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    Pneumocephalus

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    Fikri Ichsan
    Pneumocephalus is the presence of air in the intracranial cavity and can be classified as acute or delayed. The main causes are head trauma (75% of cases) and infections such as chronic otitis media (9% of cases). Air can accumulate in different locations including the epidural, subarachnoid, intraventricular, intracerebral, or subdural spaces. Treatment involves positioning the patient with the head elevated to allow absorption of the air pockets, administering antipyretics to prevent fever, and using osmotic diuretics in some cases. For tension pneumocephalus, surgical drainage of the air through burr holes or needle aspiration may be

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    Pneumocephalus

    Uploaded by

    Fikri Ichsan
    16 views12 pages
    Pneumocephalus is the presence of air in the intracranial cavity and can be classified as acute or delayed. The main causes are head trauma (75% of cases) and infections such as chronic otitis media (9% of cases). Air can accumulate in different locations including the epidural, subarachnoid, intraventricular, intracerebral, or subdural spaces. Treatment involves positioning the patient with the head elevated to allow absorption of the air pockets, administering antipyretics to prevent fever, and using osmotic diuretics in some cases. For tension pneumocephalus, surgical drainage of the air through burr holes or needle aspiration may be

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    Pneumocephalus

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    Pneumocephalus is the presence of air in the intracranial cavity and can be classified as acute or delayed. The main causes are head trauma (75% of cases) and infections such as chronic otitis media (9% of cases). Air can accumulate in different locations including the epidural, subarachnoid, intraventricular, intracerebral, or subdural spaces. Treatment involves positioning the patient with the head elevated to allow absorption of the air pockets, administering antipyretics to prevent fever, and using osmotic diuretics in some cases. For tension pneumocephalus, surgical drainage of the air through burr holes or needle aspiration may be

    Copyright:

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    16 views12 pages

    Pneumocephalus

    Uploaded by

    Fikri Ichsan
    Pneumocephalus is the presence of air in the intracranial cavity and can be classified as acute or delayed. The main causes are head trauma (75% of cases) and infections such as chronic otitis media (9% of cases). Air can accumulate in different locations including the epidural, subarachnoid, intraventricular, intracerebral, or subdural spaces. Treatment involves positioning the patient with the head elevated to allow absorption of the air pockets, administering antipyretics to prevent fever, and using osmotic diuretics in some cases. For tension pneumocephalus, surgical drainage of the air through burr holes or needle aspiration may be

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 12

    Pneumocephalus

    Fikri Ichsan Wiguna


    Intan Hazimi Permatasari
    21 Maret 2023
    Tipe Pneumocephalus

    Pneumocephalus

    Tension Pneumocephalus

    Sumber:
    1. Dabdoub C, Salas G, Silveira E doN, Dabdoub C. Review of the management of pneumocephalus. Surg Neurol Int. 2015;6(1):155.
    Etiologi:
    • Trauma (75%)
    • Infeksi (9%)  Umumnya Otitis Media Kronik
    • Operasi

    Lokasi:
    • Epidural
    Awitan: • Subarakhnoid
    • Akut (<72 jam)
    • Intraventrikuler
    • Delayed (≥72 jam)
    • Intraserebral
    • Subdural space  Tersering

    Patofisiologi:
    • The Effect of Ball Valve
    • Inverted Soda Bottle Effect

    Sumber:
    • Produksi gas in situ
    1. Dabdoub C, Salas G, Silveira E doN, Dabdoub C. Review of the management of pneumocephalus. Surg Neurol Int. 2015;6(1):155.
    Antibiotik Profilaksis?
    Rasionalisasi Penggunaan Antibiotik
    sebagai Pencegahan Meningitis pada Pneumocephalus
    Tata Laksana lainnya?
    Tata Laksana Pneumocephalus

    Penyerapan spontan

    Fowler (30o), hindari mengedan


    85%
    Antipiretik untuk mencegah hipertermia terserap

    Diuretik osmotik

    Sumber:
    1. Dabdoub C, Salas G, Silveira E doN, Dabdoub C. Review of the management of pneumocephalus. Surg Neurol Int. 2015;6(1):155.
    Tata Laksana Tension Pneumocephalus

    Burrhole

    Needle aspiration

    Penutupan defek dural

    Sumber:
    1. Dabdoub C, Salas G, Silveira E doN, Dabdoub C. Review of the management of pneumocephalus. Surg Neurol Int. 2015;6(1):155.
    Referensi
    1. Dabdoub C, Salas G, Silveira E doN, Dabdoub C. Review of the
    management of pneumocephalus. Surg Neurol Int. 2015;6(1):155.
    2. Villalobos T, Arango C, Kubilis P, Rathore M. Antibiotic prophylaxis after
    basilar skull fractures: A meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 1998;27(2):364–9.
    3. Fistulae F. Hilary A. Brodie. Prophylactic antibiotics for post traumatic
    cerebrospinal fluid fistula a meta analysis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck
    Surg. 1997;123:749-752. Lancet. 1974;304(7888):1054–5.
    4. Eftekhar B, Ghodsi M, Nejat F, Ketabchi E, Esmaeeli B. Prophylactic
    administration of ceftriaxone for the prevention of meningitis after
    traumatic pneumocephalus: Results of a clinical trial. J Neurosurg.
    2004;101(5):757–61.

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