Software Development

Models
1.The Waterfall lifecycle
2.Agile methodologies
3.The Spiral Model
4.Rapid application development
 The Waterfall Lifecycle
• The Waterfall method is a software development process invented by Royce in 1970.
It is based on a step-by-step progression through the development cycle, beginning
with analysis and requirements , then logic and design and the maintenance and
evaluation. In the Analysis section all the requirement's for the development are
gathered and researched and once they’ve been gathered the design section begins in
which is the most important step of development in which all the gathered
information is used to design the system by applying logic and coding it and testing
out the results one by one. Once the system has been designed it is then tested if it is
fulfilling all the requirements that were supposed to in the analysis section and all
the problems the design has been corrected or not after using the system.
 Waterfall Lifecycle
Advantages
• In this model, the system errors and its limitations can
be predicted before starting of the development of
code, during analysis and design section
• It has a very structured approach and all steps are
followed one-by-one
• The cost and time can also be predicted after the
analysis section
• The testing's are carried out during the development
to so no errors are carried forward and the code being
developed is running as predicted
Disadvantages
• It is very difficult to re-engineer the system after it has
been fully made and delivered to the client after the client
figure out some additional functionalities to add to the
systems and find random errors
• The client may not be able to specify all the requirements
and functionalities for their system which would be very
hard to figure out and usually client would be satisfied
with only the specification they provided but not fully
• It is not time efficient as all the steps don’t take similar
time and coding it might be much harder than it seems
during analysis and designing template section
 Spiral Model
• The Spiral Model is a risk-driven model, meaning that the focus is on managing risk through
multiple iterations of the software development process. It consists of the following phases:
• Planning: The first phase of the Spiral Model is the planning phase, where the scope of the project is determined and a plan is
created for the next iteration of the spiral
• Risk Analysis: In the risk analysis phase, the risks associated with the project are identified and evaluated
• Design: In the design phase, the software is developed based on the requirements gathered in the previous iteration.
• Evolution: In the evolution phase the software is evaluated to determine if it meets the customer’s requirements and if it is of
high quality.
• Planning: The system is reiterated and issues are resolved after finding them in the evalution section until all the requirement's
are met