MECHANICAL

SEALS
II -- TECHNICAL
TECHNICAL THEORY
THEORY
OF
OF MECHANICAL
MECHANICAL SEALS
SEALS

2
 PUMPING
PUMPING SEALS
SEALS

PACKING
PACKING SEALS
SEALS --11

MECHANICAL
MECHANICAL SEALS
SEALS --22

3
 Packing
Packing seals
seals --11

4
PACKING
PACKING THROAT BUSH
LANTERN RING
WITHOUT
WITHOUT
PACKING
SLEEVE
SLEEVE
FOLLOWER
GLAND

Equipment

5
• Wear is directly on shaft
PACKING
PACKING THROAT BUSH
LANTERN RING
WITH
WITH
PACKING
SLEEVE
SLEEVE
FOLLOWER
GLAND

SLEEEVE

Equipment

Wear is on *
the sleeve
6
Horizontal Surface wear Shaft wear

Equipment

Now it is essential to find a solution to avoid shaft wear,

Such as finding another surface of another parts to be
worn but easy and cheap to be replaced, It is the
MECHANICAL
7 SEAL
 Mechanical
Mechanical Seals
Seals --22

8
 Vertical surface wear Scarifying
elements

Equipment

9
 Single
Singlemechanical
mechanicalseal
seal
Rotary Elements Stationary Element
Carbon ring -1
Snap Ring -2 Tungsten Carbide ring
O” Rings“ -3 Or
Silicon Carbide ring
Springs -4
Sleeve -5

Equipment

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SINGLE IMPELLER PUMP

MECHANICAL SEAL

HANGED
HANGEDBEAM
BEAM
11 IMPELLER
IMPELLER
 MULTI STAGE PUMP

MECHANICAL SEALS

DRIVE END NON-DRIVE END

IN-BETWEEN
IN-BETWEENTWO
TWO
12 BEARINGS IMPELLER
BEARINGS IMPELLER
 Mechanical
Mechanical seal
seal and
and bearings
bearings arrangement
arrangement

oil

Equipment

13
14
 Mechanical
seal

Mechanical
seal
Thrust
15
Bearing
Bellow
Bellow Type
Type Mechanical
Mechanical Seal
Seal

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17
Bellow
Bellow Mechanical
Mechanical Seal
Seal

BELLOW

Rotary ring Stationary ring

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 Double
Double Mechanical
Mechanical seal
seal Bellow
Bellow type
type

BELLOW BELLOW

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Bellows Bellows
–Uniform uniform stress distribution

– 45° tilt for enhanced

fatigue strength

–Three sweep radius

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Bellows
Bellows Benefits
Benefits
• For high temperature applications
>260°C/500°F

• For higher pressure

• Generally have light spring loads

–Less heat
–Low power consumption
–Longer seal life
• 21Pressure balanced by design
Split
Split Type
Type Mechanical
Mechanical Seal
Seal

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 Split
Split Seals
Seals

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Cartridge
Split Seal

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 Plant
Plant Operations
Operations
• Rotating equipment maintenance
costs can be about 20 % of the
total maintenance budget.

• Rotating equipment is taken out of

service 70% of the time due to a
leaking Mechanical seal.

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Split
Split Seals
Seals
• Benefits Over Mechanical Seals :
– No Dismantling of Equipment

– Fast maintenance / high equipment

availability
– Reduced man hours / improve productivity

– Reduced complexity
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Split
Split Seals
Seals merits
merits

Production

Manpower

Maintenance Budget

Time
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Rival
Rival Sealing
Sealing Technology
Technology
Mechanical seals
Are the dominant technology in many
industries.

Split Seals
-All the advantages of mechanical seals.
-Plus, they are easier and quicker to install
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Split
Split Seals
Seals
• Target Applications
– Shaft size greater than 3” / 76 mm
– Vertical pumps (vertical in line)

• Limitations of Split Seals

– Not recommended for applications where
emissions will be a dangerous to the
environment or humans
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Tank

30
Tank Non-sparking material bush

Packing Adjusting nut

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