Data Communications and

Computer Networks

Chapter 6
Internetworking

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Outline:
 Intranet and Extranet
 Internet
 Network addressing
 IPv6

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What is internet work?
 Two or more networks using different networking
protocols, connected by means of a router.
 Users on an internet work can access the resources of
all connected networks
 intranet A private corporate network that uses Internet
software and TCP/IP networking protocol standards.
 Many companies use intranets for tasks as simple as
distributing a company newsletter and for tasks as
complex as posting and updating technical support
bulletins to service personnel worldwide.
 An intranet does not always include a permanent
connection to the Internet.

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 extranet describes a technology that allows different
corporate intranets to communicate for the purposes of
electronic commerce and collaboration.
 Those parts of an extranet outside the firewall contain
their own set of security safeguards, allowing only
limited access for specific purposes.

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 Internet The world’s largest computer network,
consisting of millions of computers supporting tens of
millions of users in hundreds of countries.
 The Internet is growing at such a phenomenal rate that
any size estimates are quickly out of date.
 The Internet was originally established to meet the
research needs of the U.S. defense industry, but it has
grown into a huge global network serving universities,
academic researchers, commercial interests,
government agencies, and private individuals, both in
the United States and overseas.

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 The Internet uses TCP/IP protocols, and Internet
computers run many different operating systems,
including Microsoft Windows 2000, and many variations
of Unix.
 No government agency, single person, or corporate
entity controls the Internet; there is no Internet
Corporation working behind the scenes. All decisions on
methods and standards are made by committees based
on input from users.

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Internet use falls into several
major areas, including:
 E-mail Electronic mail. Well over 80 percent of the people
who use the Internet regularly use it for e-mail. You can send
e-mail to recipients in more than 150 countries, as well as to
subscribers of commercial online services, such as America
 IRC chat A service that connects large numbers of users in
real-time group discussions.
 World Wide Web Hypertext-based system for finding and
accessing Internet resources; the World Wide Web is one of
the fastest growing and most exciting of all Internet
applications.
 Other Internet applications such as Gopher, FTP and
anonymous ftp, and Telnet have either been over shadowed
by the growth of the World Wide Web or have seen their
function absorbed into the popular Web browsers.
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Network Addressing
 IP Address The unique 32-bit number that
identifies a computer on the Internet or some
other Internet Protocol network.
 An IP address is usually written (in decimal) as
four numbers separated by dots or periods and
can be divided into two parts.
 The network address is made up from the high
order bits in the address, and the host address
comprises the rest.
 The host part of the address can be further
subdivided to allow for a subnet address.
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Network ID or Network Portion
 Host on a network can only communicate
directly with devices if they have the same
network ID, i.e. same network or same subnet.
 The subnet mask determines the network
portion and the host portion.
 Network address cannot be used as an address
for any device that is attached to the network,
such as hosts, router interfaces, etc. (coming)

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