TOPIC: Energy, work and power The formula for work done is: One Joule is equal to the

ork done is: One Joule is equal to the work done by a

SUB-TOPIC: Work Work done = force × distance force of one newton acting through one metre
Date: 2nd February, 2023 Whenever any work is done, energy is
Objectives: transferred mechanically from one store to
1 Understand that mechanical or electrical work done is equal to You can rearrange this equation with the help of another.
the energy transferred the formula triangle: The amount of energy transferred (in joules)
2 Recall and use the equation for mechanical working is equal to the work done (also in joules)
W = Fd = ΔE energy transferred (J) = work done (J)
Keywords- Force, distance, displacement, Newton, metre. If a force acts in the direction that an object
Reference- is moving, then the object will gain
https://www.savemyexams.co.uk/igcse/physics/cie/23/revision- energy (usually to its kinetic energy store).
notes/1-motion-forces--energy/1-7-energy-work--power/1-7-5-work- If the force acts in the opposite direction to
done/ the movement then the object will lose
energy (usually to the thermal energy store of
Work Done and Energy Transfers
the surroundings ie dissipated as heat)
Work is done when an object is moved over a distance by
Therefore:
a force applied in the direction of its displacement
• It is said that the force does work on the object W = fd = ΔE
• If a force is applied to an object but doesn’t result in Use the formula triangle to help you rearrange the
any movement, no work is done Examples of Work
equation
Work is done on a ball when it is lifted to a
Multiplying force and distance produces units of
height above the ground
newton-metres (N m)
• The energy is transferred
• Work is measured in Joules (J)
mechanically from the ball's kinetic
This leads to a simple conversion:
energy store to its gravitational
1J=1Nm
potential energy store
Therefore, the number of Joules is equal to the
number of newton-metres, making conversions
between the units very straightforward, for example:
1000 J = 1000 N m
Work is done when a force is used to move an object
 Example
A car moving at speed begins to apply the brakes. The
brakes of the car apply a force of 500 N which brings it
to a stop after 23 m.

The weight on the ball produced by the gravitational field

does work on the ball over a distance equal to the height of Calculate the work done by the brakes in stopping the
the ball car.
Step 1: List the known quantities
Work is done when a bird flies through the air • Distance, d = 23 m
• The bird must travel against air resistance, • Force, F = 500 N
therefore energy transferred from the bird's Step 2: Write out the equation relating work, force
chemical energy store to its kinetic energy store and and distance
to the thermal energy store of the surroundings as W=F×d
some energy is dissipated as heat Step 3: Calculate the work done on the car by the
brakes
W = 500 × 23 = 11 500 J

Air resistance (drag) does work against the bird as it flies through the air