DAR ES SALAAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

ORDINAL DIPLOMA IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
NTA LEVEL 6
PROJECT 1

TITLE: DESIGNING OF AN AUTOMATIC CIRCUIT FOR FILLING WATER INTO

TWO WATER TANKS SIMULTENUOSLY BY USING SOLAR AS BACK UP POWER
AT KIGAMBONI

PROJECT TYPE: PROBLEM SOLVING

NAME: HAMISI .K. ABDALLAH
ADMISSION NO: 160320360569
CLASS: OD 16 EE
YEAR: 2018/2019
 INTRODUCTION
Kigamboni is a place located at Temeke municipals in Dar es salaam region. In this place there is scarcity of water and since there is no supply of it from the supply authority, peoples decide to
dig their own wells and use electric pump in order to get water for daily use at home like for drinking, cooking and washing.
The owner of one of the resident at Kigamboni dig well and using the system of filling water into his two tanks that is time consuming and it cause the lost of water. So to solve this problem there
is sufficient way must be used technically.

PROBLEM STATEMENT

In Kigamboni there is a house which has got a well and water pump, the
owner loosing water due to filling into his two tanks by waiting till water
is poured out as the sign that water is full in the tanks. And also when
Tanesco power is not available he fail to pump water into the tanks.
 PROJECT OBJECTIVES

MAIN OBJECTIVE
To design an automatic circuit to control water pumping to fill two water
tanks simultaneously.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
a) To design an automatic circuit to fill water into two tanks.
b) To select the components.
c) To build prototype.
d) To test the prototype.
 LITERATURE REVIEW
This chapter deals with the review which gives an overview or act as a
stepping stones of the project.

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF EXISTING SYSTEM

 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROPOSED SYSTEM

Where by:
TSP ~ Tanesco power source SV 1 ~ Valve one
SPS ~ Solar power sources SV 2 ~ Valve two
CS ~ Changeover switch
CCS ~ Control circuit
WS 1 ~ Level sensor one
WS 2 ~ Level sensor two
 DATA COLLECTION

The followings are data taken from the site and can help in collecting
proper components and designing

DATA NAME DATA VALUE

Pump used 0.75 hp
Tank capacity @ 3000 liters
Supply voltage 220 ~ 230 volt
Depth of the well 70 m
Length of the pipe 77.2 m
Length of the tank and its 7.2 m
supporting structure
Time to fill tanks 1h and 40 min
 DATA ANALYSIS
MAIN POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM
The purpose of power supply section is to convert 240V AC to 5V and 12V DC. Since 240V AC is too high to reduce it
directly, therefore we need a step-down transformer that reduces the line voltage to certain voltage that will help to convert
it in to a 12V DC.

BACK UP POWER SUPPLY

In here, I use the solar power as the back-up power source of the system. The system require the supply voltage of 12 volt.
PV array sizing
The number of solar panel required are calculated as follows:-
Total amp-hour per day required = Daily load demand (Wh)/ System voltage (V)

= 375/12
=31 Ah
Module charging current = total amp-hours required (Ah) / total available sunlight hours (hours)
= 31/5
 = 6.2 A
123W, 7A photo watt – solar panel is selected (polycrystalline) from table.

Number of solar panel

Number of panel = number of charging current (A) / current chosen panel
(A)
= 6.2 / 7
= 0.8
=1
The number of solar panel required is one

Battery sizing
Battery sizing is the capability of a battery system to meet the load demand
with no contribution from the PV system.
From daily load, add 20% safety factor
= 375 + 375 × 0.2
= 450 Wh/day
Battery size = days of autonomy× total load / system voltage × efficiency
after loss
= 2 × 450 / 12 × 0.6
= 125 Ah
PVSB, BAE, 12V(12V, 130 Ah) is chosen.

Number of battery
Number of battery required = battery size calculated (Ah) / battery size
available(Ah)
= 125 / 150
= 0.8
=1
One battery is required for the system
THE OVERALL PROPOSED CIRCUIT
CONCLUSION
The main objectives of this project is to design the circuit to control the filling
of water into two tanks automatically. The circuit has been built according
to the data collection and analysis I have done, and I tested it to see if it
reach the main objectives of it design. The prototype has been successful
operated.

RECOMMENDATION
Since this system has been designed to control water level in residential house
tanks at Kigamboni, it can also be used to control water level in the
community to fill larger tanks. Also this system can be used in industries
to control oil level in tanks.