TYPES OF

SAMPLING
TECHNIQUE
General Types of Sampling

PROBABILITY SAM
PLING

SAMPLING

NON-PROBABILITY
SAMPLING
Probability Sampling

• The sample is a proportion (a certain

percent) of the population and such
sample is selected from the
population by means of some
systematic way in which every
element of the population has a
chance of being included in the
sample.
Non-probability Sampling

• The sample is not a proportion of the

population and there is no system in
selecting the sample.
Types of Non-probability Sampling

• ACCIDENTAL/INCIDENTAL/CONVENIENCE
SAMPLING
• There is no system of selection but only
those whom the researcher or interviewer
meet by chance are included in the sample.
• This is applied to those samples which are
taken because they are the most available.
Types of Non-probability Sampling

• PURPOSIVE SAMPLING
• This is based on choosing individuals as samples
according to the purposes of the researcher as his
controls.
• An individual is chosen as part of the sample
because of good evidence that he is a
representative of the total population.
• The researcher chooses a sample that is readily
available in some non-random way.
• EXAMPLE:
• A researcher polls people as they walk by on the street.
Types of Non-probability Sampling

• QUOTA SAMPLING
• This is popular in the field of opinion
research because it is done by merely looking
for individuals with the requisite
characteristics.
• The sampling technique is usually prepared
by the main office with instructions to the
field researchers to collect data from
samples that meet the prescribed criteria or
characteristics.
Types of Non-probability Sampling

• VOLUNTARY SAMPLING
• It is made up of people who self-select into
the survey. Often, these folks have a strong
interest in the main topic of the survey.
• EXAMPLE: A TV show host asks his
viewers to visit his website and respond
to an online poll.
Types of Probability Sampling

• PURE RANDOM SAMPLING

• Every one in the population of the inquiry
has an equal chance of being selected to be
included in the sample.
• This is also called the lottery type of
sampling.
• This may be used if the population has no
differentiated levels, sections, or classes.
Types of Probability Sampling

• PURE RANDOM SAMPLING

• EXAMPLE:
• A certain percent of the population is to be
selected (this is decided beforehand).
• Suppose there are 200 persons in the
population and 20 percent is the proportion
to be chosen.
• How will the researcher make use of the
pure random sampling?
Types of Probability Sampling

• PURE RANDOM SAMPLING

• ADVANTAGE:
• Easy to understand and easy to apply.
• DISADVANTAGE
• Hard to use with too large population
because of the difficulty encountered in
writing the names of the persons involved.
Types of Probability Sampling

• SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING
• All individuals in the population are arranged in a
methodical manner (i.e., alphabetical or
chronological, example: age, experience,
academic rank), and the nth name may be
selected in the construction of the sample.
• This is used when the subjects or respondents in
the study are arrayed or arranged in some
systematic or logical manner such as alphabetical
arrangement, residential or house arrays,
geographical placement from north to south, etc.
Types of Probability Sampling

• SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING
• EXAMPLE:
• Suppose 20% of the population is sample size.
If 100% is divided by 20%, the answer is 5.
hence, every 5th name in the list or array is
selected.
• However, there must be a random start. The
researcher may close his eyes and run his finger
down the list or array is selected and then stop.
The number which his finger points to at this
particular time is the random start number.
Types of Probability Sampling

• SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING
• EXAMPLE:
• Suppose this number is 13. this is the first
selection, the succeeding numbers to be
selected are found by adding 5 to its
predecessor.
• 13+5 = 18
• 18+5 = 23
• 23+5 = 28…
Types of Probability Sampling

• SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING
• ADVANTAGE:
• More convenient, faster, and more
economical than pure random sampling.
• DISADVANTAGE
• Sample become biased if the persons in the
list belong to a class by themselves whereas
the investigation requires that all sectors of
the populations are to be involved.
Types of Probability Sampling
• STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING
• Process of selecting randomly, samples
from the different strata of the population
used in the study.
• Thus, it is used when the population of
the inquiry has class stratifications or
groupings either horizontally or vertically.
Types of Probability Sampling
• STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING
• Stratified random sampling is a method
of sampling that involves the division of a
population into smaller groups known as
strata. In stratified random sampling, the strata
are formed based on members' shared
attributes or characteristics. A random sample
from each stratum is taken in a number
proportional to the stratum's size when
compared to the population. These subsets of
the strata are then pooled to form a random
sample.
Types of Probability Sampling

• STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING

• EXAMPLES OF HORIZONTAL
STRATIFICATIONS:
• Sections in the same school grade or year
such as Section 1, etc.., sex such as males
and females, college course such as AB, BSC,
BSN, BEED, BSED, etc.
Types of Probability Sampling

• STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING

• EXAMPLES OF VERTICAL STRATIFICATIONS:
• Age such as 7, 8, 9, 10 years old, grades in
school such as Grade 1, 2, 3, etc., economic
status such as poor, average, rich, etc.
Types of Probability Sampling

• STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING

• ADVANTAGE
• Contributes much to the representativeness
of the sample, easy to apply
Types of Probability Sampling

• CLUSTER SAMPLING (Multistage Cluster

Sampling/ Multistage Sampling)
• Used when the population is so big or the
geographical area of the research is so large.
• The general procedure is to divide the area
population into clusters or blocks and then
within the final cluster apply any of the
different methods of selecting a sample.
Types of Probability Sampling

• CLUSTER SAMPLING (Multistage Cluster

Sampling/ Multistage Sampling)
• EXAMPLE
• The study is conducted to determine the
standard of instruction in a certain region of
the country in elementary schools.
Types of Probability Sampling

• CLUSTER SAMPLING (Multistage Cluster

Sampling/ Multistage Sampling)
• If there are nine provinces in the region and
the proportion of the population to be the
sample is 20%, the steps are:
Types of Probability Sampling
• CLUSTER SAMPLING (Multistage Cluster Sampling/
Multistage Sampling)
1. Make a listing of the sample units, the primary sampling units
(1st clusters to be sampled), the secondary sampling units
(the 2nd clusters to be sampled within the primary sampling
unit), etc.
• Example: provinces (primary units), towns (secondary units ),
barangays (final sampling units); these are called Natural clusters.
2. 20% of 9 provinces is 1.8 or 2 provinces. Select these two
provinces by either pure random sampling or systematic
random sampling.
Types of Probability Sampling
• CLUSTER SAMPLING (Multistage Cluster Sampling/
Multistage Sampling)
3. Within each of the two provinces, select 20% of the towns
either by pure random sampling or systematic random
sampling.
4. Within each town selected, choose 20% of the barangays or
barrios. Since there is only one elementary school in one
barrio or barangay, this is the final sampling unit or cluster.
The respondents in the study are to e selected from these
final clusters. The respondents may be stratified into
teachers, administrators, parents and pupils. The
respondents have to be taken from these stratified groups by
either pure random sampling or systematic random sampling.
Types of Probability Sampling

• CLUSTER SAMPLING (Multistage Cluster

Sampling/ Multistage Sampling)
• ADVANTAGE:
• It is efficient.
• DISADVANTAGE:
• Reduced accuracy or representativeness, on account
of the fact that in every stage there is a sampling
error.
QUIZ
Identify the Type of Sampling

1. A student council surveys 100 students by

getting random samples of 25
freshmen, 25 sophomores, 25 juniors,
and 25 seniors.
2. A pollster interviews shoppers at a local mall.
3. An airline company wants to survey its
customers one day, so they randomly
select 555 flights that day and survey every
passenger on those flights.
Identify the Type of Sampling

4. A principal takes an alphabetized list of student

names and picks a random starting point. Every 20​
th, student is selected to take a survey.
5. Each student at a school has a student identification
number. Counselors have a computer generate 50
random identification numbers and those students
are asked to take a survey.
6. A restaurant leaves comment cards on all of its
tables and encourages customers to participate in a
brief survey to learn about their overall experience.
Answers

1. Stratified Random Sampling

2. Convenience/Incidental/Accidental Sampling
3. Cluster Sampling
4. Systematic Sampling
5. Simple/Pure Random Sampling
6. Voluntary Sampling
7. Cluster Sampling
8. Systematic Sampling
9. Stratified RS
10. Lottery type