Computer

systems and
motherboard

Sub
mitted by Rahul kumar
Rout
Gayatri +3 science college
What is computer?

Computer is an electronic device which is used for logical and

arithmetical calculations.

There are different types of computers:-

Types of Computers

Supercomputers- these computers are used to

process very large amounts of information.
Mainframes- these computers are used by
government and businesses to process very large
amounts of information.
Mini-Computers-these computers are similar to
mainframes, they are used by business and
government to process large amounts of information.
Personal Computers(PC)-these computers also known
as PC.They are smaller and less powerful
Parts of a Computer

– There are two basic parts that make up a computer...

Hardware Software
 Hardware
Hardware is basically anything that you can be physically touched.

1. Computer Case
2. CPU (central processing unit...Pentium chip)
3. Monitor
4. Keyboard & Mouse
5. Disk Drive, Zip Drive, CD-ROM, DVD,
6. Hard Drive
7. Memory (RAM)
8. Speakers
9. Printer
 Input Devices

Input basically means getting data into the computer to

be processed.
some examples of input devices are-
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Joystick
Output Devices

Output basically means getting data out of the computer.

Some examples of input devices are-
• Monitor
• Printer
• Speaker
Two Types of Software

1. Application Software
2. Operating System
Software
Operating System Software

Directs all the activities and sets all the rules for how the
hardware and software will work together.

Examples would be:

DOS, Windows 95, 98, Vista, Windows 7
 Computer generation.
 First generation (1946-54)
The technology used is vacuum tubes. It is used as a main component and
programming was done in machine language.
 Second generation (1955-64)
The technology used is transistors. It uses high level language.
 Third generation (1965-74)
The technology used is Integrated Circuit(IC).Mini computers are developed in this
generation.
 Fourth generation (1975-Onwards)
The technology uses is Very large scale integrated system (VLSI).Microprocessor and
high level language are used in this generation.
 Fifth generation (Present & Beyond)
The technology used is Artificial Intelligence (AI).These are user friendly high speed
MOTHERBOARD

A motherboard is an electronic circuit board in a computer

which interconnects hardware devices attached to it — which
is to say, all of the system hardware. At a minimum it includes
one or more Central Processing Units (CPU), and the main
processing activity of the computer takes place on it.
ports

Ports are used by a motherboard to interface with electronics

both inside and outside of the computer. Integrated ports are
those that are part of, directly wired to, the motherboard.
Internal integrated ports are used to connect devices inside
the system unit.
USB(UNIVERSAL SERIAL
BUS)

USB is one of the most successful interconnects in computing

history. V1 operates at 1.5 Mbps (low speed) or 12 Mbps (full
speed), V2 (high speed) at 480 Mbps, and V3 (super speed) at
up to 5Gbps. It can be found in over 2 billion PC and mobile
devices.
AUDIO PORTS

The audio input and stereo output ports (9 above) connect to

external speakers, a microphone, head sets, and possibly a
game. The external ports are colour coded by industry
standard
PROCESSOR

– A processor is the logic circuitry that responds to and

processes the basic instructions that drive a computer. The
four primary functions of a processor are fetching, decode,
execute and writeback.
RAM(RANDOM ACCESS
MEMORY)

RAM is random access memory, a type of computer memory

that can be accessed randomly; that is, any byte of memory
can be accessed without touching the preceding bytes. RAM
is found in servers, PCs, tablets, smartphones and other
devices, such as printers.
Thank you
Submitted by Rahul kumar rout