Final Project Presentation

RIAZ AHMED (2384118) and AMAN SACHDEV (2384117)

SIR IQBAL BURCHA
 PROJECT CHARTER

GENERAL PROJECT INFORMATION

PROJECT NAME IUSS 5-Story Secondary School

PROJECT SPONSOR Aman Sachdev

PROJECT MANAGER Riaz Ahmed

o Project Sponsor
o Project Manager
o Architects and Engineers
o Construction Team
o Local Authorities and Regulatory Bodies
o School Authorities
STAKEHOLDERS o Students and Parents
o Community Members
o Environmental Agencies
o Grid Station
o Suppliers and Vendors
o Health and Safety Authorities
o Transportation Authorities
o Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)

EXPECTED START DATE 1st December, 2023

EXPECTED COMPLETION 31st January, 2025

DATE
PROJECT DETAILS

o Education Access
o Capacity Expansion
PURPOSE o Enhanced Learning Environment
o Energy Sustainability
o Infrastructure Development

The primary objectives of this project is to construct a modern secondary public school
facility, with a ground floor and five additional floors, that can accommodate a growing
student population by providing 15 classrooms on each floor, along with essential
facilities such as computer and science laboratories, male and female common
washrooms, faculty offices, administration offices, common rooms for faculty and girls, a
multipurpose hall for events, a playground, and parking for 10 vehicles. Furthermore, the
OBJECTIVES project aims to promote sustainability by incorporating a 100 KV solar power plant and
an RO plant, ensuring efficient energy utilization and access to clean drinking water. All of
these objectives are to be achieved within the allocated budget and a 16-month timeline
to enhance the educational environment, address community needs, and contribute to
energy efficiency and environmental responsibility.
To Construct a Secondary Public School with a Ground Floor and 5-floors.
o 15-classrooms on each floor
o 1 computer
o 1 science laboratory
o 5 common washrooms for males and 5 for females
o 20-faculty offices
o 5 administration offices
o 1 faculty common room
o 1 girl’s common room
o 1 multipurpose hall with the capacity of 500 people
o 1 playground and a parking space for 10 vehicles
o project will be equipped with 100 KV solar power plant and one RO plant.
o Total Covered Area is 1000-Square Yards
Total allocated budget is 156,553,000/- Rupees
Completion time is 14 months.

In Scope: Out of Scope

Construction of the School Building Furniture and Equipment Procurement
Classrooms Ongoing Maintenance
Computer Laboratory Operational Planning
Science Laboratory Student Enrollment
Common Washrooms Curriculum Development
Faculty Offices Community Programs
Administration Offices
Faculty Common Room
Girl's Common Room
Multipurpose Hall
Playground
Parking Space
Solar Power Plant
RO Plant Top of Form
 o Project Kickoff
o Site Selection and Preparation
o Architectural and Structural Design
KEY DELIVERABLES o Construction Commencement
o Completion of Each Floor
o Solar Power Plant Installation
o RO Plant Installation

MILESTONES

Milestone Description Time

Project Kickoff Officially launch the project, establish the project team, and hold an initial project meeting to discuss goals, roles, Month 1
and responsibilities.
Site Selection and Preparation Identify and secure the project site. Prepare the site, including clearing and grading. Month 2-3
Architectural and Structural Develop and finalize the architectural and structural plans for the school building. Obtain necessary approvals and Month 4-6
Design permits.
Construction Commencement Start the physical construction of the school building, beginning with the ground floor. Month 7

Completion of Each Floor Achieve construction milestones for each of the 5 floors, ensuring that the specified features are incorporated and Months 8-14
completed on schedule.
Solar Power Plant Installation Begin the installation and commissioning of the 100 KV solar power plant. Month 9-11

RO Plant Installation Start the installation and commissioning of the RO water purification plant. Month 12-14
PROJECT TEAM

Project Manager Overall Responsibility Mr. Riaz Ahmed

Lead Architect Mr. Kashif
Structural Engineer Ms. Zahra
Architectural and Design Team Interior Designer Ms. Bakhtawar
Regulatory Compliance Specialist Mr. Sajid
Construction Manager Mr. Muhammad Nawaz

Site Supervisor Mr. Muharram

Construction Team
Civil Engineer Mr. Maqsood
Safety and Compliance Officer Ms. Sarah
Quality Control Inspector Mr. Faheem
Computer Laboratory Specialist Mr. Fareed
Science Laboratory Specialist Ms. Nazish
Facility Team Plumbing and Sanitation Expert Mr. Arif
Electrical Engineer Mr. Waseem
Project Coordinator Ms. Sabeen
Administrative Team Budget and Finance Manager Ms. Tatheer
Procurement and Supply Chain Officer Mr. Sooraj
Project Scheduler Ms. Naila
Facility Manager Mr. Rayan
Facility Management Team (Post-construction) Solar Power Plant Technician Mr. Karamullah
Water Plant Operator Ms. Saba

Stakeholder Engagement and Communication Team: Public Relations and Communication Specialist Ms. Sara

Safety and Security Team Security Manager Mr. Haris

Health and Safety Coordinator Ms. Huma
Educational Team Educational Program Coordinator Ms. Aqsa
Principal (once appointed): To be determined by the school authorities
Subcontractors and Specialized Contractors: Construction contractors, electricians, plumbers, HVAC specialists, solar panel installers, water purification experts, and other specialized contractors as
needed.
 o Heavy Drilling and Piling Machines
o Cranes and Hoisting Equipment
o Concrete Pumping Equipment
o Scaffolding and Elevated Work Platforms
o Specialized Formwork and Shoring Systems
o Water Purification Equipment for RO Plant
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS o Solar Panel Installation Equipment
o Safety Equipment
o Educational Equipment and Lab Supplies
o Noise and Environmental Mitigation Measures
o Waste Management and Recycling Facilities
o Construction Site Facilities
o Specialized Architectural Elements
o Accessibility Equipment
ESTIMATED COST
Item Description Cost
Lift (Elevator) - 10,437,600
Boundary Wall - 6,523,500

Classrooms Construction and equipping of classrooms, including structural work, flooring, walls, roofing, and furniture 45,616,500

Laboratory (Science) The construction and equipping of a science laboratory 9,129,900

Washrooms Constructing and furnishing the 10 common washrooms 10,437,600
Faculty Offices Construction and outfitting of faculty offices 15,656,400
Administration Offices construction and outfitting of administration 3,914,100

Faculty Common Room construction and furnishing of the faculty common room 2,609,400

Girls Common Room construction and furnishing of the girls' common room 2,609,400

Multipurpose Hall The construction and equipping of the multipurpose hall with seating, sound, and lighting systems 13,047,000

Parking Area construction of the parking area 3,914,100

100 KV Solar Power Plant The installation and commissioning of the solar power plant 19,610,500

R.O Plant (Water installation and commissioning of the R.O. water purification plant 6,523,500
Purification)
Playground Developing the playground area with equipment and safety features 6,523,500
156,553,000/-
 o Budget Overruns:
o Schedule Delays: The 16-month timeline may be at risk if
o Scope Changes
o Permitting and Regulatory Challenges
o Labor Shortages
o Quality Assurance and Inspection
o Safety Incidents
o Supply Chain Disruptions
RISK o Design Errors
o Environmental and Geotechnical Factors
o Change in Local Building Codes
o Weather and Climate Conditions
o Economic Fluctuations
o Contractor Performance
o Community Opposition
o Utility and Infrastructure Issues
o Solar Power Plant and RO Plant Performance
o Post-Construction Maintenance

PRE-APPROVED FINANCES 50% of the finances would be approved prior to the start of this project

The exit criteria for this construction project will be met when the secondary public school is fully constructed and equipped according to the approved plans,
EXIT CRITERIA all regulatory permits and inspections are obtained, the solar power plant and RO plant are fully operational, and the school premises are ready for safe and
functional use. Additionally, all construction documentation is complete, and the project is formally handed over to the school authorities or governing body.

Aman
Project Sponsor
APPROVALS 7th November, 2023
Riaz Ahmed
Project Manager
7th November, 2023
 WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE (WBS)

3. Architectural
2. Site Selection 4. Construction 5. Completion of 6. Solar Power 7. RO Plant
1. Kickoff and Structural
and Preparation Commencement Each Floor Plant Installation: Installation:
Design

6.1 Procure and

1.1. Define project 3.1 Architectural 4.1 Mobilize 5.1 Construct and 7.1 Procure and
2.1 Identify deliver solar
objectives and planning and construction team finish each floor deliver the RO
potential sites panels and
scope design and equipment of the building plant equipment
equipment
(ground floor, 1st,
2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th)
7.2 Install the RO
2.2 Evaluate and 3.2 Structural 6.2 Install and
1.2. Appoint 4.2 Begin plant and water
select the final engineering and wire the solar
project manager construction purification
site design 5.2 Install power plant
work (ground system
classrooms,
floor and building common
structure) washrooms,
2.3 Obtain
3.3 Obtain design faculty offices, 6.3 Perform 7.3 Perform
1.3. Assemble the necessary land
approvals and administration testing and testing and
project team acquisition
permits offices, and commissioning commissioning
approvals
common rooms
on each floor
2.4 Prepare the
1.4. Develop the
construction site
project charter 5.3 Quality
(clearing, grading,
and initial plan inspections and
utilities, etc.)
approvals for each
floor
1.5. Conduct
project kickoff
meeting
 Scope Management Plan

INTRODUCTION
The Scope Management Plan provides the scope framework for IUSS 5-Story Secondary School. This plan
documents the scope management approach, roles and responsibilities as they pertain to project scope, scope
definition, verification and control measures, scope change control, and the project’s work breakdown
structure. Any project communication which pertains to the project’s scope should adhere to the Scope
Management Plan.

The primary objectives of this project is to construct a modern secondary public school facility, with a ground
floor and five additional floors, that can accommodate a growing student population by providing 15
classrooms on each floor, along with essential facilities such as computer and science laboratories, male and
female common washrooms, faculty offices, administration offices, common rooms for faculty and girls, a
multipurpose hall for events, a playground, and parking for 10 vehicles. Furthermore, the project aims to
promote sustainability by incorporating a 100 KV solar power plant and an RO plant, ensuring efficient energy
utilization and access to clean drinking water. All of these objectives are to be achieved within the allocated
budget and a 14-month timeline to enhance the educational environment, address community needs, and
contribute to energy efficiency and environmental responsibility.
SCOPE MANAGEMENT APPROACH
For IUSS 5-Story Secondary School, scope management will be the responsibility of the Project Director.
The scope for this project is defined by the Scope Statement, Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) and WBS
Dictionary. The Project Director, Sponsor and Stakeholders will establish and approve documentation for
measuring project scope which includes deliverable quality checklists and work performance
measurements. Proposed scope changes may be initiated by the Project Director, Stakeholders or any
member of the project team. All change requests will be submitted to provide estimate and impact to
schedule and costs if any to the Project Director who will then evaluate the requested scope change. Upon
acceptance of the scope change request the Project Director will submit the scope change request to the
Change Control Board and Project Sponsor for acceptance. Upon approval of scope changes by the Change
Control Board and Project Sponsor the Project Director will update all project documents and communicate
the scope change to all stakeholders. Based on feedback and input from the Project Director and
Stakeholders, the Project Sponsor is responsible for the acceptance of the final project deliverables and
project scope.
 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
The Project Director, Sponsor and project team will all play key roles in managing the scope
of this project. As such, the Project Sponsor, Project Manager, and team members must be
aware of their responsibilities in order to ensure that work performed on the project is within
the established scope throughout the entire duration of the project. The table below defines
the roles and responsibilities for the scope management of IUSS 5-Story Secondary
School .

Role Description
Project Sponsor Provides executive team approval and sponsorship for the project.
Has budget ownership for the project and is the major stakeholder and recipient for the project deliverables.

Project Director Provides overall management to the project. Accountable for establishing a Project Charter, developing and
managing the work plan, securing appropriate resources and delegating the work and insuring successful
completion of the project. All project team members report to the project manager. Handles all project
administrative duties, interfaces to project sponsors and owners and has overall accountability for the project.

Steering Provide assistance in resolving issues that arise beyond the project manager’s jurisdiction. Monitor project progress
Committee and provide necessary tools and support when milestones are in jeopardy.

Stakeholder Key provider of requirements and recipient of project deliverable and associated benefits. Deliverable will directly
enhance the stakeholders’ business processes and environment.

Team Member Working project team member, who analyzes, designs and ultimately improves or replaces the business processes.
This includes collaborating with teams to develop high level process designs and models, understanding best
practices for business processes and partnering with team members to identify appropriate opportunities,
challenging the old rules of the business and stimulating creating thinking, and identifying organizational impact
areas.
Scope Definition
The project scope definition process of the IUSS 5-Story Secondary School construction project, encompassing 15
classrooms per floor, specific facilities, solar power and RO plants, and adherence to the allocated budget and
completion timeline. The defined scope directly addresses the identified project requirements, ensuring alignment with
the project's overall objectives.
Project Scope Statement
The IUSS 5-Story Secondary School scope statement provides a detailed description of the project, deliverables,
constraints, exclusions, assumptions, and acceptance criteria. Additionally, the scope statement includes what work
should not be performed in order to eliminate any implied but unnecessary work which falls outside the of the project’s
scope.
IUSS 5-Story Secondary School includes the
•15-classrooms on each floor
•1 computer lab
•1 science laboratory
•5 common washrooms for males and 5 for females
•20-faculty offices
•5 administration offices
•1 faculty common room
•1 girl’s common room
•1 multipurpose hall with the capacity of 500 people
•1 playground and a parking space for 10 vehicles
• project will be equipped with 100 KV solar power plant and one RO plant.
•Total Covered Area is 1000-Square Yards
Total allocated budget is 156,553,000/- Rupees
Completion time is 14 Months.
SCOPE VERIFICATION
•As IUSS 5-Story Secondary School progresses, the Project Director will verify interim project deliverables
against the original scope as defined in the scope statement, WBS and WBS Dictionary. Once the Project
Director verifies that the scope meets the requirements defined in the project plan, the Project Director and
Sponsor will meet for formal acceptance of the deliverable. During this meeting the Project Director will
present the deliverable to the Project Sponsor for formal acceptance. The Project Sponsor will accept the
deliverable by signing a project deliverable acceptance document. This will ensure that project work remains
within the scope of the project on a consistent basis throughout the life of the project.

SCOPE CONTROL
•The Project Director and the project team will work together to control of the scope of IUSS 5-Story
Secondary School. The project team will leverage the WBS Dictionary by using it as a statement of work for
each WBS element. The project team will ensure that they perform only the work described in the WBS
dictionary and generate the defined deliverables for each WBS element. The Project Director will oversee the
project team and the progression of the project to ensure that this scope control process is followed and
progress is reported through Project Scope measurements tools.
SCOPE CHANGE
•If a change to IUSS 5-Story Secondary School scope is needed, the process for recommending and
estimating changes to the scope of the project must be carried out. Any project team member or Sponsor can
request changes to the project scope. All change requests must be submitted to the Project Director in the
form of a project change request document. The Project Director will then review the suggested change to
the scope of the project. The Project Director will then either reject the change request if it does not apply to
the intent of the project, or convene a Change Control meeting between the project team and Sponsor to
review the change request further and perform an impact assessment of the change. If the change request
receives initial approval by the Project Director and Sponsor, the Project Director will then formally submit
the change request to the Change Control Board. If the Change Control Board approves the scope change
the Project Sponsor will then formally accept the change by signing the project change control document.
Upon acceptance of the scope change by the Change Control Board and Project Sponsor the Project Director
will update all project documents and communicate the scope change to all project team members’
stakeholders.

ACCEPTANCE
•The Acceptance process for the RAC project establishes a clear and collaborative approach to ensure that
project deliverables meet the highest standards and stakeholder expectations. By involving key team
members, stakeholders, and obtaining formal approvals, the process contributes to the overall success and
quality of the project. Continuous feedback and transparent communication are integral to fostering a culture
of excellence and continuous improvement.
 Schedule Management Plan

The Schedule Management Plan for the construction of a modern

secondary public-school facility is designed to ensure the successful
and timely completion of the project within the allocated budget of
16 months. This plan outlines a systematic approach to managing
tasks and resources efficiently, encompassing the construction of a
ground floor and five additional floors with 15 classrooms on each
level, essential facilities, and sustainable features such as a 100 KV
solar power plant and an RO plant.
 High-Level Workflows and Activities

• Development of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS):

• Task Sequencing and Dependency Identification:
• Duration Estimation:
• Resource Allocation:
• Critical Path Analysis:
• Milestone Definition:
• Schedule Baseline:
• Project Monitoring and Control:
• Risk Management:
• Communication Plan:
• Quality Assurance:
• Sustainability Integration:
• Budget Tracking:
• Documentation and Reporting:
• Project Closeout:
 Tools and Environment

• Project Scheduling Tool:

• Schedule Management Repository:
• Development Procedures:
• Monitoring Procedures:
• Control Procedures:
• Documentation and Auditing:
• Communication:
• Training and Support:
 Schedule Management Process

• Initiation Phase:
• Planning Phase:
• Execution and Monitoring Phase:
• Control Phase:
• Closing Phase:
 Reporting Formats

Report Frequency Author Reporting Responsibility

Resource Task Lists and Work Packages Weekly Project Scheduler Generate individual resource task lists and work
packages from the scheduling tool and make them
available online to project team members.

Project Schedule Report Monthly Project Scheduler Generate the schedule progress report for use in
the project status meeting.

Project Master Schedule (Gantt chart) Monthly Project Scheduler Generate the updated schedule Gantt chart for use
in the project status meeting.

Sponsor Project Report Monthly Project Manager Generate the Sponsor project status report for
presentation to the Project Sponsor.

Technique
Performance Reviews
Critical Path Method
Monte Carlo Simulation
Resource Histogram
Variance Analysis
Adjust Leads and Lags
Schedule Control
Definition
Performance reviews measure, compare, and analyze schedule performance, such as actual start and finish dates, percent
complete, and remaining duration for the work in progress.
Critical Path is used to predict project duration by analyzing the sequence of activities (network path) that has the least amount of
scheduling flexibility. Earlier dates are calculated by a forward pass using a specified start date. Later dates are calculated by a
backward pass starting from a specified completion date.
Monte Carlo Simulation is a technique used to compute and quantify the total project cost and/or project schedule a number of
times. This is done with input values, selected at random through careful use of probability distributions or potential costs and/or
potential durations. The purpose of the Monte Carlo analysis is to calculate a defined distribution scenario of possible total costs
associated with the project as well as a range of possible completion dates for the project.
A Resource Histogram is vertical bar chart used to show resource consumption and availability by time period. Also called a
resource-loading chart.
Variance Analysis is used to determine the causes of a variance, such as the difference between an expected result and an actual
result.
Lead -- A modification of a logical relationship that allows an acceleration of the successor activity. For example, when a task has a
finish-to-start dependency with a 10-day lead, the successor activity can start as much as 10 days before the predecessor activity
has finished.
Lag -- A modification of a logical relationship that directs a delay in the successor activity. For example, when a task has a finish-to-
start dependency with a 10-day lag, the successor activity can’t start until 10 days after the predecessor activity has finished.
Adjusting leads and lags is used to find ways to bring lagging project activities into alignment with the plan.
 APPROACHES

1. Agile Approach:
•Definition: Agile is a project management and product development approach that prioritizes flexibility, collaboration, and
customer feedback. It involves iterative cycles of development, allowing teams to adapt to changing requirements throughout
the project.
•Example: A software development team using Scrum conducts short, time-boxed sprints to deliver small, functional increments
of the software. Regular feedback from users is incorporated into subsequent sprints for continuous improvement.

2. Waterfall Approach:
•Definition: The Waterfall model is a linear and sequential project management approach where each phase must be completed
before the next one begins. It follows a rigid structure and is well-suited for projects with stable and well-defined requirements.
•Example: In a construction project, the Waterfall approach would involve distinct phases such as planning, design, construction,
testing, and maintenance. Progress moves strictly from one phase to the next without revisiting previous stages.

3. Hybrid Approach:
•Definition: The Hybrid approach combines elements of both Agile and Waterfall methodologies to create a customized project
management strategy. It allows teams to benefit from the structure of Waterfall while incorporating Agile principles for
adaptability.
•Example: A marketing campaign might adopt a Hybrid approach. While planning and defining campaign goals follow a Waterfall
structure, the execution phase could embrace Agile principles, allowing adjustments based on real-time market responses.
TERMS AND DEFINATIONS
•1. Project
•A project is a temporary and organized effort designed to achieve specific goals or objectives. Projects are
characterized by defined start and end points, a set scope, allocated resources, and a unique set of tasks and
activities.
•Here are five examples of projects:
1. Building Construction: The construction of a new office building or residential complex is a project with a
clear start and end date, specific objectives, and allocated resources.
2. Software Development: Creating a new software application involves a project with a defined scope,
development timeline, and a team of developers working towards a common goal.
3. Event Planning: Organizing a conference, wedding, or music festival is a project that involves various tasks,
from venue selection to logistics, with a set timeframe.
4. Marketing Campaign: Launching a marketing campaign to promote a product or service involves a project
with defined marketing strategies, a budget, and expected outcomes.
5. Research Study: Conducting scientific research, such as a medical study or social science research, is a
project with a clear research plan, methodology, and expected findings.
2. Project Management
•Project management is the discipline of planning, executing, and controlling the work of a team to achieve specific goals and meet
predefined success criteria. It involves coordinating resources, tasks, and timelines to ensure a project is completed efficiently and
effectively. Here are five examples of project management in action:
1. Construction Project Management
2. IT Project Management
3. Event Management
4. Product Development
5. Healthcare Project Management

3. Scope
•Scope refers to the detailed description of the work that needs to be accomplished to achieve the objectives. It defines the boundaries
and what is included or excluded.
•Here are five examples of scope in different projects:
1. Building Construction: The scope might include specifications about the type of building, its size, layout, materials, and the systems
(e.g., electrical, plumbing) to be installed.
2. Software Development: The scope outlines the specific features and functionalities of the software, including user interfaces, data
storage, and integration with other systems.
3. Event Planning: In the scope of an event, you'd find details about the event's date, venue, number of attendees, catering,
entertainment, and any related marketing and promotional activities.
4. Marketing Campaign: The scope defines the target audience, marketing channels (e.g., social media, email, print), the message, and
the campaign's duration and expected outcomes.
5. Research Project: In a research project, the scope outlines the research questions, methodology, data collection methods, and analysis
4. Project Scope
•Project scope refers to the clear and detailed definition of the work that needs to be accomplished
during a project. It outlines the project's objectives, boundaries, and deliverables. Here are five examples
of project scope in various contexts:
1. Construction Project: The project scope might include constructing a specific building, its dimensions,
the number of floors, materials used, and interior finishes.
2. Software Development Project: In software development, the scope could involve developing a
mobile app with particular features, user interfaces, and compatibility with certain devices.
3. Marketing Campaign: The scope of a marketing campaign could include launching a new product with
specific details on the target market, promotional channels, and the expected reach and engagement.
4. Event Planning: For an event, the scope might detail the event's theme, location, the number of
attendees, the schedule, and the types of entertainment or speakers.
5. Research Project: In a research project, the scope defines the research questions, the data collection
methods, the sample size, and the expected outcomes.
5. 10 Knowledge Areas
•The 10 knowledge areas are a fundamental concept in project management.
•These knowledge areas are:
1. Project Integration Management: This involves coordinating and managing various project elements to ensure
that the project is executed smoothly.
2. Project Scope Management: Concerned with defining, controlling, and managing the project's scope to ensure
all required work is included and nothing outside the scope is added.
3. Project Time Management: Involves scheduling and ensuring timely completion of project activities and
milestones.
4. Project Cost Management: Focuses on budgeting, estimating, and controlling costs throughout the project's
lifecycle.
5. Project Quality Management: Involves defining and ensuring that the project's products and deliverables
meet the required quality standards.
6. Project Resource Management: Concerned with managing the project team, including staffing, team
development, and leadership.
7. Project Communications Management: Involves planning and managing the project's communications,
ensuring information flows effectively among stakeholders.
8. Project Risk Management: Focuses on identifying, analyzing, and managing project risks and uncertainties.
9. Project Procurement Management: Deals with procurement and contract management for project resources
and services from external sources.
10.Project Stakeholder Management: Involves identifying and managing project stakeholders and their interests
5 Process Groups
1. Initiating: This is the phase where the project is formally authorized and initiated. It involves defining the
project, setting objectives, and obtaining approvals or funding.
2. Planning: During this phase, the project scope, schedule, budget, and other plans are developed. Detailed
planning is essential to guide the project's execution and control.
3. Executing: This is the phase where the actual project work is performed. Resources are allocated, and the
project team carries out the activities according to the project plan.
4. Monitoring and Controlling: Throughout the project, performance is monitored to ensure that everything
aligns with the project plan. Changes are managed, and corrective actions are taken as necessary to keep the
project on track.
5. Closing: In the closing phase, the project is completed, and all project deliverables are finalized. This includes
obtaining acceptance from stakeholders, releasing project resources, and closing out contracts. A final report is
also produced to evaluate the project's success and lessons learned.

•These process groups are used in conjunction with the 10 knowledge areas to provide a structured approach to
managing projects effectively
 Project Scope & Product Scope
Project Scope and Product Scope are two essential concepts in project management, and they
serve distinct purposes:

Project Scope Product Scope:

Definition: Project Scope refers to the work

that needs to be done to deliver the project's
objectives. It focuses on the activities, tasks,
and efforts required to complete the project
successfully.
Definition: Product Scope refers to the features,
functions, and characteristics of the end product,
service, or result that the project is intended to
deliver to its stakeholders.

Duration: Project Scope is usually temporary Duration: Product Scope is typically permanent and
describes the characteristics and features that the
and spans the duration of the project's life final product or deliverable should possess once the
cycle, from initiation to closure. project is completed.

Change: It can change during the project due

Change: It is less likely to change during the project
to various factors, including scope changes or because it defines the product's specific attributes.
evolving project requirements.

Example: In a construction project, the Example: In a software development project, the

project scope would specify tasks like product scope would detail the software's
excavation, laying the foundation, erecting functionalities, user interface design, performance
walls, and installing electrical systems. requirements, and other features.

In summary, the project scope focuses on the work needed to complete the project, while the
product scope defines the attributes and features of the end product or deliverable resulting
from the project. Both scopes are critical in managing a project effectively and ensuring that
the delivered product aligns with stakeholder expectations.
•Enterprise Environmental Factors (EEF):
•Definition: External conditions and elements that influence or constrain the project, including culture, regulations, market conditions, and industry
standards.
•
•
•10. Organizational Process Assets:
•Definition: The organization's accumulated processes, policies, and historical data. These assets influence the way projects are executed.
•
•11. Project Management Plan:
•Definition: A comprehensive, formally approved document that guides project execution and control. It integrates all subsidiary plans and baseline
documents.
•
•12. Agile and its 12 Principles:
• Agile: An iterative and collaborative project management approach.
• Principles: Twelve guiding values that emphasize customer satisfaction, flexibility, and continuous improvement.
•13. Requirement Traceability Matrix (RTM):
•Definition: A document linking project requirements to the work that satisfies them. It helps ensure all requirements are addressed throughout the
project life cycle.
•
•14. Control Scope:
•Definition: The process of monitoring and controlling changes to project scope. It involves reviewing and managing changes to prevent scope creep.
•
•15. Validate Scope:
•Definition: The formal acceptance of the completed project deliverables by the customer or stakeholders. It ensures that the project has met its
objectives.
•16. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS):
•Definition: A hierarchical decomposition of the total scope of work to be carried out by the project team. It
breaks down the project into manageable components.

•17. Schedule Management Plan:

•Definition: A component of the project management plan outlining how the project schedule will be
developed, monitored, and controlled. It includes schedule constraints, milestones, and dependencies.

•18. Gantt Chart:

•Definition: A visual representation of a project schedule that displays tasks, durations, and dependencies.
Gantt charts provide a clear timeline for project activities.

•PROJECT CHARTER
•STAKEHOLDERS
•PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN
•PROJECT SCOPE AND PRODUCT SCOPE
•Product Scope:
•The product scope outlines the features, functions, and characteristics of the deliverables produced by the project. In the case of your school
construction project, the product scope includes:

•1. Physical Infrastructure:

 Classrooms (15 per floor)
 Computer room
 Science laboratory
 Common washrooms (separate for males and females)
 Faculty offices (20)
 Administration offices (5)
 Faculty common room
 Girl’s common room
 Multipurpose hall (capacity of 500 people)
 Playground
 Parking space for 10 vehicles
•2. Utilities and Plants:
 100 KV solar power plant
 Reverse Osmosis (RO) plant
•3. Additional Features:
 Compliance with local building codes and regulations
 Adherence to environmental standards
 Integration of safety and health measures
•
•Project Scope:
•The project scope outlines the work that needs to be done to deliver the product. It encompasses all activities from initiation to closure. For your school
construction project:
•
•AGILE APPROACH
•Agile Principles
•1. Customer Satisfaction through Continuous Delivery:
•Aim to deliver valuable components of the project frequently, prioritizing shorter timescales to enhance customer satisfaction.
•2. Welcome Changing Requirements:
•Embrace changes in project requirements, even in later stages of development, to provide a competitive advantage and better meet evolving needs.
•3. Frequent Delivery of Working Software:
•Strive for regular releases of functional project elements, opting for shorter development cycles to maintain project momentum.
•4. Collaboration between Stakeholders and Developers:
•Foster close and continuous cooperation between business stakeholders, including project sponsor and users, and developers throughout the project
lifecycle.
•5. Build Projects around Motivated Individuals:
•Provide an environment that supports and trusts team members, empowering them to contribute effectively to project goals.
•6. Face-to-Face Communication is Essential:
•Prioritize effective face-to-face communication within the project team to enhance understanding and facilitate rapid feedback.
•7. Working Software is the Primary Measure of Progress:
•Assess project progress primarily by the delivery of functional software, prioritizing it over extensive documentation.
•8. Maintain Sustainable Development Pace:
•Encourage a development pace that is sustainable, avoiding burnout and preserving the quality of project work.
•9. Continuous Attention to Technical Excellence:
•Strive for technical excellence and good design throughout the project to enhance overall agility.
•10. Simplicity – The Art of Maximizing the Amount of Work Not Done:
•Focus on essential tasks, avoiding unnecessary work that does not add significant value to the project.
•11. Self-Organizing Teams:
•Trust and empower project teams to make decisions and organize their work effectively.
•12. Regular Reflection and Adaptation:
•12 PRINCIPLES OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT
•1. Clearly Defined Objectives:
•Clearly articulate the goals, objectives, and success criteria for constructing the secondary public school to provide a shared understanding among all stakeholders.
•2. Project Lifecycle Definition:
•Clearly define and follow a structured project lifecycle for the school construction, including initiation, planning, execution, monitoring, and closure phases.
•3. Effective Communication:
•Establish open and effective communication channels to ensure all stakeholders, including project sponsor, project manager, architects, engineers, local authorities, school
authorities, students, parents, and community members, are well-informed and aligned with project progress and changes.
•4. Comprehensive Planning:
•Develop a comprehensive project plan for the school construction project, covering scope, schedule, resources, budget, risk management, and quality criteria.
•5. Risk Management:
•Identify, assess, and proactively manage risks throughout the construction project lifecycle to minimize potential negative impacts on timelines, costs, and quality.
•6. Resource Allocation:
•Efficiently allocate human and material resources for the school construction to ensure optimal project performance.
•7. Quality Assurance:
•Integrate quality assurance processes into every phase of the construction project, ensuring that facilities meet or exceed stakeholder expectations.
•8. Change Management:
•Implement a systematic approach to manage changes in the school construction project, documenting, evaluating, and approving modifications as necessary.
•9. Stakeholder Engagement:
•Regularly engage with stakeholders, including project sponsor, project manager, architects, engineers, local authorities, school authorities, students, parents, and community
members, to understand their expectations, gather feedback, and maintain their support throughout the construction project.
•10. Continuous Monitoring and Control:
•Establish robust monitoring and control mechanisms for the school construction project, tracking progress, identifying deviations, and taking corrective actions promptly to
ensure alignment with the project plan.
•11. Documentation and Reporting:
•Maintain comprehensive documentation for the school construction project and provide regular, transparent reports to keep stakeholders informed about progress,
challenges, and performance.
•12. Lessons Learned:
•Conduct a thorough review at the end of the school construction project to identify lessons learned and areas for improvement that can be applied to future construction
projects.