Professional Documents
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Antiseptics and Disinfectants
Antiseptics and Disinfectants
drugs
Kharkov National Medical University
Department of Pharmacology and Medical Prescription
assistant Gordiychuk D.
substances halogen’s
antimicrobial effect decreases.
Iodines
Nitrofuran derivatives
Common
properties of SA:
- Sulfa nucleus;
- Mechanism of
action;
- Spectrum of
antibacterial action.
Prevention of crystalluria:
- Drink plenty of liquids (3-5 liters per day);
- drink alkaline mineral water or milk during SA using.
SALAZOSULFOPIRIDIN
SALAZOPIRIDAZIN
Mechanism of action:
block the enzyme DNA-gyrase, responsible for supercoiling of
the DNA molecule, as well as block the enzyme topoisomerase
type 4, is responsible for the compact folding of the DNA
molecule. This leads to an uncoiling of DNA and the
microorganism death.
Side effects:
Excitation of the central nervous system, anxiety, in large
doses - convulsions (disrupt the synthesis of GABA in the
CNS).
Dyspepsia, drug-induced hepatitis, swelling of the tongue
Tachycardia, shortness of breath
Anemia, leukopenia
Photodermatitis, itching
Disturbances of cartilage in children, so containdicated
for children under 12 years.
Hypothyroidism
Allergic reactions
Naphthalidine Derivatives
nalidixic acid
oxolinic acid
pipenamic acid
Naphthalidine Derivatives
The spectrum of action:
narrow (only Gr- microorganisms)
Mechanism of action:
blocks the enzyme DNA gyrase, as a consequence
despiralization DNA and death of microorganisms.
Indication:
when introduced into the body does not leave the
bloodstream, excrited with the urine in unchanged form,
so used in infectious diseases of the kidneys and
urinary tract infection (pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis,
prostatitis).
Type antimicrobial action:
Bactericidal
Mechanism of action:
are acceptors of H+ ions and enter into competition
with the natural acceptors in the chain of tissue
respiration, as a consequence of violating the
microbial cell respiration and death.
Mechanism of action:
Disrupt the synthesis of NA in the microbial cell;
Uncouple oxidative phosphorylation processes;
Communicating with iron enzymes and break breathing activity
of microbial cells;
All this leads to the death of microorganisms.
bactericidal
Indication:
see. classification
Derivatives of 8-oxyquinoline
Side effects:
Allergic reactions
Imidazole derivatives
Metronidazole
Tinidazole
Imidazole derivatives
The spectrum of action:
anaerobes, Giardia, amoeba, balantidiums, some
protozoa, Helicobacter pilory
Mechanism of action:
penetrate into the cells, where the enzymatic action of
metalloproteases separates nitro from them, which
causes the death of the microorganism.
Indication:
generalized anaerobic infection, amoebiasis, amoebic
dysentery, giardiasis, trichomoniasis, balantidiazis, peptic
ulcer and duodenal ulcer.
Imidazole derivatives
Side effects: