FORMS AND FUNCTIONS

OF STATE AND NON-STATE

INSTITUTION
UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY, AND POLITICS: MODULE 7
 States were the dominant actors in the
international arena.
 A State is an organized political community
acting under a government and united by
common set of laws.
 It uses absolute power in directing the path of a
society. It also uses complete political
STATE
coerciveness, which may come in the form of
armed forces personnel, stricter laws, and rigid
government policies in order to attain its societal
goals and objectives.
• Market exchange
is the primary form
of economic
subsistence of a
state, wherein
standardized
currencies are
being used to
exchange
commodities.
 THE CONCEPT OF
The state is a political geological STATE IS
DIFFERENT FROM
entity; the nation is a cultural or THE CONCEPT OF
GOVERNMENT
ethnic entity.
A government is a
particular group of
As a citizen of a country, an people that controls
individual is subjected to the legal the state at a given
Norms in the territory. time.
ELEMENTS OF THE
STATE
POPULATION
It is the people
who make the
State.
TERRITORY
People need territory
to live and organize
themselves socially
and politically. It
may be remembered
that the territory of
the state includes the
land, water, and
airspace.
GOVERNMENT
Organization or
machinery or agency
of the state which
makes, Implements,
enforces, and
adjudicates the laws
of the state.
SOVEREIGNTY
It’s the basis which
the state regulates all
aspects of the life of
the people living in
its territory.
FORMS OF
STATE
 A.
AUTHORITARI
 Monarchy, is a form of government AN
in which supreme power is absolutely GOVERNMENT
lodged with an individual, who is the Differ in who
head of state, often for life or until holds power and
abdication. The person who heads a in how control
monarchy is called a Monarch. they assume over
those who
govern. An
example of this
type is monarchy.
TOTALITARIANISM
Is a political system
that strives to regulate
nearly every aspect of
public and private life.
It theoretically
permits no individual
freedom and that
seeks to subordinate
all aspects of
individual life to the
authority of the state.
 B.
OLIGARCHIC
GOVERNMENT
 Theocracy is a government by divine An oligarchy is a form of
government in which power
guidance or by official who are Regarded as effectively rests with a
divinely guided. Leaders are members of the small-elite segment of
clergy, and the State’s legal system is based society distinguished by
on religious law. Contemporary examples of royalty, wealth, Family,
Theocracies include Saudi Arabia, Iran, and military, or religious
the Vatican. hegemony. An oligarchy
does not have one clear
ruler, but several powerful
people who rule. One
common example is
Theocracy.
 C.
DEMOCRATIC
GOVERNMENT
Democracy is a form of
government in which the
right to governs is held by
the majority of citizens
within a country or a state.
The two principles of
democracy are that all
citizens have equal access
to power and that all
citizens enjoy universally
recognized freedoms and
liberties. People can either
become country leaders
through electoral process or
elect leaders who represent
ROLES OF THE
STATE
1. STATE PROVIDES SECURITY AGAINST EXTERNAL
AGGRESSIONS AND WAR. FOR THIS PURPOSE, THE
STATE MAINTAINS AN ARMY.
2. STATE ENSURES SECURITY AGAINST INTERNAL
DISTURBANCES DISORDERS AND CRIMES.
3. STATE LEGALLY GRANTS AND
GUARANTEES THE RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE.
4. THE STATE ISSUES AND REGULATES
CURRENCY AND COINAGE.
5. STATE UNDERTAKES STEPS FOR THE CREATION OF
NECESSARY CONDITIONS FOR THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC-
POLITICO-CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE PEOPLE.
6. STATE GRANTS CITIZENSHIP AND
PROTECTS THEIR INTERESTS AND RIGHTS.
7. STATE CONDUCTS FOREIGN RELATIONS,
FOREIGN TRADE AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS.
8. STATE SECURES THE GOALS OF NATIONAL
INTEREST IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS.
 NON-STATE
INSTITUTIONS
NON-STATE INSTITUTIONS
 Non-state institutions are people and/ or organization that
participate in International affairs and relations but are not affiliated
with any state or nation. These non-state institutions include the
following: bank and corporations, cooperatives and trade unions,
transnational advocacy groups, and development agencies and
international organizations.
 These non-state institutions are equally capable of influencing
policy formation and implementation.
 A. BANKS
Bank is a financial institution
licensed to provide several
financial services to different
types of customers. Banks are
in operation mainly for their
deposits and lending functions.
Customers are allowed to
deposit their money to banks
which grow through an interest
rate. Banks also provide loans,
with an interest to customers
who need money either for
personal consumption or for
investment and businesses.
Banks may be categorized into
major forms such as commercial
banks and investment banks.
 The two most well-known
financial institutions that are
actively shaping the
socioeconomic development
of the Philippines are the
World Bank and the Asian
Development Bank. They
have been providing
financial aid to the
Philippine government and
various non-governmental
organizations (NGOs) to
facilitate their development
objectives.
World Bank Asian Development Bank
CORPORATIO
NS
It is a form of business operation that declares the
business as a Separate entity guided by a group of
officers known as the Board of Directors. They were
created by individuals, stockholders or shareholders,
With the purpose of operating for profit. They have
all legal rights of an Individual, except for the right
to vote and certain limitations. They are given the
right to exist by the state that issues their charter.
Corporation example includes General Motors
Corporation an icon of American craftsmanship,
Apple Corporation as one of the famous tech
companies, Amazon Corporation founded by Jeff
Bezos is the world’s leading e-commerce and
Innovation company, Domino’s Pizza is a global
food chain company delivering quality food
worldwide.
COMMON TYPES OF
CORPORATIONS
A corporation can be created by a single shareholder or
by multiple shareholders who come together to pursue
common goal. A corporate can be formed as a for-profit
or a non-for-profit entity.
 For-profit entities form most
corporations, and they are formed to
generate revenues and provide a
return to their shareholders, according
to their percentage of ownership in
the Corporation. Examples: HBO in
partnership with International Rescue
Committee, Ford Motors and
Lynda.com.
• Not-for-profit entities operate under the category of charitable
Organizations, which are dedicated to a particular social cause
such as educational, religious. scientific, or research purposes.
Rather than distribute revenues to shareholders, not-for-profit
Organizations use their revenues to further their objectives.
Human Rights Campaign is a very impressive example of using
Facebook profile photos to spread the word far and wide about
campaign. Greenpeace, the environmental non-profit, used
GPS Technology to inform the public about their cause.
MULTINATION
AL
CORPORATIO
NS (MNC)
are business organization
that extends ownership,
management,
production, and sales
activities into several or
more countries. MNCs
are boon to the economic
growth and development
of the States.