Brain Tumor Detection using

Image Processing

Submitted by (Batch no-17) :

1. PAKKALLA MOHAN O190583
2. BORUSU BALA SATYA PHANEENDRA O190321 Guided by
3. SHAIK ASMA O190222
Mrs . Nasreen
4. KOTHAPALLI SUKANYA O191094
5. REDDYCHARLA CHANDRA KIRAN REDDY O190975
Assistant Professor
6. MALAPATI PAVAN KUMAR REDDY O190977 Department of ECE
CONTENTS :
INTRODUCTION

ABSTRACT

IMAGE PROCESSING

BLOCK DIAGRAM

DESCRIPTION

MATLAB
SOFTWARE

RESULTS

ADVATAGES

APPLICATIONS

CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION

 Human Body is made up of several type of cells. Brain is a highly

specialised and sensitive organ of Human Body.
 Brain is tightly safeguarded inside skull.
 It works as an autonomous system that controls the entire function of our
body.
A tumor can be defined as any mass caused by abnormal or uncontrolled
growth of cells.
 This mass of tumor grows within the skull, due to which normal brain
activity is hampered.
 The detection of brain tumors means identifying not only the affected part of
the brain but also to the tumor shape, size, boundary, and position.Which if
not detected in earlier stage, can take away the person's life.
 Hence, it is very important to detect the brain tumor as early as possible..
Challenges Posed by Brain
Tumors
Headaches: Often persistent and may worsen over time,
especially in the morning or with changes in body position.
Seizures: Sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbances in
the brain that can cause changes in behaviour, movements,
or consciousness.
Nausea and vomiting: Especially if it's unrelated to other
digestive issues or occurs without explanation.
Changes in vision: Blurred vision, double vision, loss of
peripheral vision, or other visual disturbances.
ABSTRACT :
Processing digital images by means of digital computer is called as digital
processing. Nowadays digital image processing is most popular in many
applications as digital camera images, computer vision, image analysis and multi-
dimensional systems. Brain tumor detections using MRI image is a challenging
task, because of the complex structure of the brain. Brain tumor is an abnormal
growth of cell of brain.
Image provides better results than CT, Ultrasound, and X-ray. In brain
tumor detection project the various pre processing, post processing and methods
like; (Filtering, Contrast enhancement, Edge detection) and post processing
techniques like; (Threshold, Segmentation, Morphological operation) through
image processing (IP) tool that is available in MATLAB for detection of brain
tumor images (MRI images).This project demonstrates promising results in
automating the diagnosis process, reducing human error expediting medical
decision making.
Image Processing :
 Image processing is a method that performs the analysis and manipulation of
digitized images, to improve the quality of image.
 Types of Image Processing Image processing can be broadly categorized into
two main types:
Analogue Image Processing :
 Image processing involves manipulating images in their continuous form.
Techniques like filtering, noise reduction, and contrast enhancement are
applied using analog devices such as filters, lenses, and chemical processes.
 However, its processing lacks the flexibility, precision, and ease of
automation that digital processing offers.
Digital Image Processing :
 Digital image processing is today's more prevalent form, representing images
as discrete digital signals. It allows for the use of a wide range of
mathematical operations and algorithms.
 Adaptability, recurrence and precision in the original data preservation, are
the principle advantages of digital image processing methods.
Block Diagram :

MRI Brain Pre Segmentation Post

Image Processing Technique Processing

Tumor
Detection
DESCRIPTION :
 Preprocessing :
 Pre-processed to remove noise and artefacts and then segmented to find regions of
interest with probable tumor.
 Pre-processing involves processes like ( Filtering , Contrast enhancement )

 ANTISOTROPIC FILTERING

 The main objective of filtering an image is to remove the noises on the digital
image .
 AF is an improvement on the old bilinear and trilinear filtering techniques ,
producing sharper , clearer textures. It’s fast anti-aliased texture filtering which
can improve image quality.

input image filtered image

 SEGMENTATION

 Segmentation represents the image into sets of pixels that are

more significant and easier for analysis.
 It is applied to approximately locate the boundaries or objects
in an image and the resulting segments collectively cover the
complete image.

input image segmented image

 POST PROCESSING :
 post-processing techniques are used to enhance the image quality, segment tumor regions,
and classify the presence of tumor .
 Post –processing techniques like ( Threshold , Morphological operation )

 THRESHOLD :
 The input gray-scale image is changed into a binary image. The fundamental idea of this
method is picking a threshold value to differentiate the object from the background and
partition the pixels into various classes.

input image threshold image

 MORPHOLOGICAL OPERATION
 After segmentation MRI contains some white components (clusters of pixels) which
are not the part of tumor.
 Morphological operations like erosion and dilation are used to remove these white
components.
 Dilation adds pixels to the boundaries of objects in an image, while erosion removes
pixels on object boundaries. The number of pixels added or removed from the
objects in an image depends on the size and shape of the structuring element ( strel )
used to process the image.
 MATLAB SOFTWARE :
 MATLAB is fast algorithm used for detection of tumor
from MRI images in a very short time. At the end
tumor is mapped onto original greyscale image
with 255 intensity to make tumor visible in the image.
These are the steps performed on MRI image of brain
tumor using MATLAB algorithms.
 Early diagnosis of brain tumors play an important role
in improving treatment possibilities and increases the
survival rate of the patients.
 MATLAB is fast algorithm used for detection of tumor
from MRI images in a very short time.
RESULTS :
 ADVANTAGES :
 Early Detection:

Identifies brain tumors early, improving treatment outcomes.

 Accuracy:

Utilizes advanced algorithms for precise tumor detection.

 Efficiency:

Automates image analysis, saving time for healthcare professionals.

 Objective Analysis:

Minimizes human error through standardized, objective analysis.

Overview of Image Processing in Medical
Applications

 Improved Diagnosis
 Image processing techniques enhance medical images for better visualization
and analysis.
 Automation
 Automated algorithms assist healthcare professionals in identifying
abnormalities efficiently.
 Treatment Planning
 Processed images aid in the planning and execution of effective treatment
strategies
 CONCLUSION :

 A Brain Tumor MRI image is applied to preprocessing and after that tumor is extracted
morphological and watershed segmentation processes.
 The medical image segmentation has difficulties in segmenting complex structure •with
uneven shape, size and properties.
 For accurate diagnosis of tumor patients, appropriate segmentation method is required
to be used for MRI images to carry out an improved diagnosis and treatment.
 The Brain Tumor detection is a great help for the physician and a boon for a medical
imaging and industries working on the production of MRI images.
THANK YOU