Internship Report

Under the guidance of

Kerala state pollution control board , Regional office Kozhikode

Manuraj P
2022MSES009
MSc Environmental Science
CURAJ
 Table of contents

01 Kerala state PCB

Water quality analysis-
Parameters and tests
04

02 River and River stations Air quality monitoring 05

03 Sampling Conclusion 06
Kerala State Pollution Control Board

 Kerala state Pollution Control Board was set up in 1974.

 Pollution Control board works and set up based on provisions of four
main acts
• Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act 1974
• Air (Prevention and control of Pollution ) Act 1981
• Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Cess Act 1977
• Environment( Protection) Act 1986.
 Divided into 3 Regional offices and a central laboratory
• Kozhikode ,Ernakulam, Thiruvananthapuram
 Regional office Kozhikode
Districts offices
Main Programmes
• Kozhikode,
• National ambient air quality monitoring programme
• Malappuram, (NAMP)

• Kannur , • National water monitoring programme(NAWP)

• Kasaragod , • State Water Monitoring Programme (SWMP )

• Palakkad , Wayanad

Monitoring sites
• Five rivers
• Rural water supply and school water supply
• Canoli Canal and Mananchira Lake
• Two NAMP stations - Nallam and Kozhikode
• Out of five rivers 8 NWMP , Several SWMP Stations
 River and River Stations

Chaliyar River
• Nilambur ,
Kuttiyadi River Mahe River
• Koolimadu • EstateMukku • Valayam
• Chungapaally

Kallai River Iruvazhanji River Korapuzha(river)

• Chippilancode • Kanayankode
• Kallai
• Mukkam • Korapuzha
• Kuttipalachkal • Purakkatter
 Sampling Area

Siite 1

Chaliyar is the fourth longest river in Kerala at 169 km in length. The Chaliyar is also known as Beypore
River as it nears the sea. Nilambur, Edavanna, Areekode, Kizhuparamba, Cheruvadi,
Mavoor, Peruvayal, Feroke and Beypore are some of the towns/villages situated along the banks of
Chaliyar.

CR1(Nilambur ,3464 ,NWMP) CR2 ( Areekode, SWMP)

 Sampling Area

CR8 (Mundayamthode; SWMP) CR9 ( Vadapuram, SWMP)

CR 10(Kuruvanpuzha) SWMP
Site 2

Iruvazhinji river is located along the Mukkam and Thiruvambadi

villages of Kozhikode district is one of the tributaries of river
Chaliyar. There are three sampling points along the Iruvazhinji river
and there is about 10km distance between each sampling area.
Sampling points are
a)Cheppilankode – 5221
b)Mukkam Stretch – 5222
c) Kuttipalakkal – 5223
 Parameters and tests

pH – PH Meter DO – Winkler method

BODs, mg/L = (D1-D2)/P

Electrical Conductivity – Conductivity meter When dilution water is seeded:
BODs, mg/L=((D1-D2) - (B1-B2) *f))/P

Turbidity – Turbidity meter

COD – open reflux method,
COD as mg/L= (AB) x Nx 8 x 1000/V
A- mL FAS used for blank
Colour- Merck colour comparator B mL FAS used for sample
N- Normality of FAS, V- Volume of sample

Total dissolved solids (TDS) mg/L = (A-B) x 1000/v Total Suspended Solids (mg/l) = (A-B) x 1000/v
Where , A = weight of dish + dried residue, mg. Where , A=combined of filter and solid in mg,
B= weight of dish, mg B-weight of filter alone, in mg,
V = volume of sample V-volume of sample
Sodium , Potassium – flame photometric method

Fluoride – Electrometric method

Hardness = a volumetric titration method

involving EDTA

Sulphate – Spectrophotometric method

Nitrate- u-vis spectrotometricmethod

Other tests – alkanity , Chloride etc

Bacteriological analysis of water

 Total coliform and fecal coliform test
 Coliform Group: The coliform group is defined as those
facultative anaerobic, gram negative, non spore
forming, rod shaped bacteria that develop red colonies
with a metallic (golden) sheen within 24h at 35°C on an
Endotype medium containing lactose
 The membrane filter technique is highly reproducible
can be used to test relatively large sample volumes.
Bacteriological analysis of water
 . Bacteria that develop various shades of blue colonies an
M-FC Medium at 44.5±0.2°C are considered as faecal
coliforms
 The fecal coliform MF Technique uses an enriched medium
and incubation temperature of 44.5 ± 0.2°C for selectively.
 Fecal Colifoms cfu/100ml = (Coliform colonies counted/
Volume of sample filtered) x100

Total Coliform Fecal coliform

BIS Drinking Water Quality Parameters
Chaliyar River and Korappuzha River
 Instruments

Microbalance Incubator UV- VIS spetrophotometer

AAS

Turbidity and conductivity meter PH meter

Air Quality Monitoring
Under N.A.M.P.. 12 air pollutants
• . Sulphur Dioxide (SO2). Oxides of Nitrogen
• Particulate Matter (PM10) and Particulate Matter (PM2.5),
• Ozone (O3),
• Lead (Pb),
• Carbon Monoxide (CO),
• Ammonia (NH3).
• Benzene
• Benzo-Pyrene (BaP),
• Arsenic (As),
• Nickel (Ni)
Kozhikode Nallam
have been identified for regular monitoring at required the
locations/ Industrial unit.

Period and frequency of ambient or outdoor air quality

sampling procedure8 Hrs or 24 Hrs
 Conclusions

 During the internship period, we analysed the physical, chemical, and biological
parameters of Kallaipuzha, Chaliyar, Korapuzha, kuttyadipuzha and Mahe
rivers flow through the Kozhikode district
 We found that the rivers which are prone to pollution were Kuttyadipuzha and
Kallaipuzha based on test results
 The bacteriological analysis was also conducted in rivers, wells, and effluents to
identify the presence of coliform and e-coliform bacteria that cause severe health
problems to humans
 Kozhikode and Nallalam were the two stations where air quality is being
monitored. The major pollutants monitoring were oxides of nitrates, oxides of
sulphate, PM 2.5, and PM 10.
 The main benefit of the internship was that I gained an extensive amount of
knowledge on water and air quality, its parameters, and standards. From this
one-month internship programme, I understood the various test methods to
inspect the water and air quality parameters. I am sure that it will benefit me in
the future.