Learning Competencies

Learning Competencies
In our world, there are many
relationships that we can
observe.

For instance, our nails and hair

grows as time goes by. The
longer a car travels, the more
distance it covers.
If you read more books, you become more knowledgeable. If
you buy more items, the more money you will spend. There is a
relationship that you can observe here—as the value of one
object increases, the value of the other object increases. Can
you think of other examples of this kind of relationship?
In mathematics, this relationship is called a direct variation. In
this lesson, you will learn more about direct variation and how it
is applied in real-life situations.
Lesson 4.1

Direct Variation
 Learning Competencies

At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to do

the following:
● Illustrate situations that involve the following variations:
(a) direct; (b) inverse; (c) joint; (d) combined (M9AL-lla-1).

● Translate into variation statement a relationship between

two quantities given by: (a) a table of values; (b) a
mathematical equation; (c) a graph, and vice versa
(M9AL-lla-b-1).
 Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the learners should be able to

do the following:

● Identify a direct variation.

● Write the equation of a direct variation.
● Solve word problems involving direct variation.
 Essential Questions

● On what instances are direct variations applicable in real-

life situations?

● Can all situations be related to direct variation? Why do

you think so?
 Learn about It!

Variation

This refers to the relationships between different quantities

and variables.

Example:
A relationship between two variables where one increases as
the other increases is an example of variation.
 Learn about It!

Direct Variation

This is a relationship between two variables wherein as one

increases or decreases, the other also increases or decreases
proportionately.
Learn about It!
Learn about It!
Learn about It!
Learn about It!
 Learn about It!

Direct Variation

Example:
The total cost and number of apples bought illustrate a direct
variation since the total cost increases as the number of
apples bought increases. The total cost decreases as the
number apples bought decreases.
 Learn about It!

Constant of Variation

This describes the magnitude or the strength of the

relationship between two quantities. It is usually denoted by .

Example:
If apples cost ₱, the constant of variation is or
.
 Learn about It!

Equation of Direct Variation

This is a mathematical sentence that describes the relationship

between two quantities that are directly proportional.

The statement “ varies directly as ” is written as , where is the

constant of variation
 Learn about It!

Equation of Direct Variation

Example:
If varies directly as and when , what is the equation of
variation?
 Learn about It!

Equation of Direct Variation

Example:
To find the equation of variation, transform the variation
statement into a mathematical sentence. Substitute the values
of and to solve for and then write the equation by
substituting the value of to the original equation.
 Learn about It!

Equation of Direct Variation

Example:
 Learn about It!

Equation of Direct Variation

Example:
Thus, the equation of variation is .
 Try
Let’sit!Practice

Example 1: If varies directly as , and when , what is the

equation of variation?
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 1: If varies directly as , and when , what is the

equation of variation?

Solution:
1. Translate the variation statement into an equation.
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 1: If varies directly as , and when , what is the

equation of variation?

Solution:
2. Solve for using
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 1: If varies directly as , and when , what is the

equation of variation?

Solution:
3. Substitute the value of 𝑘 to the original equation.

Thus, the equation of variation is .

 Try
Let’sit!Practice

Example 2: If varies directly as , and when , find when .

 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: If varies directly as , and when , find when .

Solution:
1. Translate the variation statement into an equation.
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: If varies directly as , and when , find when .

Solution:
2. Solve for using and .
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: If varies directly as , and when , find when .

Solution:
3. Write the equation of variation.
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: If varies directly as , and when , find when .

Solution:
4. Substitute to to solve for .
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: If varies directly as , and when , find when .

Solution:
4. Substitute to to solve for .
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: If varies directly as , and when , find when .

Solution:
Therefore, the value of when is 10.
 Try It!

Individual Practice:
1. If varies directly as the square of and when , what is
the equation of variation?

2. If varies directly as the square of , what is the effect

on if is decreased by ?
 Try It!

Group Practice: To be done in groups of two to five.

If 12 men can make 8 handicrafts in an hour, how

many handicrafts can 15 men make at the same time?
 Key Points

● Variation refers to the relationships between different

quantities and variables.

● A direct variation is a relationship between two variables

wherein as one increases or decreases, the other also
increases or decreases proportionately.
 Key Points

● The constant of variation describes the magnitude or

the strength of the relationship between two quantities.
This is usually denoted by .

● An equation of direct variation is a mathematical

sentence that describes the relationship between two
quantities that are directly proportional. The statement “
varies directly as ” is written as , where is the constant of
variation
 Bibliography

Byant, Merden L. et al. Mathematics Learner’s Module for Grade 9. Manila: FEP Printing Corp., 2017.

Online Math Help & Learning Resources. “Direct Variation.” OnlineMathLearning.com. Retrieved 21 May
2019 from https://bit.ly/2VExpB5

Pike, Scott. “Direct Variation.” Mesa Community College. Retrieved 21 May 2019 from
https://bit.ly/2JVN3FV

Pike, Scott. “Solving Direct Variation Problems – Practice Problems.” Mesa Community College. Retrieved
21 May 2019 from https://bit.ly/26BwZgm

“Word Problems: Direct Variation.” Math.info. Retrieved 21 May 2019 from https://bit.ly/2JVZ5iz