MYOCARDIAL INFRACTION

BY PRERNA YADAV
NIDHI YADAV
(B.Sc NURSING 4TH YR)
 INTRODUCTION
Meaning Myo means Muscle , Cardiac means
Heart, Infraction Means Death of tissue due to lack
of blood supply.
It is also called Heart attack.
It occurs when Coronary artery become blocked
and the part of myocardial muscle become dead
due to prolonged lack of oxygen supply to the
muscles.
 INCIDENCE
 Incidence is highly in older age people.
 About 5% Occurs in people under age
40yr.
 Mails are at higher risk compare to
female .
 Women during reproductive period
have low risk.
 Over last 30year the rate of disease
increased from 2-6 % in rural
population and 4-12 % in urban
population.
 In 2021 total 2541 death occur in India
due to MI.
 DEFINITION
It is defined as a disease condition which is caused by
reduced blood flow in the coronary artery due to any
obstruction in the coronary artery .

It is the irreversible damage of myocardial tissue caused

by prolonged ischemia and hypoxia.
 CAUSES
Coronary artery thrombosis.
Coronary atherosclerosis.
Coronary Spasm.
Coronary artery infection.
Trauma causing rupture in the coronary
arteries.
 RISK FACTOR
Tobacco.
Diabetes.
High blood pressure.
High blood cholesterol level.
High blood triglyceride level.
Obesity.
Lack of physical activity.
Stress.
 CLASSIFICATION
Acc to Degree of damage

Zone of
Zone of injury
infraction

Zone of
ischemia
 Zone of infraction
Death of heart muscles.
Complete oxygen deprivation.
Irreversible.
 Zone of Injury
Muscle surrounding area of nacrosis _
Inflamed and injured but viable.
 Zone of Ischemia
• Full recovery is possible.