breakers are used to protect electrical
circuits in homes, offices, and other buildings. They help to prevent fires and other hazards by
automatically shutting off the power when a fault is detected.
2.Industrial applications - Low voltage circuit breakers are used in a wide range of industrial
applications, such as manufacturing plants, chemical plants, and oil refineries. They protect
electrical equipment from damage caused by overloads, short circuits, and other electrical faults.
Application of L.V Circuit
Breaker

3. Power distribution - Low voltage circuit breakers are used in power distribution systems. They are
often used in conjunction with other protective devices, such as fuses and relays, to provide a
comprehensive protection system.
4. Renewable energy systems - Low voltage circuit breakers are used in renewable energy systems,
such as solar panels and wind turbines.
5. Transportation systems - Low voltage circuit breakers are used in transportation systems, such as
trains, airplanes, and ships etc.
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