TEERTHANKER MAHAVEER UNIVERSITY

TMIMT COLLEGE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

COURSE-B.P.ED.-206
UNIT-I

BY- Touheed Akhter

(Assistant Professor)
1.1- Education and Education Technology- Meaning and Definition

Meaning of Education- Man is considered the most valuable and superior creature
of God. One of an important ability which a man has and which makes him superior to other
animals is his ability to learn. Human beings has got intelligence. It does not imply that all the
other creature of the world do not have intelligence, but the intelligence which human beings
have enable them to modify his animal tendencies as needed by the society. Man can adapt
himself according to the environment in which he lives.
Various experts have defined the concept of education differently. Prof. Drever has defined it
is a process with the help of which one can give a proper shape to the knowledge, character
and behavior of someone. In other words, education is a constructive process which can lead
to enlightenment and can develop various aspects of an individual’s personality. With the
help of proper education, there can be physical development, mental development and social
development also. Education helps in developing the power of adaptation to an ever changing
social environment.
Definition of Education-
S.S.Machenizie,” In narrow sense, education can be taken to mean any well directed efforts to
develop and cultivate our powers.”
Shankracharya,” Process of education helps in producing self-realisation.”
Vivekananda,” Education is nothing but a manifestation of devine perfect which already exists in
a man.”
Meaning of Education Technology- Educational technology is the study
and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating,
using and managing appropriate technological processes and resources. The term
educational technology is often associated with , and encompasses, instructional
theory and learning theory. While instructional technology covers the processes
and systems of learning and instructions, educational technology includes other
systems used in the process of developing human capability. Education technology
includes, but is not limited to, software, hardware, as well as internet applications
and activities. But there is still debate on what these term means.
Definitions-
“Education technology is whatever stuff you need to use to support the practice of
effective teaching and learning.”.
“Educational technology is the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and
improving performance by creating, using and managing appropriate technological
processes and resources.”
1.2- Types of Education
1-Formal Education-Formal education or formal learning usually takes
place in the premises of the school, where a person may learn basic,
academic, or trade skills. Small children often attend a nursery or
kindergarten but often formal education begins in elementary school and
continues with secondary school. Post-secondary education (or higher
education) is usually at a college or university which may grant an
academic degree. It is associated with a specific or stage and is provided
under a certain set of rules and regulations. The formal education is given
by specially qualified teachers they are supposed to be efficient in the art
of instruction. It also observes strict discipline. The student and the teacher
both are aware of the facts and engage themselves in the process of
education.
2-Informal Education-Informal education may be a parent teaching a
child how to prepare a meal or ride a bicycle. People can also get an
informal education by reading many books from a library or educational
websites. Informal education is when you are not studying in a school and
do not use any particular learning method. In this type of education,
conscious efforts are not involved. It is neither pre-planned nor deliberate.
It may be learned at some marketplace, hotel or at home. Unlike formal
education, informal education is not imparted by an institution such as
school or college. Informal education is not given according to any fixed
timetable. There is no set curriculum required. Informal education consists
of experiences and actually living in the family or community.
3-Non-formal Education-Non-formal education includes adult basic
education, adult literacy education or school equivalency preparation. In
non-formal education, someone (who is not in school) can learn literacy,
other basic skills or job skills. Home education, individualized instruction
(such as programmed learning), distance learning and computer-assisted
instruction are other possibilities. Non-formal education is imparted
consciously and deliberately and systematically implemented. It should be
organized for a homogeneous group. Non-formal, education should be
programmed to serve the needs of the identified group. This will
necessitate flexibility in the design of the curriculum and the scheme of
evaluation.
1.3- Educative Process-
It can not be denied that education plays a significant role in human life. In
practically all cultures of the world, education is an important achievement
that many individuals aim for. This is because attaining even just basic
education gives a person such skills as knowing how to read, write, count,
speak in different language, and discover new ideas which help him
navigate through life and possibly even contribute to society as a whole. In
educative process, the student’s interest in the material to be learned is in
itself the best motivation for and stimulus to learning , instead of external
goals such as good grades, a competitive advantage, or social recognition
coming from peers, family and society. But any act of learning should go
beyond the pleasure it gives the individual in having acquired knowledge.
Learning and education greatly increases an individual’s career
opportunities and economic standing in the future. The educative process
involves two important human components: the teacher and the learner.
Teachers serve as the principal agents of learning to their students, and not
the teaching aids or technological devices being used in the learning
process.
1.4- Importance of Devices and Methods of Teaching
Importance of Devices- In the present modern time, education have
been decided as one of the necessaries like food, clothing, shelter. It is
because of the element of education that a child gets his all round
development which helps him to emerge as a young educational and
civilized person who will be the future of the country. Hence the aim of
education is the all round development of the child, for this very purpose
the teacher in order to impart education, sometimes uses some teaching aids
in order to make his pupils understand pertaining the educational concepts.
Teaching aids is considered to be as a something visual which promotes in
the learning process. Generally it represent a teaching method as well as an
aid to the more effective use of other types of method. The quality and
quantity of students learning should be increased by the use of the aids.
Teaching aids are an integral component in any classroom. The many
benefits of teaching aids include helping learners improve reading
comprehension skills, illustrating or reinforcing a skill or concept,
differentiating instruction and relieving anxiety or boredom by presenting
information in a new and exciting way.
Methods of Teaching-
In physical education, the teacher usually adopt a method which decidedly
has for reaching effects on the learning of his students due to the
complexity of the task involved in the field of physical education which is
a wonderful confluence of theory and practice. It is due to defective and
inefficient methods and techniques that many a teacher usually failed to
deliver the good to his pupils. Generally, a skilful teacher is easily
distinguishable from the one who is unskilled. Through many and varied
experiences, opportunities should be provided for physical education
student teachers to develop the ability:
1-To motivate pupils to develop and maintain good health and physical
fitness.
2- To guide learners in the pursuit of knowledge and skills.
3- To prepare boys and girls to become socially competent and worthwhile
citizens.
4- To prepare pupils to assume their responsibilities in a democratic society.
Lecture Method
 Demonstration Method
 Imitation Method
 At-Will Method
 Observation Method
 Visualization Method
 Command Method