CLUTCH

Prof.Md.Khaled Khalil
 What is clutch?

 A Clutch is a machine member used

to connect the driving shaft to a driven
shaft, so that the driven shaft may be
started or stopped at will, without
stopping the driving shaft.

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 Function Of Clutch

 Clutch is used to transmit power from

driven shaft to driving shaft.
 In automobiles, where vehicle can be
stopped for a while or to change the gear,
the requirement is that the driven shaft
should stop but the engine should run
naturally under the no load condition.

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Function Of Clutch

 This is achieved by using clutch mounted

between engine shaft and gearbox shaft
and which is operated by a lever.

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 Purpose
To connect and disconnect engine power flow
to the transmission at the will of the driver.

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 Types Of Clutch
Positive Clutch

Fluid Coupling
Hydraulic
Clutch Hydraulic
Torque
Types of Converter
Clutches
Single plate
clutch
Plate Or Disc
Clutch
Multiplate
Clutch
Friction Clutch Cone Clutch

Centrifugal
Clutch

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 Positive Clutch

The engaging clutch

surfaces interlock to
produce rigid joint they
are suitable for situations
requiring simple and
rapid disconnection, the
engaging surfaces are
usually of jaw type.

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 Friction Clutch
In this type of clutches, friction force is used to
engage and disengage the clutch. A friction plate is
inserted between the driving member and the driven
member of clutch. When the driver releases the
clutch pedal, the driven member and driving member
of clutch, comes in contact with each other..

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 Cone Clutch
 The cone clutch consists
two cones , one internal
cone fixed to the driven
shaft and another cone
fitted on the driven
shaft.
 The main advantage of
cone clutch over the disc
clutch is very simple and
required less axial
pressure to disengaged
the clutch.

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Cone Clutch

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Single Plate or Disc Clutch
A single plate is commonly used
in cars and light vehicles. It has
only one clutch plate which is
mounted on the splines of the
clutch shaft.
 A flywheel is mounted on the
crankshaft of the engine. A
pressure plate is connected to the
flywheel through the bolts and
clutch springs. It is free to slide on
the clutch shaft with the
movement of clutch pedal.
 When clutch is in engaged
position, the clutch plate remains
gripped between flywheel and
pressure plate. Friction linings are
provided on both the sides of
clutch plate.
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Single Plate Clutch

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Clutch plate

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Multi Plate or Disc Clutch
 Multi-plate clutch
consists of more than
one clutch plates
contrary to single plate
clutch which consists of
only one plate. Friction
surfaces are made in
case of multi-plate
clutch. Due to increased
number of friction
surfaces, a multi-plate
clutch can transmit large
torque.
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Multiplate clutch

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 Centrifugal Clutch

This clutch system

employs centrifugal force to
automatically engage the
clutch when the engine
rpm rises above a threshold
and to automatically
disengage the clutch when
the engine rpm falls low
enough.

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 Centrifugal Clutch

F=mrω2

Driven
ω shaft

Driving ω
shaft
Friction
lining

Total friction torque , T = nµR(F-P)

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 Hydraulic clutch

This clutch uses hydraulic

fluid to transmit the torque.
According to their design, this
clutch is subdivided into two
types.
1.Fluid Coupling.
2.Hydraulic torque Converter.

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 Fluid Coupling

In this type of clutch there is no mechanical

connection between driving member and driven
member. A pump impeller is blotted on a driving
member and a turbine runner is bolted on the
driven member.

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 Fluid Coupling

 Both the above unit is enclosed into single

housing filled with a liquid. This liquid serve as the
torque transmitter form the impeller to the turbine.
 When the driving member starts rotating then the
impeller also rotates and through the liquid
outward by centrifugal action. This liquid then
enters the turbine runner and exerts a force on the
runner blade. This make the runner as well as the
driven member rotate.

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 Fluid Coupling

 The liquid from the runner then flows back into

the pump impeller, thus complete the circuit.
 It is not possible to disconnect to the driving
member to the driven member when the engine
is running. So the fluid coupling is not suitable
for ordinary gear box. It is used with automatic
or semi-automatic gear box.

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Fluid Coupling

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Hydraulic Torque Converter
 The main purpose of the torque converter is
to engage the driving member to driven
member and increase the torque of driven
member.
 In the torque converter, an impeller is bolted
on the driving member, a turbine is bolted on
the driven member and a stationary guide
vanes are placed between these two members.
 This all parts are enclosed into single housing
which filled with hydraulic liquid.
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Hydraulic Torque Converter
 The impeller rotates with the driven member and it
through the liquid outward by centrifugal action.
This liquid flowing from the impeller to turbine
runner exerts a torque on the stationary guide vanes
which change the direction of liquid, thereby
making possible the transformation of torque and
speed.
 The difference of torque between impeller and
turbine depends upon these stationary guide vanes.
The hydraulic torque converter is serve
the function of clutch as well as the automatic gear
box.
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Hydraulic Torque Converter

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THANK YOU….

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