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- e - Fa lak
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Prep t e r # 02
cha p
o n # 1 1
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Pakistan-Russia
Relationship
 Diplomatic Relations

✣ Diplomatic relations stared in 1948

✣ Mr. Shoaib Qureshi was appointed Pakistani ambassador to

Russia
✣ In June 1949,Russian PM, Marshal Joseph Stalin, invited PM,
Mr. Liaquat Ali Khan to visit Russia in August
✣ In July 1949, Trade delegation from Russia came to Pakistan but
no agreement was signed
 American Invitation

✣ In 1950, on the invitation of

President Truman, Laiquat Ali
Khan visited America instead
of Russia
 Steel Rerolling Mill
✣ “Pakistan day” was celebrated in Pakistani Consulate in Russian
capital “Moscow” (March, 1956)

✣ Russian Foreign Minister Molotov participated in that

function offered to set up steel rerolling mill

 Bilateral Relations
✣ To explore Oil in Pakistan, an agreement was signed in March
1961.
✣ Russian experts will search for gas for five years in Pakistan.

✣ After two years of this agreement, an air service has started

among both countries.
✣ In 1964 both countries agreed to start scientific and technical
cooperation.
 Economic Aid
✣ In 1965, Ayub Khan visited Russia

✣ Three pacts were signed and doubled the amount

of trade
✣ Russia announced to give loan of Rs. 15 crore to
Rs. 25 crore
 Cultural Agreements
✣ According to cultural agreements, an exchange of
art experts, students , writers and artists will be
made.
✣ In addition, Radio and television programs will
also be exchange.
✣ Russia also provided aid for Third five year plan
 Tashkent Agreement
✣ In January, 1966, “Tashkent Agreement”.

✣ To resolve the issue of

1) Prisoners of war

2) Return of occupied areas between India and Pakistan.

 Pakistan’s Withdraw
✣ After 1971…..

✣ Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto announced withdraw from

CENTO and SEATO.
✣ Reason was that America had never helped
Pakistan.
 SEATO
✣ In September of 1954, the United States, France, Great
Britain, New Zealand, Australia, the Philippines, Thailand
and Pakistan formed the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization,
or SEATO.
✣ The purpose of the organization was to prevent communism
(RUSSIA) from gaining ground in the region
 Pakistan Steel Mill

✣ In 1973 , Russia gave generators and important

equipments for thermal electricity plants.
✣ 1973 Steel Mill was planted in Karachi.

✣ Its construction was started in December 1973

 Geneva Pact
✣ In 1988, to resolve issue of Afghanistan, an agreement was
signed, Geneva Pact.
✣ According to this pact Russia will withdraw its forces
from Afghanistan within 9 months
✣ By the mid of 1989 all the forces were withdraw from
Afghanistan.
 Recapitulation
✣ Diplomatic Relations ✣ Cultural Agreement
✣ American Invitation ✣Tashkent Agreement
✣ Steel Rerolling Mill ✣Pakistan’s Withdraw
✣ Bilateral Relations ✣Pakistan’s Steel Mill
✣ Economic Aid ✣Geneva Pact
 Assignment
✣ What was the impact of Liaquat Ali Khan’s visit to America, in
the relations with Russia?
✣ When was Geneva Pact signed? And why?

✣ Describe Tashkent Agreement.

✣ Why did Pakistan withdraw from CENTO and SEATO?

✣ What was the impact of Ayub’s visit on Pak-Russia relations in

1965?
✣ Analyse the relations between Russia and Pakistan.
Good Luck