Creatine kinase

• Creatine kinase (CK) is known as phosphocreatine kinase or

creatine phosphokinase, is an enzyme expressed by variable
tissues and cell types. CK catalyses the conversion of creatine and
uses adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to create adenosine
diphosphate ADP and phosphocreatine PCr . This CK enzyme
reaction is reversible so ATP can be generated from PCr and ADP.
Pcr serves as an energy reservoir for the rapid buffering and
regeneration of ATP and for intracellular energy transport .
troponin
• Troponin is a calcium regulatory protein for the calcium
regulation of contractile function in cardiac and skeletal
muscles. Troponin distributed regularly along the entire
length of thin filaments and makes an ordered complex
with actin and tropomyosin. At low concentrations of
intracellular Ca2+, troponin and tropomyosin decrease the
contractile interaction between actin and myosin , and
when the Ca2+ concentration increases, this suppression
is released through the binding of Ca2+ to troponin.
Troponin is a complex of 3 different subunits, troponins C, I,
and T, which make distinctive functions of troponin, such as
the inhibition of actomyosin interaction (troponin I) the
binding of Ca2+ (troponin C), and the binding to tropomyosin
(troponin T). Genetic analysis shown that alot of mutations
in genes for cardiac troponin isoforms associated with three
types of inherited cardiomyopathy, that is, hypertrophic,
dilated, and restrictive cardiomyopathies