Perancangan Sistem

Transmisi
 Perancangan Sistem Transmisi FO

Perancangan Optical Fiber terdiri dari 3

hal :
1. Sistem & Solusi FO
2. Capacity Planning
3. Link Budget
Basic FO System
 Basic FO System

Tipe FO
1. Multimode
2. Singlemode
3. Graded-Index
Basic FO System
Struktur FO
Struktur FO Multimode
Struktur FO Singlemode
 Total Internal Reflection
in Step-Index Multimode Fiber

© = sin¯ 1(n2/n1) t = Propagation Time

t Vacuum: n=1, t=3.336ns/m
V =c/n
t Water : n=1.33, t=4.446ns/m
t = L·n/c
PONs Slide 9
Types of Optical Fiber

Popular Fiber
Sizes

Multimode Graded-
Index Fiber

Single-mode
Fiber

PONs Slide 10
 Optical Loss versus Wavelength

 Click to edit Master text styles

– Second level
 Third level
– Fourth level

PONs Slide 11
 Sources of Dispersion

Total Dispersion

Multimode Chromatic
Dispersion Dispersion

Material
Dispersion

PONs Slide 12
 Multimode Dispersion

1 0 1 1 1 11

Dispersion limits bandwidth in optical fiber

PONs Slide 13
 Graded-index Dispersion

1 0 11 1 0 1

PONs Slide 14
 Single-Mode Dispersion

1 0 11 1 0 1

In SM the limit bandwidth is caused by chromatic dispersion.

PONs Slide 15
 System Design Consideration

How to calculate bandwidth?

For a 1.25 Gb/s we need a BW of 0.7 BitRate = 1.143ns

Tc = Dmat *  * L
For Laser 1550nm Fabry Perot
Tc = (20ps/nm * km) * 5nm * 15km = 1.5ns

For Laser 1550nm DFB

Tc = (20ps/nm * km) * 0.2nm * 60km = 0.24ns

PONs Slide 16
Material Dispersion (Dmat)

PONs Slide 17
 Spectral Characteristics

LASER/laser diode: Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Done of the wide range of
devices that generates light by that principle. Laser light is directional, covers a narrow range of
wavelengths, and is more coherent than ordinary light. Semiconductor diode lasers are the standard light
sources in fiber optic systems. Lasers emit light by stimulated emission .
PONs Slide 18
Laser Optical Power Output vs. Forward Current

Laser

PONs Slide 19
 Light Detectors

PIN DIODES (PD)

- Operation simular to LEDs, but in reverse, photon are converted to electrons
- Simple, relatively low- cost
- Limited in sensitivity and operating range
- Used for lower- speed or short distance applications

AVALANCHE PHOTODIODES (APD)

- Use more complex design and higher operating voltage than PIN diodes
to produce amplification effect
- Significantly more sensitive than PIN diodes
- More complex design increases cost
- Used for long-haul/higher bit rate systems

PONs Slide 20
Wavelength-Division Multiplexing

PONs Slide 21
WDM Duplexing

PONs Slide 22
 Basic Configuration of PON

OLT = Optical Line Termination

ONU = Optical Network Unit
BMCDR = Burst Mode Clock Data Recovery
PONs Slide 23
Typical PON Configuration and Optical Packets

PONs Slide 24
Eye diagram of ONU transceiver
in burst mode operation

PONs Slide 25
Burst-Mode Transmitter in ONU

PONs Slide 26
OLT Burst-Mode Receiver

PONs Slide 27
Burst-Mode CDR

PONs Slide 28
 Sampling

Ideal sampling instant

Hysteresis

Superimposed interference

Ideal, error-free transmission

PONs Slide 29
Transceiver Block Diagram

PONs Slide 30
Optical Splitters

PONs Slide 31
Optical Protection Switch
Optical Splitter

PONs Slide 32
Relationship between transmission distance
and number of splits

PONs Slide 33
GbE Fiber Optic Characteristics

PONs Slide 34