COURSE PROJECT TOPIC-

Traffic simulation at Toll road section using

PTV Vissim Software
• Group Members- Shrikrishna Kesharwani
(22CEM3R23)
Abhishek Singh Baghel (22CEM3R02)

Transportation Division
Department of Civil Engineering
NIT Warangal
Academic Year-2022

1
 FLOW OF PRESENTATION

C
LITERATURE REVIEW RESULTS O
N
C
L
U
S
INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY ISSUES I
FOLLOWED O
N

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INTRODUCTION-
OBJECTIVES-

• To create a traffic simulation model that properly simulates a toll

road stretch using PTV Vissim software.
• To verify the model's correctness by comparing the
simulation results with actual traffic data, if any is
available

SCOPE-

• The goal of this research is to simulate traffic flow on a

segment of a toll road using PTV Vissim software by
incorporating driver behaviours.

• The outcomes of the simulation like Volume, delay etc. will be used to
determine LOS of toll plaza as well as to compare the field and simulated result
values.

3
LITERATURE REVIEW
TITLE
Use of Microscopic Traffic Simulation
Software to Determine Heavy-Vehicle
Influence on Queue Lengths at Toll Plazas
Simulation of Traffic Operation and
Management
at Malaysian Toll Plazas using VISSIM
AUTHOR SUMMARY
• The toll plaza model was constructed by using desired speed and
service time as a key parameter and after comparing model MOE
Mahdi et al. (Measure of Effectiveness) to the existing MOE.
(2019) • T test Analysis was done was done and the same desired speed and
service time parameters were used to calibration of the model.
• In order to obtain outputs like total delay, average delay, average
number of vehicles processed per booth, and total number of
Hilmy & Hamid vehicles processed at toll plazas.
(2011) • The study evaluated a number of input parameters, including
vehicle volumes, the number of toll booths, the size of the waiting
area, the types of payment systems, and traffic access
arrangements.
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LITERATURE REVIEW
TITLE AUTHOR SUMMARY

• Explores the potential impact of an Electronic Toll Collection (ETC)

Examining the effect of Electronic Toll system on queue delay at a toll plaza in India.
collection system on queue delay using Bari et al. (2021) • For calibration of the model Average Standstill Safety distance was
microsimulation approach at toll plaza: A used.
case study of Ghoti toll plaza , India • Wiedemann 74 vehicle following model was used.

• The data collected was AADT and Vehicle composition during the
peak hour
Analysis of Toll Station Operations in Sri- Vidanapathirana For System calibration, Speed, Traffic flow, Routing choice and
Lanka •
& Pasindu (2017) Geometry were calibrated
using a Micro-Simulation Technique For operational calibration Car following, Lane change behavior and
•
Lane change distance were used..

5
 LITERATURE REVIEW
TITLE AUTHOR SUMMARY CALIBERATION PARAMETERS

• Scenario using NPRT help in decreasing queue length

Optimizing and and also reduce delay and increase volume per hour. • Average standstill safety distance
Modelling Tollway Bains et al. • While scenario 2 result was not good it was based on • Keep lateral distance from vehicle
Operations Using (2017) segregating lanes for HV and car for improving level of • Minimum lateral distance
Microsimulation. service and decreasing conflicts but due to segregation • Minimum lateral distance
of lanes volume decrease and queue length increased.

A simulation
Based study for
the Optimization • Result shows that using E-tag in lanes gives • Maximum speed of the vehicle
of Toll Plaza with Ahmad et al. improvement of 75.9 %, 93.6% and 57.7% in Average standstill safety distance
Different Lane •
Configuration: A (2021) throughputs, waiting time & queue length • The actual speed and acceleration of the vehicle in the
Case Study of Ravi respectively. road network
Toll Plaza Lahore,
Pakistan

4
 LITERATURE REVIEW
TITLE AUTHOR SUMMARY CALIBERATION PARAMETERS

Operational
Optimization of • Average standstill safety distance
• The model's application as toll plaza designing is also
Toll Plaza Queue Mittal & • Keep lateral distance from vehicle
studied after evaluating the number of toll lanes
length Using Sharma • Minimum lateral distance
Microscopic depending on minimum queue length and minimum
(2022) • Minimum lateral distance
Simulation VISSIM waiting time criteria.
Model.

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METHODOLOGY-

8
DATA COLLECTION-

way
A
o n- era
cti m
ri e Ca
D om
Fr

o n- he
cti T
i re ards
D w ra
To me
Ca

• There are 8 toll booths in the model through which

vehicles are passing as can be seen in the CCTV footage
data.

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VEHICLE Vehicle composition (Direction- Away from Camera)

COMPOSITION
2%
17%
CAR
LCV
7% TRUCK
BUS

74%

Vehicle composition (Direction- Towards the Camera)

9%
CAR
LCV
48% TRUCK
34% BUS

9%

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 TOTAL
SERVICE TIME
VOLUME

Total Number of vehicles in one hour

Average Service Time
20
17.67
18
Towards the camera 512 16 15.296

Service Time (Sec.)

14 13.16
12
10 8.64
Direction

7.75
8
6
3.7692 4.40 3.636
4
Away from Camera 632 2
0
CAR LCV TRUCK BUS

Vehicle type
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

No. of vehicles
AVERAGE SERVICE TIME (AWAY FROM CAMERA)
AVERAGE SERVICE TIME (TOWARDS THE CAMERA)

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BASE MODEL DEVELOPMENT

12
DATA INPUT

13
 tion
lec Node
col
ta s
Da int
po

eed
sp
ced
du
Re eas
ar

14
SIMULATION

15
CALIBRATION PARAMETERS

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RESULTS-
Total volume
% Error in volume
700
632 12
600 570.16 579.7
539.3 533.03 9.78481012658227
512 10

% Error (Absoulte value)

500 8.27531645569619
Vehicles per hour

8
400
6 5.06211755979973
300
3.94536892857812
200 4

100 2

0 0
away from camera towards the camera away from camera towards the camera
Direction Direction

total volume before caliberation total volume after caliberation total input volume total % error before caliberation total % error after caliberation

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VOLUME (AFTER CALIBERATION)

One hour Volume (After caliberation) One hour Volume (After caliberation)
350 329.74 500 468
444.7
450
300
244 400
250 350
No. of Vehicle

No. of Vehicle
200 176 300
144.92 250
150 200
100 150
96.97 108
48 44 100
50 31.38 26.99 32.09 44
50 5.94 12
0 0
car hgv bus lcv car hgv bus lcv

Type of vehicles Type of Vehicle

towards the camera simulated towards the camera observed away from camera simulated away from camera observed

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QUEUE RESULT (AFTER CALIBERATION)

QLENMAX QSTOPS

40.81

39
35.42
29.94

29.43

28.77
27.85
Maximum queue length

27
23.21

25

25

24
queue stops

23
17.86

20

20
TOLL A TOLL B TOLL C TOLL D TOLL E TOLL F TOLL G TOLL H TOLL A TOLL B TOLL C TOLL D TOLL E TOLL F TOLL G TOLL H

toll booth TOLL BOOTH

• AVERAGE QUEUE LENGTH IS - 29.16125 , AVERAGE QUEUE STOPS IS - 25.375

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DELAY AND LOS-

LOS ( BEFORE LOS (AFTER

Vehicle Delay
Direction TOLL COUNTER- CALIBERATION) CALIBERATION)
VEH. DELAY(BEFORE CALIBERATION) VEH. DELAY(AFTER CALIBERATION)
TOLL A LOS_A LOS_A

21.25
20.59
TOLL B LOS_B LOS_A
Away from camera
TOLL C LOS_A LOS_A

15.6
14.12
Delay (in seconds)
TOLL D LOS_B LOS_B

10.87
10.75

10.3
8.12

7.86
7.79
TOLL E LOS_A LOS_A

6.25
6.11

6.03
5.82

5.17
4.85
TOLL F LOS_A LOS_A
Towards the camera
TOLL G LOS_C LOS_C
TOLL A TOLL B TOLL C TOLL D TOLL E TOLL F TOLL G TOLL H
TOLL H LOS_C LOS_B Away from camera To ward s th e cam era
COMBINED LOS_B LOS_B Tolls-

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PRACTICAL ISSUES-

Data
Availability

Calibration and
Human Factors
Validation

Accuracy of the
Simulation
Model

Computational
Resources

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CONCLUSION-
• This study has effectively shown the value of include driver behaviour in traffic simulation models and the
necessity of calibration to provide reliable findings.

• To boost the model's capacity for traffic flow and improve its accuracy, the parameters CC0 and CC1 were
modified.

• The simulation findings demonstrated that after modifying the driving behaviour settings, the total volume
input and level of service both improved.

• After the model calibration, the vehicle delay was also decreased. The model's accuracy was raised as a
consequence of the calibration process's decrease of error values.

• Overall, the findings of this work may be applied to enhance the precision of traffic simulation models and
optimise toll plaza operations.

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THANKS

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 REFERENCES-
• Bari, C., Gupta , U., Chandra, D., antoniou, c., & dhamaniya, a. (2021). Examining effect of electronic Toll collection (ETC) System on Queue Delay Using Microsimulation Approach at
toll plaza - A case study of ghotitoll plaza, India.

• Mahdi, M. B., Leong, L. V., & Sadullah, A. F. (2019). Use of Microscopic Traffic Simulation Software to Determine Heavy-Vehicle Influence on Queue Lengths at Toll Plazas.

• Hilmy, A., & Hamid, A. (2011). Simulation of Traffic Operation and Management at Malaysian Toll Plazas using VISSIM. doi:10.13140/2.1.2633.8249

• Vidanapathirana, C., & Pasindu, H. (2017). Analysis of Toll Station Operations in Sri Lanka using a Micro-Simulation Technique.

• Manraj Singh Bains, K.S Anbumani, Shriniwas S. Arkatkar and Siva Subramaniam (2017) Optimizing and Modelling Tollway Operations Using Microsimulation.

• Shakir Ahmad, Shahid Ali, Nazam Ali, Muhammad Ashraf Javid (2021) A simulation Based study for the Optimization of Toll Plaza with Different Lane Configuration: A Case Study of
Ravi Toll Plaza Lahore, Pakistan

• Himanshu Mittal and Naresh Sharma (2022) Operational Optimization of Toll Plaza Queue length Using Microscopic Simulation VISSIM Model.

• Umitcan Ozdemir, Mustafa Gursoy and Goker Aksoy (2022) Examination of Delay and Travel Time at Highway Toll Booth Using A Micro Simulation Program: Example of Northern
Marmara Highway Kurnakoy Toll Booth

• PTV VISSIM 7 user manual.